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free - Wiktionary, the free dictionary

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

From Middle English free, fre, freo, from Old English frēo (“free”), from Proto-West Germanic *frī, from Proto-Germanic *frijaz (“beloved, not in bondage”), from Proto-Indo-European *priHós (“pleased, loved”), from *preyH- (“to please, love”). Related to friend.

cognates, etc

Germanic cognates include West Frisian frij (“free”), Dutch vrij (“free”), Low German free (“free”), German frei (“free”), Danish, Swedish and Norwegian fri (“free”).

Other cognates include Sanskrit प्रिय (priyá-, “beloved”).

Germanic and Celtic are the only Indo-European language branches in which the PIE word with the meaning of "dear, beloved" acquired the additional meaning of "free" in the sense of "not in bondage". This was an extension of the idea of "characteristic of those who are dear and beloved", in other words friends and tribe members (in contrast to unfree inhabitants from other tribes and prisoners of war, many of which were among the slaves – compare the Latin use of liberi to mean both "free persons" and "children of a family").[1][2]

A sign advertising free beer (obtainable without payment). It is a joke: every day the sign is read, the free beer will be available "tomorrow" (therefore never). A "buy one get one free" sign at a flower stand (obtainable without additional payment). This food product (half and half) is labelled "fat free", meaning it contains no detectable fat.

free (comparative freer or more free, superlative freest or most free)

  3. Obtainable without any payment.
    Synonyms: free of charge, gratis, costless, feeless; free as in beer
    Antonym: see at nonfree
    Coordinate terms: libre, free as in speech, free as in freedom

    The government provides free health care.

    It's free real estate.

    2. (by extension, chiefly used in advertising) Complimentary.

      Buy a TV to get a free DVD player!

  5. (abstract) Unconstrained.
    2. (algebra, of an algebraic structure) In any of various technical senses generic, universal.
      1. (most generally, category theory, of an object F {\displaystyle F} in a concrete category, with respect to a set X {\displaystyle X} and a map i {\displaystyle i} from X {\displaystyle X} to the underlying set of F {\displaystyle F} ) Such that any map f {\displaystyle f} from X {\displaystyle X} to the underlying set of an object A {\displaystyle A} in the same category as F {\displaystyle F} induces a map f ¯ {\displaystyle {\bar {f}}} from F {\displaystyle F} to A {\displaystyle A} which is compatible with f {\displaystyle f} (i.e. such that f = f ¯ ∘ i {\displaystyle f={\bar {f}}\circ i} ).
      2. (group theory, of a group) Having a set of generators which satisfy no non-trivial relations; equivalently, being the group of reduced words on a set of generators.
      3. (commutative algebra, of a module) Having a linearly independent set of generators (called a basis).
    3. (logic, of a variable) Unconstrained by quantifiers.
      Antonym: bound
    4. (programming) Unconstrained of identifiers, not bound.
      Synonym: unbound
      Antonym: bound
    6. (linguistics) (of a morpheme) That can be used by itself, unattached to another morpheme.
  7. (physical) Unconstrained.
    2. Unobstructed, without blockages.
      Synonyms: clear, unobstructed
      Antonyms: blocked, obstructed

      the drain was free

    4. Unattached or uncombined.
      Synonyms: loose, unfastened; see also Thesaurus:loose

      a free radical

    6. Not currently in use; not taken; unoccupied.

      You can sit on this chair; it's free.

    8. (botany, mycology) Not attached; loose.

      In this group of mushrooms, the gills are free.

      • 1992, Rudolf M[athias] Schuster, The Hepaticae and Anthocerotae of North America: East of the Hundredth Meridian, volume V, Chicago, Ill.: Field Museum of Natural History, →ISBN, page 7:

        Furthermore, the free anterior margin of the lobule is arched toward the lobe and is often involute […]

    10. (military) Of a rocket or missile: not under the control of a guidance system after being launched.
  9. Without; not containing (what is specified); exempt; clear; liberated.
    Synonym: without

    We had a wholesome, filling meal, free of meat.  I would like to live free from care in the mountains.

