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postmarketOS - Wikipedia

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Free and open-source operating system for smartphones, based on Alpine Linux

Linux distribution

postmarketOS

postmarketOS running

Phosh Developer postmarketOS open-source community OS family Linux (Unix-like) Working state Active Source model Open source Initial release 26 May 2017; 7 years ago (2017-05-26) Latest release 24.12 (The One With Androids & Cameras, But It's Mainline Linux)[1] / 23 December 2024; 4 months ago (23 December 2024) Repository Marketing target Operating system replacement for Android and other mobile devices Available in English, Czech, German, French, Italian, Spanish, etc. Update method apk-tools (package manager) Package manager apk-tools (from Alpine Linux) Platforms ARM, ARM64, x86, x86-64 Kernel type Monolithic (Linux) Default
user interface GNOME, Phosh, Sway, Sxmo[2] Official website postmarketos.org

postmarketOS (abbreviated as pmOS) is an operating system primarily for smartphones, based on the Alpine Linux distribution.[3][4][5][6]

postmarketOS was launched on 26 May 2017[4][7] with the source code available on GitHub before migrating to GitLab in 2018.[8] It is capable of running different X and Wayland based user interfaces, such as Plasma Mobile,[9][10] MATE, GNOME, and XFCE;[11] later updates added support for Unity8 and Phosh.[12] It is also capable of running Docker, if the device specific kernel has cgroups and relevant configs enabled.[13] The project aims to provide a ten-year lifecycle for smartphones.[14]

Oliver Smith started developing postmarketOS in 2016.[15]

Unlike many other projects porting conventional Linux distributions to Android phones, postmarketOS does not use the Android build system or userspace.[16] Each phone has only one unique package, and flashable installation images are generated using the pmbootstrap tool.[4] The project intends to support the mainline Linux kernel on all phones in the future, instead of the often outdated Android-specific fork, to reduce the potential for security exploits.[4] A few devices can boot into the mainline kernel already.[17][18] The project aims to support Android apps, originally through the use of Anbox, which was replaced by Waydroid since postmarketOS v21.12.[19][20]

Alpine Linux was chosen as the base distribution due to its low storage requirements, making it more suitable for older devices. Excluding the kernel, a base installation takes up approximately 6 MB.[21][4][22] In March 2024, the maintainers announced that postmarketOS would migrate from OpenRC to systemd as its init system for select user interfaces.[23]

State of development[edit]

As of 2025, it is work-in-progress software intended for power users.[24]

Different tools have been published by the project, including:

As of May 2020, over two hundred devices are able to boot the operating system, including 92 with WiFi support.[30][31] This includes many smartphones and tablets that originally ran Android,[32][33] as well as some Linux-based Nokia smartphones, such as the N900[34] and N9.[35][17] After Corellium's Project Sandcastle ported the Linux kernel to some iPhone versions, postmarketOS was also seen to boot on it, although no persistent flashing is supported at the moment.[36] As of May 2021, support for wearable devices (including Google Glass and smartwatches like the LG G Watch) has been improved through integration with the AsteroidOS user interface and work on mainline kernel for the LG G Watch R.[37]

In 2018, no devices were yet able to make phone calls with postmarketOS,[38] although significant efforts were being made in this regard. By 2020, a number of devices were fully or mostly supported, including for phone calls, SMS messages and mobile data. These included the BQ Aquaris X5, Librem 5, Nokia N900, Motorola Moto G4 Play, Samsung Galaxy A3 (2015), Samsung Galaxy A5 (2015), and Wileyfox Swift.[39]

Furthermore, the PinePhone launched in 2020, with postmarketOS Community Edition as a first-party operating system.[40]

Porting to a new device[edit]

The development process to make a new device compatible with the operating system consists of creating a phone-specific package using the pmbootstrap tool. For that, the use of the Linux kernel from the device's original manufacturer is often necessary. The source code of the original kernel is often made available by compliance with the requirements of the GPLv2 license, but some drivers necessary for the operation of the device may not be available, and must, therefore, be recreated.[41][25] Examples include GPU drivers such as Lima, which has a proprietary equivalent in userspace on Android that is not subject to the GPLv2 requirements.

Only the PinePhone[42] and few others devices seems to have the camera working. It's in WIP for the Fairphone.

