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ajeetdsouza/loxcraft: Language tooling for the Lox programming language.
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cargo install loxcraft --locked
Time taken to execute the benchmark suite (lower is better):
Benchmark loxcraft clox jlox binary_tree 8.29s 8.13s 26.41s equality_1 7.17s 7.73s 10.01s equality_2 8.39s 9.66s 14.30s fib 10.90s 10.09s 21.89s instantiation 10.83s 12.84s 14.24s invocation 9.93s 8.93s 15.77s method_call 11.01s 9.12s 62.03s properties 10.05s 5.98s 69.77s string_equality_1 7.76s 7.66s 34.08s string_equality_2 10.78s 10.52s 36.25s trees 9.97s 8.72s 72.87s zoo 10.67s 6.18s 100.10s
Benchmarks were run with the following configuration:
- Device: Apple MacBook Pro (16-inch, 2021)
- Processor: M1 Pro
- RAM: 16 GiB
- OS: macOS Ventura 13.2
- Rust: 1.66.1
- Apple Clang: 14.0.0
- Oracle JDK: 19.0.2
So you want to build your own programming language! Here's some extremely helpful resources I referred to when building loxcraft:
- Crafting Interpreters by Bob Nystrom: this book introduces you to a teaching programming language named Lox, walks you through implementing a full-featured tree walking interpreter for in in Java, and then shows you how to build a bytecode compiler + VM for it in C. I cannot recommend this book enough.
- Bob Nystrom also has a blog, and his articles are really well written (see his post on Pratt parsers / garbage collectors). I'd also recommend going through the source code for Wren, it shares a lot of code with Lox. Despite the deceptive simplicity of the implementation, it (like Lox) is incredibly fast - it's a great way to learn how to build production grade compilers in general.
- Writing an Interpreter in Go / Writing a Compiler in Go by Thorsten Ball is a great set of books. Since it uses Go, it piggybacks on Go's garbage collector instead of building one of its own. This simplifies the implementation, making this book a lot easier to grok - but it also means that you may have trouble porting it to a non-GC language (like Rust).
- Make a Language by Luna Razzaghipour is a fantastic series. Notably, this book constructs its syntax tree using the same library used by rust-analyzer (rowan).
- Simple but Powerful Pratt Parsing by Alex Kladov (one of the main authors behind rust-analyzer) is a great tutorial on building a parser in Rust. The rest of his blog is incredible too!
- rust-langdev has a lot of libraries for building compilers in Rust. To start off, I'd suggest logos for lexing, LALRPOP / chumsky for parsing, and rust-gc for garbage collection.
- Learning Rust with Entirely Too Many Linked Lists is a quick tutorial on unsafe Rust, which you'll need if you're building a garbage collector yourself.
- If you want some inspiration for a production-grade language built in Rust, you might want to go through the source code of Starlark and Gluon.
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Language tooling for the Lox programming language.
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