Turn a path string such as
/user/:name
into a regular expression.
npm install path-to-regexp --save
const { match, pathToRegexp, compile, parse, stringify, } = require("path-to-regexp");
Parameters match arbitrary strings in a path by matching up to the end of the segment, or up to any proceeding tokens. They are defined by prefixing a colon to the parameter name (:foo
). Parameter names can use any valid JavaScript identifier, or be double quoted to use other characters (:"param-name"
).
const fn = match("/:foo/:bar"); fn("/test/route"); //=> { path: '/test/route', params: { foo: 'test', bar: 'route' } }
Wildcard parameters match one or more characters across multiple segments. They are defined the same way as regular parameters, but are prefixed with an asterisk (*foo
).
const fn = match("/*splat"); fn("/bar/baz"); //=> { path: '/bar/baz', params: { splat: [ 'bar', 'baz' ] } }
Braces can be used to define parts of the path that are optional.
const fn = match("/users{/:id}/delete"); fn("/users/delete"); //=> { path: '/users/delete', params: {} } fn("/users/123/delete"); //=> { path: '/users/123/delete', params: { id: '123' } }
The match
function returns a function for matching strings against a path:
false
to disable all processing. (default: decodeURIComponent
)const fn = match("/foo/:bar");
Please note: path-to-regexp
is intended for ordered data (e.g. paths, hosts). It can not handle arbitrarily ordered data (e.g. query strings, URL fragments, JSON, etc).
The pathToRegexp
function returns the regexp
for matching strings against paths, and an array of keys
for understanding the RegExp#exec
matches.
false
)true
)[^/]
for :named
parameters. (default: '/'
)true
)const { regexp, keys } = pathToRegexp("/foo/:bar"); regexp.exec("/foo/123"); //=> ["/foo/123", "123"]Compile ("Reverse" Path-To-RegExp)
The compile
function will return a function for transforming parameters into a valid path:
[^/]
for :named
parameters. (default: '/'
)false
to disable entirely. (default: encodeURIComponent
)const toPath = compile("/user/:id"); toPath({ id: "name" }); //=> "/user/name" toPath({ id: "café" }); //=> "/user/caf%C3%A9" const toPathRepeated = compile("/*segment"); toPathRepeated({ segment: ["foo"] }); //=> "/foo" toPathRepeated({ segment: ["a", "b", "c"] }); //=> "/a/b/c" // When disabling `encode`, you need to make sure inputs are encoded correctly. No arrays are accepted. const toPathRaw = compile("/user/:id", { encode: false }); toPathRaw({ id: "%3A%2F" }); //=> "/user/%3A%2F"
Transform TokenData
(a sequence of tokens) back into a Path-to-RegExp string.
TokenData
instanceconst data = new TokenData([ { type: "text", value: "/" }, { type: "param", name: "foo" }, ]); const path = stringify(data); //=> "/:foo"
encode: false
and decode: false
to keep raw paths passed around.encodePath
.The parse
function accepts a string and returns TokenData
, which can be used with match
and compile
.
x => x
, recommended: encodeurl
)TokenData
is a sequence of tokens, currently of types text
, parameter
, wildcard
, or group
.
In some applications, you may not be able to use the path-to-regexp
syntax, but still want to use this library for match
and compile
. For example:
import { TokenData, match } from "path-to-regexp"; const tokens = [ { type: "text", value: "/" }, { type: "parameter", name: "foo" }, ]; const path = new TokenData(tokens); const fn = match(path); fn("/test"); //=> { path: '/test', index: 0, params: { foo: 'test' } }
An effort has been made to ensure ambiguous paths from previous releases throw an error. This means you might be seeing an error when things worked before.
In past releases, ?
, *
, and +
were used to denote optional or repeating parameters. As an alternative, try these:
?
), use an empty segment in a group such as /:file{.:ext}
.+
), only wildcard matching is supported, such as /*path
.*
), use a group and a wildcard parameter such as /files{/*path}
.(
, )
, [
, ]
, etc.
Previous versions of Path-to-RegExp used these for RegExp features. This version no longer supports them so they've been reserved to avoid ambiguity. To use these characters literally, escape them with a backslash, e.g. "\\("
.
Parameter names must be provided after :
or *
, and they must be a valid JavaScript identifier. If you want an parameter name that isn't a JavaScript identifier, such as starting with a number, you can wrap the name in quotes like :"my-name"
.
Parameter names can be wrapped in double quote characters, and this error means you forgot to close the quote character.
Path-To-RegExp breaks compatibility with Express <= 4.x
in the following ways:
*
must have a name, matching the behavior of parameters :
.?
is no longer supported, use braces instead: /:file{.:ext}
.()[]?+!
).:"this"
.MIT
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