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List of official languages - Wikipedia

Toggle the table of contents List of official languages

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

This is a list of official, or otherwise administratively-recognized, languages of sovereign countries, regions, and supra-national institutions. The article also lists lots of languages which have no administrative mandate as an official language, generally describing these as de facto official languages.

Official languages of sovereign countries, wholly or partly[edit]

Abkhaz:

Afar:

Afrikaans:

Aja-Gbe:

Albanian:

Akuapem Twi:

Amharic:

Anii:

Arabic (see also List of countries where Arabic is an official language):

Araona:

Armenian:

Asante Twi:

Assamese:

Aymara:

Ayoreo (Zamuco):

Azerbaijani:

Balanta:

Bambara:

Bariba:

Basque:

Bassari:

Baure:

Bedik:

Belarusian:

Bengali:

Berber:

Biali:

Bislama:

Boko:

Bomu:

Bosnian:

Bozo:

Buduma:

Bulgarian:

Burmese:

Canichana:

Cantonese:

Carolinian:

Catalan:

Cavineña:

Cayubaba:

Chácobo:

Chamorro:

Chichewa:

Chimané:

Chinese, Mandarin:

Chipewyan:

Chirbawe (Sena):

Comorian:

Corsican:

Cree:

Croatian:

Czech:

Dagaare:

Dagbani:

Dangme:

Danish:

Dari:

Dendi:

Dhivehi:

Dioula:

Dogon:

Dutch:

sole official language in:
co-official language in:

Dzongkha:

English (see also List of countries where English is an official language):

Ese Ejja:

Estonian:

Ewe-Gbe:

Fante:

Faroese:

Fijian:

Filipino:

Finnish:

Fon-Gbe:

Foodo:

Formosan:

French (see also List of countries where French is an official language):

sole official language in:
co-official language in:
Official language in:

Fula:

Ga:

Gàidhlig:

Gbe:

Gen-Gbe:

Georgian:

German:

sole official language in:
Official language in 21 cantons:

Gonja:

Gourmanché:

Greek:

Guaraní:

Guarayu:

Gujarati:

Gwichʼin:

Haitian Creole:

Hakka:

Hassaniya:

Hausa:

Hebrew:

Hindi:

Hiri Motu:

Hungarian:

Igbo:

Ignaciano Moxos:

Icelandic:

Indonesian:

Inuinnaqtun:

Inuit:

Inuktitut:

Inuvialuktun:

Irish:

Italian:

Official language in:

Itene:

Itonama:

Japanese:

Javanese:

Jèrriais:

Jola:

Kabye:

Kalanga:

Kallawaya:

Kannada:

Kanuri:

Kasem:

Kazakh:

Khmer:

Kinyarwanda:

Kirundi:

Kissi:

Koisan (Tshuwau):

Korean:

Korean Sign Language:

Kpelle:

Kurdish:

Kyrgyz:

Lao:

Latin:

Latvian:

Leco:

Lithuanian:

Lukpa:

Luxembourgish:

Macedonian:

Malagasy:

Malay:

Malinke:

Maltese:

Mamara:

Manding (Mandinka, Malinke):

Mandinka:

Mandjak:

Mankanya:

Manx Gaelic:

Māori:

Marshallese:

Mauritian Creole:

Mbelime:

Meitei (officially known as Manipuri):

Mongolian:

Montenegrin:

Mosetén:

Mossi:

Movima:

Nambya:

Nateni:

Nauruan:

Navajo:

Ndau:

Ndebele (Northern):

Ndebele (Southern):

Nepali:

New Zealand Sign Language:

Noon:

North Slavey:

Northern Sotho:

Norwegian:

Nzema:

Oniyan:

Oriya:

Oromo:

Ossetian:

Pakawara:

Palauan:

Papiamento:

Pashto:

Persian:

Polish:

Portuguese:

Punjabi:

Puquina:

Quechua:

Romanian:

Romansh:

Russian:

Safen:

Samoan:

Sango:

Sena:

Scots:

Serbian:

Serer:

Seychellois Creole:

Shona:

Sinhala:

Sioux:

Sirionó:

Slovak:

Slovene:

Somali:

Songhay-Zarma:

Soninke:

Sonsorolese:

Sotho:

South African Sign Language:

South Slavey:

Spanish:

Susu:

Swahili:

Swati:

Swedish:

Syenara:

Tacana:

Taiwan Sign Language:

Taiwanese Hokkien:

Tajik:

Tagalog:

Tapieté:

Tamasheq:

Tamil:

Tammari:

Tasawaq:

Tebu:

Telugu:

Tetum:

Thai:

Tigrinya:

Tłı̨chǫ:

Tobian:

Tok Pisin:

Toma:

Tonga:

Tongan:

Toromono:

Trinitario Moxos:

Tsonga:

Tswana:

Turkish:

Turkmen:

Tuvaluan:

Ukrainian:

Urdu:

Uru-Chipaya:

Uzbek:

Venda:

Vietnamese:

Waama:

Waci-Gbe:

Wamey:

Weenhayek:

Welsh:

Wolof:

Xhosa:

Xwela-Gbe:

Yaminawa:

Yobe:

Yom:

Yoruba:

Yuki:

Yuracaré:

Zimbabwean sign language:

Zulu:

List of languages by the number of countries in which they are the most widely used[edit]

This is a ranking of languages by number of sovereign countries in which they are de jure or de facto official, co-official, an administrative or working language.[74]

List of languages by number of countries in which they are the official language[edit]

This is a ranking of languages by number of sovereign countries in which they are de jure or de facto official, although there are no precise inclusion criteria or definition of a language. An '*' (asterisk) indicates a country whose independence is disputed.

Partially recognized or de facto independent countries are denoted by an asterisk (*)

Language World Africa Americas Asia Europe Oceania Countries English 58 23 14 4 3 14 United States, [b] United Kingdom, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, Ireland, South Africa, India, Nigeria (See the full list)[75] French 26 18 2 – 5 1 France, Canada, Belgium, Switzerland, Madagascar, Monaco, Haiti, Vanuatu (See the full list) Arabic 23–26* 12–14* – 11–12* – – Egypt, Sudan, Algeria, Iraq, Morocco, Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates, Palestine* (See the full list) Spanish 20 1 18 – 1 – Spain, Colombia, Argentina, Mexico (See the full list)[76] Portuguese 9 6 1 1 1 – Portugal, Brazil, Mozambique, Angola, East Timor (See the full list) German 6 – – – 6 – Germany, Austria, Switzerland, Belgium, Luxembourg, Liechtenstein (See the full list) Russian 5–8* – – 3 2–5* – Russia, Kazakhstan, Belarus, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Abkhazia*, South Ossetia*, Transnistria*. (See the full list) Swahili 5 5 – – – – Democratic Republic of the Congo, Kenya, Rwanda, Tanzania, Uganda Serbo-Croatian 4–5* – – – 4–5* – Serbia (known as Serbian), Croatia (known as Croatian), Montenegro (known as Montenegrin), Bosnia and Herzegovina (known as Bosnian, Croatian and Serbian), Kosovo* (known as Serbian) Italian 4 – – – 4 – Italy, Switzerland, San Marino, Vatican City Malay 4 – – 4 – – Malaysia (known as Malaysian), Indonesia (known as Indonesian), Singapore, Brunei Dutch 3 – 1 – 2 – Netherlands, Belgium, Suriname Persian 3 – – 3 – – Iran, Afghanistan (known as Dari), Tajikistan (known as Tajik) Sotho 3 3 – – – – South Africa, Lesotho, Zimbabwe Tswana 3 3 – – – – Botswana, South Africa, Zimbabwe Albanian 2–3* – – – 2–3* – Albania, Kosovo*, North Macedonia Standard Chinese 2–3* – – 2–3* – – China, Singapore, Taiwan* Romanian 2–3* – – – 2-3* – Romania, Moldova, Transnistria* Somali 2–3* 2–3* – – – – Somalia, Ethiopia, and Somaliland* Turkish 2–3* – – – 2–3* – Turkey, Northern Cyprus* and Cyprus Aymara 2 – 2 – – – Bolivia and Peru Berber 2 2 – – – – Algeria and Morocco Chichewa 2 2 – – – – Malawi and Zimbabwe Greek 2 – – – 2 – Greece and Cyprus Guarani 2 – 2 – – – Paraguay and Bolivia Hindi 2 – – 2 – – India, Fiji Quechua 2 – 2 – – – Bolivia and Peru Korean 2 – – 2 – – North Korea and South Korea Kurdish 2 – – 2 – – Iraq and Armenia Rwanda-Rundi 2 2 – – – – Burundi (known as Kirundi) & Rwanda (known as Kinyarwanda) Swati 2 2 – – – – Eswatini (Swaziland) and South Africa Swedish 2 – – – 2 – Sweden and Finland Tamil 2 – – 2 – – Sri Lanka and Singapore Tigrinya 2 2 – – – – Eritrea and Ethiopia Venda 2 2 – – – – South Africa and Zimbabwe Official regional and minority languages[edit]

