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Thespesia grandiflora - Wikipedia
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Species of plant
Thespesia grandiflora, most commonly known as Maga, and also referred to as Maga Colorada ("Red Maga") and Puerto Rican hibiscus,[2] is a tree in the family Malvaceae of the rosids clade[2] endemic to Puerto Rico, where its flower is officially recognized as the national flower of the archipelago.[3][4][5][6] Although originally native to the humid mountains of limestone in the western and north-central portions of Puerto Rico, today it grows everywhere in the archipelago due to its extensive cultivation.[7] It is also grown as an ornamental tree in Florida, Hawaii, Honduras and various Caribbean islands.[7] The maga is mostly used as an ornamental plant, but like the related Thespesia populnea its wood is also valued for its durable timber.[7]
The flower of the tree, known as Flor de Maga, is the official national flower of Puerto Rico.[8] Though this species is contained within the same family as Hibiscus and may sometimes be referred to as such in English, truly it belongs to a different genus and species from true hibiscus, and is more closely related to Cotton.
The maga tree usually grows no larger than 20 meters.[7] It is grown for timber and as an ornamental plant.
- Bailey, L.H. 1941. The standard cyclopedia of horticulture. New York: Macmillan. 3,639 p.
- Calvesbert, Robert, Jr. 1970. Climate of Puerto Rico and U.S. Virgin Islands. Climatology of the United States 60-52. Silver Spring, MD: U.S. Department of Commerce, Environmental Science Service Administration, Environmental Data Service. 29 p.
- Holdridge, L.R. 1942. Trees of Puerto Rico. Occasional Paper 1. Río Piedras, PR: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Tropical Forest Experiment Station. 105 p. Vol. 1.
- Holdridge, L.R. 1967. Life zone ecology. San José, Costa Rica: Tropical Science Center. 206 p.
- Joland, S.D.; Wiedhopt, R.M.; Cole, J.R. 1975. Tumor inhibitory agent from Montezuma speciosissima (Malvaceae). Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences. 64(11): 1889-1890.
- Liogier, Henri A.; Martorell, Luis F. 1982. Flora of Puerto Rico and adjacent islands: a systematic synopsis. Río Piedras, PR: Editorial de la Universidad de Puerto Rico. 342 p.
- Little, Elbert L., Jr.; Wadsworth, Frank H. 1964. Common trees of Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands. Agric. Handb. 249. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Agriculture. 548 p.
- Marrero, José. 1942. A seed storage study of maga. Caribbean Forester. 3(4): 173-184.
- Marrero, José. 1947. A survey of the forest plantations in the Caribbean National Forest. Ann Arbor, MI: University of Michigan. 167 p. Tesis de M.S.
- Marrero, José. 1948. Forest planting in the Caribbean National Forest: past experience as a guide for the future. Caribbean Forester. 1: 85-213.
- Martorell, Luis F. 1975. Annotated food plant catalog of the insects of Puerto Rico. Río Piedras, PR: Agricultural Experiment Station. 303 p.
- Neal, Marie C. 1965. In gardens of Hawaii. Special Publication 50. Honolulú: Bernice P. Bishop Press. 924 p.
- Sapath, D.S.; Balaram, P. 1986. Resolution of racemic gossypol and interaction of individual enantiomers with serum albumins and model peptides. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta. 882(2): 183-186.
- Schubert, Thomas H. 1979. Trees for urban use in Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands. Gen. Tech. Rep. SO-27. New Orleans, LA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Southern Forest Experiment Station. 91 p.
- Weaver, Peter L. 1987. Tree growth in several tropical forests of Puerto Rico. Res. Pap. SO-152. New Orleans, LA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Southern Forest Experiment Station. 15 p.
- Wolcott, George N. 1939. The entomologist looks at maga. Caribbean Forester. 1(1): 29-30.
- Wolcott, George N. 1940. A list of woods arranged according to their resistance to the attack of the “polilla”, the dry-wood termite of the West Indies. Caribbean Forester. 1(4): 1-10.
Endemic frog species to Puerto Rico: Common Coqui
State flowers of the United States
- AL Camellia, Oak-leaf hydrangea WF
- AK Forget-me-not
- AZ Saguaro cactus blossom
- AR Apple blossom
- CA California poppy
- CO Rocky Mountain columbine
- CT Mountain laurel, Mirabilis jalapa CH
- DE Peach blossom
- FL Orange blossom, Tickseed WF
- GA Azalea WF, Cherokee rose FE
- HI Hawaiian hibiscus
- ID Syringa, mock orange
- IL Violet, Milkweed
- IN Peony
- IA Wild prairie rose
- KS Sunflower
- KY Goldenrod
- LA Magnolia, Louisiana iris WF
- ME White pine cone and tassel
- MD Black-eyed susan
- MA Mayflower
- MI Apple blossom, Dwarf lake iris WF
- MN Pink and white lady's slipper
- MS Magnolia, Tickseed WF
- MO Hawthorn
- MT Bitterroot
- NE Goldenrod
- NV Sagebrush
- NH Purple lilac, Pink lady's slipper WF
- NJ Violet
- NM Yucca flower
- NY Rose
- NC Flowering dogwood, Carolina lily WF
- ND Wild prairie rose
- OH Scarlet carnation, Large white trillium WF
- OK Oklahoma rose, Indian blanket WF, Mistletoe FE
- OR Oregon grape
- PA Mountain laurel, Penngift crown vetch BC
- RI Violet
- SC Yellow jessamine, Goldenrod WF
- SD Pasque flower
- TN Iris, Purple passionflower WF, Tennessee coneflower WF
- TX Bluebonnet sp.
- UT Sego lily
- VT Red clover
- VA American dogwood
- WA Coast rhododendron
- WV Rhododendron
- WI Wood violet
- WY Indian paintbrush
- AS Paogo (Ulafala)
- GU Bougainvillea spectabilis
- MP Flores mayo
- PR Maga
- VI Yellow elder
Italics: state wildflower WF, state children's flower CH, state floral emblem FE, beautification and conservation BC
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