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Comune in Tuscany, Italy
Civitella in Val di Chiana
Comune di Civitella in Val di ChianaCoat of arms
Location of Civitella in Val di Chiana
Civitella in Val di Chiana
Location of Civitella in Val di Chiana in Italy
Show map of ItalyCivitella in Val di Chiana
Civitella in Val di Chiana (Tuscany)
Show map of Tuscany Coordinates: 43°25′N 11°43′E / 43.417°N 11.717°E / 43.417; 11.717 Country Italy Region Tuscany Province Arezzo (AR) Frazioni Albergo, Badia al Pino (communal seat), Ciggiano, Oliveto, Pieve a Maiano, Pieve al Toppo, San Pancrazio, Spoiano, Tegoleto, Tuori, Viciomaggio. • Mayor Ginetta Menchetti• Total
100.37 km2 (38.75 sq mi) Elevation 280 m (920 ft)• Total
9,091 • Density 91/km2 (230/sq mi) Demonym Civitellini Time zone UTC+1 (CET) • Summer (DST) UTC+2 (CEST) Postal code52040
Dialing code 0575 Saint day August 24 Website Official websiteCivitella in Val di Chiana (official name), often also Civitella di Val di Chiana, is a comune in the province of Arezzo, south of Arezzo in Tuscany, Italy. It is one of the best-preserved of the network of Lombard fortresses of the 6th and the 7th century in central Italy, strategically placed to control the whole territory. The characteristic elliptical shape of the military settlements can still be seen in the layout of the town walls.
The village of Civitella di Val di Chiana from the castleAlready inhabited in Roman times, it was occupied and fortified by the Lombards in the 6th century. In the 11th century it became a possession of the Bishops of Arezzo, and renamed "Civitella del Vescovo" ("Little Bishop's City"). In the 13th century the city was destroyed after the battle of Pieve al Toppo, cited by Dante Alighieri and fought nearby between Arezzo and Siena. After the Aretine defeat at Campaldino (1289) the city was annexed by Florence. In 1311 Arezzo regained it, holding until 1348, whenceforth it remained the seat of a Florentine podestà. Civitella enjoys one of the most scenic views of the Arezzo valley.
On 29 June 1944, 244 citizens[3] of Civitella were massacred by soldiers of the Hermann Göring Division, in retaliation for the killing of two German soldiers at the hands of partisans. In 1963, the city received the Gold Medal for Civilian Valour. A book by Enzo Gradassi about Helga Elmqvist [sv] (the Swede) and Giovanni Cau, recounts the historic events that led to the massacre.
The city council has also opened a room of memories.
On 10 October 2006, SS Max Josef Milde was convicted by the Italian military court of La Spezia for his role in the Civitella massacre. The Italian Court of Cassation in October 2008 ruled that Germany was to pay one million dollars to 203 victims of the massacre.[4] However, the International Court of Justice later ruled that Italy was required to void the judgment out of respect for Germany's state immunity.
The town's cemetery is the resting place of the Scottish writer Muriel Spark.
Civitella in Val di Chiana is twinned with:
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