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Plain knit fabric
Single jersey front side under microscopeJersey is a knit fabric used predominantly for clothing manufacture. It was originally made of wool, but is now made of wool, cotton and synthetic fibers.
Jersey fabric originated in the Channel Islands, particularly on the island of Jersey, where it was traditionally used for underwear and sweaters for fishermen. This versatile fabric has historical roots dating back to the Middle Ages, when Jersey was a significant exporter of knitted goods.[1] The name "Jersey" likely has roots in English and Old Norse, meaning "island," which reflects its geographic and historical origins.[2]
Jersey fabric was originally made from wool, but it has since evolved to include cotton and synthetic blends, with common ratios being 50/50 or 60/40. These blends affect the fabric's durability and comfort, making it widely used in clothing items such as T-shirts and underwear. Today, jersey fabric is prized for its lightweight and stretchy qualities and is often made from materials like rayon or viscose, which provide a soft texture and excellent drape.[3] Many modern versions of jersey fabric incorporate Lycra, spandex, or elastane to enhance stretchability.[4]
Jersey is a knitting method that produces a unique and versatile material. This knitting technique involves creating a lightweight and stretchy fabric by interlocking yarns in a series of loops. The result is jersey fabric, which is particularly well-suited for a variety of comfortable garments, such as T-shirts, dresses, and sportswear.[3]
Knitting techniques[edit]Jersey fabric is a versatile material created through a specific knitting technique, commonly used for various garments. The fabric can be a stretchy single-knit jersey, usually lightweight, with one flat side and one piled side, making it ideal for comfortable clothing like T-shirts.[5] When made as a double-knit (or interlock jersey), jersey fabric has less stretch and is heavier, with two layers of single jerseys knit together to create a fabric with flat sides on the exterior and piles in the center.[5] This type of knit is often used for polo shirts, especially those made from pima cotton, and is considered an elegant alternative to piqué.
Knitting techniques vary, with two primary styles being the English method and the Continental method. The English method, also known as "throwing," involves holding the yarn in the right hand, while the Continental method, where the yarn is held in the left hand, can facilitate faster knitting. In the UK, the English method is common, whereas the Continental approach is favored in Germany and Scandinavia, known for intricate patterns like Fair Isle and Norwegian knitting techniques. In North America, both methods are widely used.[6]
Jersey fabrics can be classified as follows:
Jersey is a weft knit fabric that is knitted on a single set of needles with all loops meshing in the same direction.[7] By and large, it is knitted in plain stitch.[8] It is also called plain.[7] On the other hand, the double jersey is knit using two sets of needles, does not curl at the edges (when cut) and has a more stable structure.[8] Although it is an ideal base layer material, jersey fabric lacks the insulation and durability of some other textiles.[9]
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