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GitHub - embassy-rs/stm32-data

stm32-data is a project that generates clean, machine-readable data for the STM32 microcontroller families. It also provides a tool to generate a Rust Peripheral Access Crate (stm32-metapac) for these devices.

The generated data includes:

• ✔️ Base chip information
  • RAM, flash
  • Packages
• ✔️ Peripheral addresses and interrupts
• ✔️ Interrupts
• ✔️ GPIO AlternateFunction mappings (for all families except F1)
• ❌ GPIO mappings for F1
• 🚧 Register blocks for all peripherals
• ✔️ DMA stream mappings
• ✔️ Per-package pinouts
• ✔️ Links to applicable reference manuals, datasheets, appnotes PDFs.

✔️ = done, 🚧 = work in progress, ❌ = to do

The generated JSON files are available here in the stm32-data-generated repo.

If you're looking for the API docs for stm32-metapac customized to a particular chip, they are available here: https://docs.embassy.dev/stm32-metapac

The generated PAC is available here in the stm32-data-generated repo.

• Run ./d download-all

  This will download all the required data sources into sources/.

• Run ./d gen-all

  This (re)generates all the intermediate JSON's to build/data/ and the stm32-metapac crate into build/stm32-metapac/.

The generated PAC crate can be included as a local dependency for testing or development:

[dependencies]
stm32-metapac = { path = "../../stm32-data/build/stm32-metapac" }

The JSON files in build/data/ are generated as follows:

• Run cargo run --release --bin stm32-data-gen

  This generates all the intermediate JSON's in build/data/.

  Assignments of registers to peripherals are done in a perimap and fixes to registers can be done in the files located in data/registers.

When the JSON data was generated as described above, it can be used to generate the PAC:

• Run cargo run --release --bin stm32-metapac-gen

  This generates the stm32-metapac crate into build/stm32-metapac/.

These are the data sources currently used.

• STM32Cube database:
  • List of all MCUs
  • Peripheral versions
  • Flash, RAM size
  • GPIO AF mappings
  • Interrupt mappings (which signals from which peripherals are OR'd into a NVIC interrupt line)
  • DMA channel request mappings
  • Packages and package pinouts (TODO)
• STM32Cubeprog database
  • Flash, RAM size
• STM32 mcufinder:
  • Links to documentation PDFs (reference manuals, datasheets...)
• STM32 HAL headers:
  • interrupt number, name
  • peripheral addresses
• stm32-rs SVDs: register blocks.

For register blocks, YAMLs are initially extracted from SVDs, manually cleaned up and committed. From this point on, they're manually maintained. We don't maintain "patches" for registers unlike the stm32-rs project. This has two advantages:

• Fixing mistakes and typos in the SVDs is now much easier (and yes, there are A LOT of those). It doesn't require a complicated patching system, you just edit the YAML to fix the mistake instead of writing a patch that will fix it when applied.
• Ensuring consistency for the same peripherals between chips. (i.e. we check in a single i2c_v2.yaml and ensure it is good, vs trying to patch wildly differing SVDs for what's an identical IP block into being consistent). The stm32-rs project doesn't have this as a goal, while we do. Writing a single HAL for all stm32 chips (such as the embassy-stm32 HAL) is impossible otherwise.

This project is built in three stages:

1. Source Acquisition

   • ./d download-all fetches STM32CubeDB XMLs, CubeProg data, mcufinder JSONs, and HAL headers into sources/.