  10. (dated) Ready; eager; acting without spurring or whipping; spirited.

    a free horse

  11. (dated) Invested with a particular freedom or franchise; enjoying certain immunities or privileges; admitted to special rights; followed by of.
  12. (UK, law, obsolete) Certain or honourable; the opposite of base.

    free service;  free socage

  14. (law) Privileged or individual; proprietary.
    Antonyms: common, nonproprietary

    a free fishery;  a free warren

The terms below need to be checked and allocated to the definitions (senses) of the headword above. Each term should appear in the sense for which it is appropriate. For synonyms and antonyms you may use the templates {{syn|en|...}} or {{ant|en|...}}.
The terms below need to be checked and allocated to the definitions (senses) of the headword above. Each term should appear in the sense for which it is appropriate. For synonyms and antonyms you may use the templates {{syn|en|...}} or {{ant|en|...}}.

not imprisoned

unconstrained

mathematics: unconstrained

unobstructed

not in use

without obligations

software: with very few limitations on distribution or improvement

without

mycology: not attached to the stipe

Translations to be checked

free (comparative more free, superlative most free)

  1. Without needing to pay.
    Synonyms: for free, for nothing, gratis

    I got this bike free.

  2. (obsolete) Freely; willingly.

without needing to pay

From Middle English freen, freoȝen, from Old English frēon, frēoġan (“to free; make free”), from Proto-West Germanic *frijōn, from Proto-Germanic *frijōną, from Proto-Indo-European *preyH-, and is cognate with German freien, Dutch vrijen, Czech přát, Serbo-Croatian prijati, Polish sprzyjać.

A painting depicting mythical Greek hero Perseus freeing Andromeda, who was imprisoned by a sea monster

free (third-person singular simple present frees, present participle freeing, simple past and past participle freed)

  1. (transitive) To make free; set at liberty; release.
  2. (transitive) To rid of something that confines or oppresses. [with from]
  3. (transitive, programming) To relinquish (previously allocated memory) to the system.

to make free, set at liberty

to rid of something that confines or oppresses

programming: to relinquish (previously allocated memory) to the system

free (plural frees)

  1. (Australian rules football, Gaelic football) Abbreviation of free kick.
  2. (soccer) A free transfer.
  3. (hurling) The usual means of restarting play after a foul is committed, where the non-offending team restarts from where the foul was committed.
  4. (swimming, informal) Abbreviation of freestyle.

    The team won the 200 meters free relay.

abbreviation of free kick

free

  1. inflection of frear:
    1. first/third-person singular present subjunctive
    2. third-person singular imperative

From Middle Low German vrîe, variant of vrî, from Old Saxon frī, from Proto-Germanic *frijaz, from Proto-Indo-European *priHós (“beloved”). Compare Dutch vrij, West Frisian frij, English free, German frei.

free (comparative fre'er, superlative freest)

  1. (rather rare) free

Positive forms of free

gender singular plural masculine feminine neuter all genders predicative he is free se is free dat is free se sünd free partitive een Fre'es een Fre'es wat Fre'es allens Fre'e strong declension
(without article) nominative fre'e fre'e free fre'e oblique fre'en fre'e free fre'e weak declension
(with definite article) nominative de fre'e de fre'e dat fre'e de fre'en oblique den fre'en de fre'e dat fre'e de fre'en mixed declension
(with indefinite article) nominative en fre'e/fre'en en fre'e en free/fre'et (keen) fre'en oblique en fre'en en fre'e en free/fre'et (keen) fre'en

Comparative forms of free

gender singular plural masculine feminine neuter all genders predicative he is fre'er se is fre'er dat is fre'er se sünd fre'er partitive een fre'ers een fre'ers wat fre'ers allens fre'er strong declension
(without article) nominative fre'ere fre'ere fre'er fre'ere oblique fre'ern fre'ere fre'er fre'ere weak declension
(with definite article) nominative de fre'ere de fre'ere dat fre'ere de fre'ern oblique den fre'ern de fre'ere dat fre'ere de fre'ern mixed declension
(with indefinite article) nominative en fre'ere/fre'eren en fre'ere en fre'er (keen) fre'ern oblique en fre'ern en fre'ere en fre'er (keen) fre'ern

Superlative forms of free

gender singular plural masculine feminine neuter all genders predicative he is de Freeste se is de Freeste dat is dat Freeste se sünd de Freesten strong declension
(without article) nominative freeste freeste freest freeste oblique freesten freeste freest freeste weak declension
(with definite article) nominative de freeste de freeste dat freeste de freesten oblique den freesten de freeste dat freeste de freesten mixed declension
(with indefinite article) nominative en freeste/freesten en freeste en freest (keen) freesten oblique en freesten en freeste en freest (keen) freesten

Note: This declension is one of many; neither its grammar nor spelling apply to all dialects.

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