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Showing content from https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/language/../named_req/../io/basic_ios/exceptions.html below:

std::basic_ios<CharT,Traits>::exceptions - cppreference.com

Gets and sets the exception mask of the stream. The exception mask determines which error states trigger exceptions of type failure.

1) Returns the exception mask.

2) Sets the exception mask to except. If the stream has an error state covered by the exception mask when called, an exception is immediately triggered.

1) The current exception mask.

2) (none)

#include <fstream>
#include <iostream>
 
int main() 
{
    int ivalue;
    try
    {
        std::ifstream in("in.txt");
        in.exceptions(std::ifstream::failbit); // may throw
        in >> ivalue; // may throw
    }
    catch (const std::ios_base::failure& fail)
    {
        // handle exception here
        std::cout << fail.what() << '\n';
    }
}

Possible output:

basic_ios::clear: iostream error

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