2. JSON Generation

   • stm32-data-gen generates the JSON files from consolidated YAML and source data:
     1. Parse YAML files to build an in-memory IR for registers (src/registers.rs).
        • data/extra/family/*.yaml: Extra or corrective peripheral entries, rules to modify pin names, rules to override pin names for specific instances of a peripheral.
        • data/header_map.yaml: MCU slug to HAL C-header filename mapping for base addresses & IRQ extraction.
        • data/registers/*.yaml: Register-block definitions (offsets, fields, enums).
        • data/dmamux/*.yaml: DMAMUX profiles for families with a DMA multiplexer.
        • src/perimap.rs: Regex rules mapping each device-peripheral to the correct register-block YAML version.
     2. Parse HAL headers to extract #define macros (base addresses, IRQ numbers) (src/header.rs).
     3. Parse mcufinder docs to collect datasheet and reference manual links (src/docs.rs).
     4. Parse DMA XML to extract DMA channel configurations (src/dma.rs).
     5. Parse GPIO AF XML to extract alternate-function assignments (src/gpio_af.rs).
     6. Parse RCC registers for clock/reset settings (src/rcc.rs).
     7. Parse interrupts to map NVIC lines (src/interrupts.rs).
     8. Group all packages of a chip into ChipGroup structures (src/chips.rs).
     9. Use the parsed data to dump one JSON per MCU into build/data/chips/*.json (in process_chip of src/generator.rs).

3. PAC Generation

   • stm32-metapac-gen consumes the JSON files and generates the PAC crate:
     1. Load JSON from build/data/chips & build/data/registers.
     2. Construct IR (chiptool::ir::IR), apply transforms (sort, sanitize, expand_extends).
     3. Render Rust code via chiptool::generate::render().
     4. Write outputs under build/stm32-metapac/, including:
        • src/chips/<chip>/pac.rs, metadata.rs, device.x
        • src/peripherals/*.rs
        • src/registers/*.rs
        • Cargo.toml and supporting files.

chiptool provides IR definitions and code-generation templates for PAC generation.

This will help you add support for a new peripheral to all STM32 families. (Please take the time to add it for all families, even if you personally are only interested in one. It's easier than it looks, and doing all families at once is significantly less work than adding one now then having to revisit everything later when adding more. It also helps massively in catching mistakes and inconsistencies in the source SVDs.)

• First, make sure you can generate the YAMLs following the steps above. You should be able to regenerate the already-committed yamls, and end up with no diff.
• Install chiptool with ./d install-chiptool
• Run ./d extract-all LPUART1. This'll output a bunch of yamls in tmp/LPUART1. NOTE sometimes peripherals have a number sometimes not (LPUART1 vs LPUART). You might want to try both and merge the outputted YAMLs into a single directory.
• Diff them between themselves, to identify differences. The differences can either be:
  • 1: Legitimate differences between families, because there are different LPUART versions. For example, added registers/fields.
  • 2: SVD inconsistencies, like different register names for the same register
  • 3: SVD mistakes (yes, there are some)
  • 4: Missing stuff in SVDs, usually enums or doc descriptions.
• Identify how many actually-different (incompatible) versions of the peripheral exist, as we must not merge them. Name them v1, v2.. (if possible, by order of chip release date, see here.
• For each version, pick the "best" YAML (the one that has less enums/docs missing), place them in data/registers/lpuart_vX.yaml
• Cleanup the register yamls (see below).
• Minimize the diff between each pair of versions. For example between lpuart_v1.yaml and lpuart_v2.yaml. If one is missing enums or descriptions, copy it from another.
• Make sure the block
• Add entries to perimap, see below.
• Regen, then:
  • Check data/chips/*.yaml has the right block: lpuart_vX/LPUART fields.
  • Ensure a successful build of the affected pac. e.g.

    cd build/stm32-metapac
    cargo build --features stm32u5a9nj --target thumbv8m.main-none-eabihf
    

Please separate manual changes and changes resulting from regen in separate commits. It helps tremendously with review and rebasing/merging.

SVDs have some widespread annoyances that should be fixed when adding register YAMLs to this repo. Check out chiptool transforms, they can help in speeding up the cleanups.