Abaza:

Adyghe:

Aghul:

Aklanon:

Albanian:

Altay:

Arabic:

Aranese see Occitan

Armenian:

Aromanian:

Assamese:

Avar:

Azeri:

Balkar:

Bashkir:

Basque:

Bengali:

Bikol:

Bosnian:

Buryat:

Cantonese Chinese:

Catalan:

Cebuano:

Chavacano:

Chechen:

Cherkess:

Cherokee:

Chipewyan:

Chukchi:

Chuvash:

Cree:

Crimean Tatar

Croatian:

Dargwa:

Dolgan:

Dutch:

English:

Erzya:

Even:

Evenki:

Faroese:

Finnish:

French:

Frisian (West):

Friulian:

Gagauz:

Galician:

German:

Greek:

Guaraní:

Gujarati:

Gwich'in:

Hawaiian:

Hiligaynon:

Hindi:

Hungarian:

Ibanag:

Ilocano:

Ingush:

Inuinnaqtun:

Inuktitut:

Inuvialuktun:

Irish:

Italian:

Ivatan:

Japanese:

Kabardian:

Kalaallisut:

Kalmyk:

Kannada:

Kapampangan:

Karachay:

Karelian:

Kashmiri:

Kazakh:

Khakas:

Khanty:

Kinaray-a:

Komi:

Komi-Permyak:

Korean:

Kumyk:

Kyrgyz:

Lak:

Lezgian:

Macedonian

Maguindanao:

Malayalam:

Mansi:

Maranao:

Marathi:

Mari (Hill and Meadow):

Mayan:

Meitei (officially known as Manipuri):

Mi'kmaq:

Moksha:

Mongolian:

Náhuatl:

Nenets:

Nepali:

Nogai:

Occitan:

Odia:

Ossetic (Digor and Iron dialects):

Pangasinan:

Portuguese:

Punjabi:

Romanian:

Russian. Russian is fixed as a state language in the Constitutions of the republics of the Russian Federation:

Rusyn:

Rutul:

Sakha:

Sambal:

Sami:

Sanskrit:

Saraiki

Sarikoli:

Selkup:

Serbian:

Sindhi:

North and South Slavey:

Slovak:

Slovene:

Spanish:

Surigaonon:

Tabasaran:

Tagalog:

Tahitian:

Tamil:

Tat:

Tatar:

Tausug:

Telugu:

Tibetan:

Tłįchǫ:

Tsakhur:

Tswana:

Turkish:

Tuvan:

Udmurt:

Urdu:

Uyghur:

Veps:

Vietnamese:

Waray:

Welsh:

Yakan:

Yiddish:

Yukaghir:

Zhuang:

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