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Showing content from https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/language/../keyword/../io/basic_ios/rdbuf.html below:

std::basic_ios<CharT,Traits>::rdbuf - cppreference.com

Manages the associated stream buffer.

1) Returns the associated stream buffer. If there is no associated stream buffer, returns a null pointer.

Sets the associated stream buffer to

. The error state is cleared by calling

. Returns the associated stream buffer before the operation. If there is no associated stream buffer, returns a null pointer.

The associated stream buffer, or a null pointer if there was no associated stream buffer.

May throw implementation-defined exceptions.

#include <iostream>
#include <sstream>
 
int main()
{
    std::ostringstream local;
    auto cout_buff = std::cout.rdbuf(); // save pointer to std::cout buffer
 
    std::cout.rdbuf(local.rdbuf()); // substitute internal std::cout buffer with
                                    // buffer of 'local' object
 
    // now std::cout work with 'local' buffer
    // you don't see this message
    std::cout << "some message";
 
    // go back to old buffer
    std::cout.rdbuf(cout_buff);
 
    // you will see this message
    std::cout << "back to default buffer\n";
 
    // print 'local' content
    std::cout << "local content: " << local.str() << "\n";
}

Output:

back to default buffer
local content: some message

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