• Remove "useless prefixes". For example if all regs in the RNG peripheral are named RNG_FOO, RNG_BAR, the RNG_ peripheral is not conveying any useful information at all, and must go.
• Remove "useless enums". Useless enums is one of the biggest cause of slow compilation times in STM32 PACs.
  • 0=disabled, 1=enabled. Common in xxEN and xxIE fields. If a field says "enable foo" and is one bit, it's obvious "true" means enabled and "false" means disabled.
  • "Write 0/1 to clear" enums, common in xxIF fields.
  • Check out the DeleteEnums chiptool transforms.
• Convert repeated registers or fields (like FOO0 FOO1, FOO2, FOO3) to arrays FOO[n].
  • Check out the MakeRegisterArray, MakeFieldArray chiptool transforms.
• Use chiptool fmt on each of the register yamls.

NOTE: At the time of writing all families are supported, so this is only useful in particular situations, for example if you want to regenerate an RCC register yaml from scratch.

Adding support for a new family is mostly a matter of adding support for RCC.

Now extract the RCC peripheral registers: ./d extract-all RCC --transform transforms/RCC.yaml

Note that we have used a transform to mechanically clean up some of the RCC definitions. This will produce a YAML file for each chip model in ./tmp/RCC.

Sometimes the peripheral name will not match the name defined in the SVD files, check the SVD file for the correct peripheral name.

RCC registers are usually identical within a family, except they have different subsets of the enable/reset bits because different chips have different amounts of peripherals. (i.e. one particular bit position in one particular register is either present or not, but will never have different meanings in different chips of the same family.)

To verify they're indeed subsets, choose the model with the largest peripheral set possible (e.g. the STM32G081) and compare its YAML against each of the other models' to verify that they are all mutually consistent.

Finally, we can merge

./merge_regs.py tmp/RCC/g0*.yaml

Tip

You may need to install the required packages in order to run this

pip install xmltodict
pip install pyyaml

This will produce regs_merged.yaml, which we can copy into its final resting place:

mv regs_merged.yaml data/registers/rcc_g0.yaml

To assign these newly generated registers to peripherals, utilize the mapping done in stm32-data-gen/src/perimap.rs.

The stm32-data-gen binary has a map to match peripherals to the right version in all chips, the perimap.

When parsing a chip, for each peripheral a "key" string is constructed using this format: CHIP:PERIPHERAL_NAME:IP_NAME:IP_VERSION, where:

• CHIP: full chip name, for example STM32L443CC
• PERIPHERAL_NAME: peripheral name, for example SPI3. Corresponds to IP.InstanceName in the MCU XML.
• IP_NAME: IP name, for example SPI. Corresponds to IP.Name in the MCU XML.
• IP_VERSION: IP version, for example spi2s1_v3_3_Cube, Corresponds to IP.Version in the MCU XML.

perimap entries are regexes matching on the above "key" string. First regex that matches wins.

The IP version is particularly useful. It is an ST-internal "IP version" that's incremented every time changes are made to the peripheral, so it correlates very well to changes in the peripheral's register interface.

You should prefer matching peripherals by IP version whenever possible. For example:

(".*:SPI:spi2s1_v2_2", ("spi", "v1", "SPI")),
(".*:SPI:spi2s1_v3_2", ("spi", "v2", "SPI")),

Sometimes it's not possible to map by IP version, and we have to map by chip name. For example:

("STM32H7.*:FLASH:.*", ("flash", "h7", "FLASH")),
("STM32F0.*:FLASH:.*", ("flash", "f0", "FLASH")),
("STM32F1.*:FLASH:.*", ("flash", "f1", "FLASH")),
("STM32F3.*:FLASH:.*", ("flash", "f3", "FLASH")),
("STM32F4.*:FLASH:.*", ("flash", "f4", "FLASH")),
...etc

Sometimes even the same IP name+version in the same chip family has different registers (different instances of the IP are configured differently), so we have to map by chip name AND peripheral instance name. This should be the last resort. For example:

("STM32F7.*:TIM1:.*", ("timer_v1", "TIM_ADV")),
("STM32F7.*:TIM8:.*", ("timer_v1", "TIM_ADV")),
(".*TIM\d.*:gptimer.*", ("timer_v1", "TIM_GP16")),

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