Voice Over LTE (VoLTE) and Voice over Wifi (Vowifi) support[edit]

OnePlus6 is WIP for Volte support.[43]

Supported Device List[edit]

postmarketOS is supported by various Devices. [44]

Code Meaning Y Yes, fully implemented P Partially implemented N Not working yet Untested - Not applicable -- device does not have feature Device Codename Architecture Release year Category Chipset CPU GPU Type USB Net Flashing Touch Screen WiFi FDE Battery 3D IMU Audio Bluetooth Camera GPS Mobile Data SMS Calls USB-OTG NFC QEMU amd64 qemu-amd64 x86_64 2003 Main QEMU Standard PC QEMU Virtual Virgil 3D Emulator Y Y - Y - - - - - - - - - QEMU aarch64 qemu-aarch64 aarch64 2003 Main QEMU ARM Virtual Machine QEMU ARM Cortex-A57 Virgil 3D Emulator Y Y - Y - - - - - - - - - QEMU ppc64le qemu-ppc64le ppc64le 2003 Main QEMU PPC64 Virtual Machine QEMU POWER10 Virgil 3D Emulator Y Y - Y - - - - - - - - - QEMU riscv64 qemu-riscv64 riscv64 2003 Main QEMU RISCV64 Virtual Machine QEMU Virgil 3D Emulator Y Y - Y - - - - - - - - - Xiaomi Redmi Note 4 / 4X xiaomi-mido aarch64 2017 Community Qualcomm MSM8953 Snapdragon 625 (14 nm) Octa-core 2.0 GHz Cortex-A53 Adreno 506 Smartphone Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y P P P Y Y Y - Xiaomi Redmi S2 / Redmi Y2 xiaomi-ysl aarch64 2018 Community Qualcomm MSM8953 Snapdragon 625 (14 nm) Octa-core 2.0 GHz Cortex-A53 Adreno 506 Smartphone Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y P P P Y Y Y - Xiaomi Redmi 5 Plus xiaomi-vince aarch64 2017 Community Qualcomm MSM8953 Snapdragon 625 (14 nm) Octa-core 2.0 GHz Cortex-A53 Adreno 506 Smartphone Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y P Y P P P Y P Y - Xiaomi Redmi 4 Prime xiaomi-markw aarch64 2016 Community Qualcomm MSM8953 Snapdragon 625 (14 nm) Octa-core 2.0 GHz Cortex-A53 Adreno 506 Smartphone Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y P Y P P P Y Y Y - Xiaomi Redmi 2 xiaomi-wt88047 aarch64 2015 Community Qualcomm MSM8916 Snapdragon 410 (28 nm) Quad-core 1.2 GHz Cortex-A53 Adreno 306 Smartphone Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y N Y Y Y Y Y - Xiaomi Pocophone F1 / POCO F1 xiaomi-beryllium aarch64 2018 Community Qualcomm SDM845 Snapdragon 845 (10 nm) Octa-core (4x2.8 GHz Kryo 385 Gold & 4x1.8 GHz Kryo 385 Silver) Adreno 630 Smartphone Y Y Y Y P Y P Y Y Y Y P P P P P N - Xiaomi POCO X3 NFC xiaomi-surya aarch64 2020 Community Qualcomm SM7150-AC Snapdragon 732G (8 nm) Octa-core (2x2.3 GHz Kryo 470 Gold & 6x1.8 GHz Kryo 470 Silver) Adreno 618 Smartphone Y Y Y Y Y Y P Y Y P Y N N Y Y Y Y Y Xiaomi Mi Note 2 xiaomi-scorpio aarch64 2016 Community Qualcomm MSM8996 Snapdragon 821 (14 nm) Quad-core (2x2.35 GHz Kryo & 2x1.6 GHz Kryo) Adreno 530 Smartphone Y Y Y Y Y P P Y N P Y P N N P N Y Y Xiaomi Mi A2 Lite xiaomi-daisy aarch64 2018 Community Qualcomm MSM8953 Snapdragon 625 (14 nm) Octa-core 2.0 GHz Cortex-A53 Adreno 506 Smartphone Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y P P P Y P Y - Xiaomi Mi A1 xiaomi-tissot aarch64 2017 Community Qualcomm MSM8953 Snapdragon 625 (14 nm) Octa-core 2.0 GHz Cortex-A53 Adreno 506 Smartphone Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y N P P Y P Y - Xiaomi Mi 9T / Redmi K20 xiaomi-davinci aarch64 2019 Community Qualcomm SDM730 Snapdragon 730 (8 nm) Octa-core (2x2.2 GHz Kryo 470 Gold & 6x1.8 GHz Kryo 470 Silver) Adreno 618 Smartphone Y Y Y Y Y Y P Y Y P Y P P Y Y Y Y P Wileyfox Swift wileyfox-crackling aarch64 2015 Community Qualcomm Snapdragon 410 (MSM8916) Quad-core Cortex-A53 1.2 GHz Adreno 306 Smartphone Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y N Y Y Y Y P - SHIFT SHIFT6mq shift-axolotl aarch64 2020 Community Qualcomm Snapdragon 845 (SDM845) Octa-core (4x 2.8 GHz Kryo 385 Gold

