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Reserved IP addresses - Wikipedia

Toggle the table of contents Reserved IP addresses

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In the Internet addressing architecture, the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) and the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) have reserved various Internet Protocol (IP) addresses for special purposes.[1]

IPv4 designates special usage or applications for various addresses or address blocks:[1][2]

Special address blocks Address block Address range Number of addresses Scope Description 0.0.0.0/8 0.0.0.0–0.255.255.255 16777216 Software Current (local, "this") network[1] 10.0.0.0/8 10.0.0.0–10.255.255.255 16777216 Private network Used for local communications within a private network[3] 100.64.0.0/10 100.64.0.0–100.127.255.255 4194304 Private network Shared address space[4] for communications between a service provider and its subscribers when using a carrier-grade NAT 127.0.0.0/8 127.0.0.0–127.255.255.255 16777216 Host Used for loopback addresses to the local host[1] 169.254.0.0/16 169.254.0.0–169.254.255.255 65536 Subnet Used for link-local addresses[5] between two hosts on a single link when no IP address is otherwise specified, such as would have normally been retrieved from a DHCP server 172.16.0.0/12 172.16.0.0–172.31.255.255 1048576 Private network Used for local communications within a private network[3] 192.0.0.0/24 192.0.0.0–192.0.0.255 256 Private network IETF Protocol Assignments, DS-Lite (/29)[1] 192.0.2.0/24 192.0.2.0–192.0.2.255 256 Documentation Assigned as TEST-NET-1, documentation and examples[6] 192.88.99.0/24 192.88.99.0–192.88.99.255 256 Internet Reserved.[7] Formerly used for IPv6 to IPv4 relay[8] (included IPv6 address block 2002::/16). 192.168.0.0/16 192.168.0.0–192.168.255.255 65536 Private network Used for local communications within a private network[3] 198.18.0.0/15 198.18.0.0–198.19.255.255 131072 Private network Used for benchmark testing of inter-network communications between two separate subnets[9] 198.51.100.0/24 198.51.100.0–198.51.100.255 256 Documentation Assigned as TEST-NET-2, documentation and examples[6] 203.0.113.0/24 203.0.113.0–203.0.113.255 256 Documentation Assigned as TEST-NET-3, documentation and examples[6] 224.0.0.0/4 224.0.0.0–239.255.255.255 268435456 Internet In use for multicast[10] (former Class D network) 233.252.0.0/24 233.252.0.0–233.252.0.255 256 Documentation Assigned as MCAST-TEST-NET, documentation and examples (This is part of the above multicast space.)[10][11] 240.0.0.0/4 240.0.0.0–255.255.255.254 268435455 Internet Reserved for future use[12] (former Class E network) 255.255.255.255/32 255.255.255.255 1 Subnet Reserved for the "limited broadcast" destination address[1]

IPv6 assigns special uses or applications for various IP addresses:[1]

Special address blocks Address block (CIDR) First address Last address Number of addresses Usage Purpose ::/128 :: :: 1 Software Unspecified address ::1/128 ::1 ::1 1 Host Loopback address—a virtual interface that loops all traffic back to itself, the local host ::ffff:0:0/96 ::ffff:0.0.0.0 ::ffff:0:0 ::ffff:255.255.255.255 ::ffff:ffff:ffff 232 Software IPv4-mapped addresses ::ffff:0:0:0/96 ::ffff:0:0.0.0.0 ::ffff:0:0:0 ::ffff:0:255.255.255.255 ::ffff:0:ffff:ffff 232 Software IPv4-translated addresses 64:ff9b::/96 64:ff9b::0.0.0.0 64:ff9b::0:0 64:ff9b::255.255.255.255 64:ff9b::ffff:ffff 232 The global Internet IPv4/IPv6 translation[13] 64:ff9b:1::/48 64:ff9b:1:: 64:ff9b:1:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff 280, with 248 for each IPv4 Private internets IPv4/IPv6 translation[14] 100::/64 100:: 100::ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff 264 Routing Discard prefix[15] 2001::/32 2001:: 2001:0:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff 296 The global Internet Teredo tunneling[16] 2001:20::/28 2001:20:: 2001:2f:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff 2100 Software ORCHIDv2[17] 2001:db8::/32 2001:db8:: 2001:db8:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff 296 Documentation Addresses used in documentation and example source code[18] 2002::/16 2002:: 2002:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff 2112 The global Internet The 6to4 addressing scheme 3fff::/20 3fff:: 3fff:fff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff 2108 Documentation Addresses used in documentation and example source code[19] 5f00::/16 5f00:: 5f00:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff 2112 Routing IPv6 Segment Routing (SRv6)[20] fc00::/7 fc00:: fdff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff 2121 Private internets Unique local address[21] fe80::/64 from fe80::/10 fe80:: fe80::ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff 264 Link Link-local address ff00::/8 ff00:: ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff 2120 The global Internet Multicast address

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