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Showing content from https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/language/../named_req/Predicate.html below:

C++ named requirements: Predicate - cppreference.com

The Predicate requirements describe a callable that returns a BooleanTestable value.

Predicate is typically used with algorithms that take input data (individual objects/containers) and a predicate, which is then called on input data to decide on further course of action. Some examples of predicate usage in C++ standard library are:

• std::all_of, std::any_of, std::none_of Take an array of elements and a predicate as an input. Call predicate on individual input elements, and return true if for all/any/none elements, predicate returns true.

• std::find_if Take sequence of elements, and a predicate. Return first element in the sequence, for which predicate returns value equal to true.

Description of algorithm facilities, given above, is crude and intended to explain Predicate in simple terms. For detailed info, refer to individual pages.

In other words, if an algorithm takes a Predicate pred and an iterator first, it should be able to test the object of the type pointed to by the iterator first using the given predicate via a construct like if (pred(*first)) { /*...*/ }.

The function object pred shall not apply any non-constant function through the dereferenced iterator and must accept a const argument, with the same behavior regardless of whether the argument is const or non-const. This function object may be a pointer to function or an object of a type with an appropriate function call operator.

• FunctionObject

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