4x 1.7 GHz Kryo 385 Silver)

Adreno 630 Smartphone Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y N N Y Y Y N N Samsung Galaxy S4 Mini Value Edition samsung-serranove armv7 2015 Community Qualcomm Snapdragon 410 (MSM8916) 4x 1.2 GHz Cortex-A53 Adreno 306 Smartphone Y Y Y Y Y Y Y P - Y Y N Y Y Y Y - - Samsung Galaxy S III samsung-m0 armv7 2012 Community Samsung Exynos 4412 Quad Quad-core 1.4 GHz Cortex-A9 Mali 400 MP4 Smartphone P Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y P P P N N N N Y - Samsung Galaxy Grand Max samsung-grandmax armv7 2015 Community Qualcomm Snapdragon 410 (MSM8916) 4x 1.2 GHz Cortex-A53 Adreno 306 Smartphone Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y P Y Y N Y Y Y Y - Samsung Galaxy E7 samsung-e7 armv7 2015 Community Qualcomm Snapdragon 410 (MSM8916) 4x 1.2 GHz Cortex-A53 Adreno 306 Smartphone Y Y Y P Y Y Y Y P Y Y N Y Y Y Y Y Samsung Galaxy Core Prime VE LTE samsung-coreprimevelte aarch64 2014 Community Marvell PXA1908 4x 1.2 GHz Cortex-A53 Vivante GC7000UL Smartphone Y Y Y P P Y N N N N P N N N N N N N Samsung Galaxy A5 samsung-a5 aarch64 2014 Community Qualcomm Snapdragon 410 (MSM8916) 4x 1.2 GHz Cortex-A53 Adreno 306 Smartphone Y Y Y P Y Y Y Y Y Y Y N Y Y Y Y Y Y Samsung Galaxy A3 (2015) samsung-a3 aarch64 2014 Community Qualcomm Snapdragon 410 (MSM8916) 1.2 GHz Quad ARM Cortex-A53 Adreno A306 Smartphone Y Y Y P Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Purism Librem 5 purism-librem5 aarch64 2020 Community NXP i.MX8MQ 4x 1.5 GHz Cortex-A53 Vivante GC7000Lite Smartphone Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y P Y Y Y Y Y - PINE64 PinePhone Pro pine64-pinephonepro aarch64 2021 Community Rockchip RK3399S 4x 1.5 GHz Cortex-A53

2x 2Ghz Cortex-A72

Mali-T860 MP4 Smartphone Y - Y Y Y Y P Y Y Y Y P Y Y P P N - PINE64 PinePhone pine64-pinephone aarch64 2020 Community Allwinner A64 4x 1152 MHz Cortex-A53 Mali-400 MP2 Smartphone Y - Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y P Y Y Y Y Y - OnePlus 6T oneplus-fajita aarch64 2018 Community Qualcomm Snapdragon 845 (SDM845) Octa-core (4x 2.8 GHz Kryo 385 Gold

4x 1.7 GHz Kryo 385 Silver)

Adreno 630 Smartphone Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y P Y P P Y Y P P P OnePlus 6 oneplus-enchilada aarch64 2018 Community Qualcomm Snapdragon 845 (SDM845) Octa-core (4x 2.8 GHz Kryo 385 Gold

4x 1.7 GHz Kryo 385 Silver)

Adreno 630 Smartphone Y Y Y Y P Y Y Y Y Y Y P P P P P P P Motorola Moto G4 Play motorola-harpia aarch64 2016 Community Qualcomm Snapdragon 410 (MSM8916) Quad-core 1.21 GHz Cortex-A53 Adreno 306 Smartphone Y Y Y Y Y Y P Y Y Y Y N Y Y Y Y P LG Optimus Vu lg-p895 armv7 2012 Community Nvidia Tegra 3 (AP33) Quad-core 1.5 GHz Cortex-A9 NVIDIA ULP GeForce GPU 12 cores Smartphone Y Y Y Y Y Y Y P Y Y Y P Y Lenovo A6010 lenovo-a6010 aarch64 2015 Community Qualcomm Snapdragon 410 (MSM8916) Quad-core 1.2 GHz Cortex-A53 Adreno 306 Smartphone Y Y Y Y Y Y P Y Y Y Y Y Y Y P - Lenovo A6000 lenovo-a6000 aarch64 2015 Community Qualcomm Snapdragon 410 (MSM8916) Quad-core 1.2 GHz Cortex-A53 Adreno 306 Smartphone Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y - - Google Pixel 3a google-sargo aarch64 2019 Community Qualcomm Snapdragon 670 (SDM670) Octa-core (2x2.0 GHz 360 Gold

6x1.7 GHz Kryo 360 Silver)

