A flasky app.
This app can be run completely using Docker and docker compose. Using Docker is recommended, as it guarantees the application is run using compatible versions of Python and Node.
There are three main services:
To run the development version of the app
docker compose up flask-dev
To run the production version of the app
docker compose up flask-prod
The list of environment: variables in the docker compose.yml file takes precedence over any variables specified in .env.
To run any commands using the Flask CLI
docker compose run --rm manage <<COMMAND>>
Therefore, to initialize a database you would run
docker compose run --rm manage db init docker compose run --rm manage db migrate docker compose run --rm manage db upgrade
A docker volume node-modules is created to store NPM packages and is reused across the dev and prod versions of the application. For the purposes of DB testing with sqlite, the file dev.db is mounted to all containers. This volume mount should be removed from docker compose.yml if a production DB server is used.
Go to http://localhost:8080. You will see a pretty welcome screen.
Run the following commands to bootstrap your environment if you are unable to run the application using Docker
cd my_flask_app pip install -r requirements/dev.txt npm install npm run-script build npm start # run the webpack dev server and flask server using concurrently
Go to http://localhost:5000. You will see a pretty welcome screen.
Once you have installed your DBMS, run the following to create your app's database tables and perform the initial migration
flask db init flask db migrate flask db upgrade
When using Docker, reasonable production defaults are set in docker compose.yml
FLASK_ENV=production
FLASK_DEBUG=0
Therefore, starting the app in "production" mode is as simple as
docker compose up flask-prod
If running without Docker
export FLASK_ENV=production export FLASK_DEBUG=0 export DATABASE_URL="<YOUR DATABASE URL>" npm run build # build assets with webpack flask run # start the flask server
To open the interactive shell, run
docker compose run --rm manage shell flask shell # If running locally without Docker
By default, you will have access to the flask app.
To run all tests, run
docker compose run --rm manage test flask test # If running locally without Docker
To run the linter, run
docker compose run --rm manage lint flask lint # If running locally without Docker
The lint command will attempt to fix any linting/style errors in the code. If you only want to know if the code will pass CI and do not wish for the linter to make changes, add the --check argument.
Whenever a database migration needs to be made. Run the following commands
docker compose run --rm manage db migrate flask db migrate # If running locally without Docker
This will generate a new migration script. Then run
docker compose run --rm manage db upgrade flask db upgrade # If running locally without Docker
To apply the migration.
For a full migration command reference, run docker compose run --rm manage db --help.
If you will deploy your application remotely (e.g on Heroku) you should add the migrations folder to version control. You can do this after flask db migrate by running the following commands
git add migrations/* git commit -m "Add migrations"
Make sure folder migrations/versions is not empty.
Files placed inside the assets directory and its subdirectories (excluding js and css) will be copied by webpack's file-loader into the static/build directory. In production, the plugin Flask-Static-Digest zips the webpack content and tags them with a MD5 hash. As a result, you must use the static_url_for function when including static content, as it resolves the correct file name, including the MD5 hash. For example
<link rel="shortcut icon" href="{{static_url_for('static', filename='build/favicon.ico') }}">
If all of your static files are managed this way, then their filenames will change whenever their contents do, and you can ask Flask to tell web browsers that they should cache all your assets forever by including the following line in .env:
SEND_FILE_MAX_AGE_DEFAULT=31556926 # one year
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