Adreno 615 Smartphone Y Y Y Y P Y P Y Y P Y P P Y Y P N P Fairphone 4 fairphone-fp4 aarch64 2021 Community Qualcomm Snapdragon 750G (SM7225) Octa-core Kryo 570 Adreno 619 Smartphone Y Y Y Y Y Y N Y Y N Y N N Y Y P Y N BQ Aquaris X5 bq-paella aarch64 2015 Community Qualcomm Snapdragon 412 (MSM8916v2) Quad-core 1.4 GHz Cortex-A53 Adreno 306 Smartphone Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y - Xiaomi Redmi Note 8 xiaomi-ginkgo aarch64 2019 Testing Qualcomm SDM665 Snapdragon 665 (11 nm) Octa-core (4x2.0 GHz Kryo 260 Gold & 4x1.8 GHz Kryo 260 Silver) Adreno 610 Smartphone P Y N Y N Y N N N N Y -
  1. ^ . 23 December 2024 https://postmarketos.org/blog/2024/12/23/v24.12-release/. Retrieved 23 December 2024.
  2. ^ "edge/generic-x86_64 - postmarketOS // Official Images". images.postmarketos.org. Retrieved 2024-11-22.
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  6. ^ DistroWatch. "DistroWatch.com: Put the fun back into computing. Use Linux, BSD". distrowatch.com.
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  8. ^ "postmarketOS is #movingtogitlab". postmarketos.org.
  9. ^ "Get Plasma Mobile". plasma-mobile.org.
  10. ^ Shah, Bhushan (20 November 2017). "14:00 Plasma Mobile". Akademy 2017.
  11. ^ Verma, Adarsh (2 January 2018). "postmarketOS--A Linux Distro For Smartphones--Now runs Plasma/Lune UI/Xfce On Real Devices".
  12. ^ "600 days of postmarketOS".
  13. ^ "User talk:Docker - postmarketOS". wiki.postmarketos.org. Retrieved 2020-11-18.
  14. ^ "Linux-based postmarketOS project aims to give smartphones a 10-year lifecycle". Linux Today. 2017-08-17. Archived from the original on 2019-04-04. Retrieved 2018-01-29.
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  16. ^ "PostmarketOS: Linux for phones and more [LWN.net]". lwn.net. Retrieved 2024-07-13.
  17. ^ a b "219 days of postmarketOS". postmarketos.org.
  18. ^ Brown, Eric (29 September 2017). "New mobile Linux contenders keep the dream alive".
  19. ^ "postmarketOS // in 2020-02". postmarketos.org. Retrieved 2020-04-07.
  20. ^ "Anbox - postmarketOS".
  21. ^ "Librem 5 Leads New Wave of Open Source Mobile Linux Contenders | Linux.com | The source for Linux information". Linux.com. 2017-09-29. Retrieved 2018-01-29.
  22. ^ "postmarketOS is a Touch-Optimized Linux Distro for Portable Devices". Xda-developers.com. 2017-09-05. Retrieved 2018-01-29.
  23. ^ Proven, Liam (11 March 2024). "Linux for older phones postmarketOS changes its init system". The Register. Retrieved 24 June 2024.
  24. ^ "postmarketOS // State of postmarketOS". postmarketOS. Archived from the original on 6 March 2025. Retrieved 24 March 2025.
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  26. ^ "pmbootstrap: Sophisticated chroot/build/flash tool to develop and install postmarketOS". postmarketOS. 2018-01-27. Retrieved 2018-01-27.
  27. ^ "Mobile - Debian Wiki". Wiki.debian.org. 2017-12-31. Retrieved 2018-01-29.
  28. ^ "SDL2 On-screen Keyboard". postmarketOS. 2017-12-31. Retrieved 2018-01-27.
  29. ^ "SDL2 charging application for the initramfs". postmarketOS. 2017-12-23. Retrieved 2018-01-27.
  30. ^ "Supported devices". 16 May 2020.
  31. ^ "postmarketOS now boots on over 200 phones and tablets". 16 May 2020.
  32. ^ "Why Mobile Linux Fails - Datamation". www.datamation.com. 11 September 2017.
  33. ^ "Weekly Linux News – January 2, 2018 Lunduke.com". Archived from the original on April 20, 2018. Retrieved January 29, 2018.
  34. ^ "Telefonni revoluce se blizi | OpenAlt 2017 - video zц║znamy a slajdy". Superlectures.com. 2017-11-05. Retrieved 2018-01-29.
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  37. ^ "postmarketOS is finally coming to wearables". TuxPhones. 3 May 2021. Retrieved 7 May 2021.
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  44. ^ "Devices - postmarketOS Wiki". wiki.postmarketos.org. Retrieved 2025-05-02.

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