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Showing content from https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/language/../io/c/fclose.html below:

std::fclose - cppreference.com

Closes the given file stream and writes any unwritten data from stream's buffer to the associated output device. Any unread buffered data are discarded.

Whether or not the operation succeeds, the stream is no longer associated with a file, and the buffer allocated by std::setbuf or std::setvbuf, if any, is also disassociated and deallocated if automatic allocation was used.

If any data are written to an output device, returning from std::fclose establishes an observable checkpoint.

(since C++26)

The behavior is undefined if the value of the pointer stream is used after std::fclose returns.

[edit] Parameters stream - the file stream to close [edit] Return value

​0​ on success, EOF otherwise.

[edit] Example

Output:

End of file reached successfully
[edit] See also opens a file
(function) [edit] open an existing stream with a different name
(function) [edit] flushes the put area buffer and closes the associated file
(public member function of std::basic_filebuf<CharT,Traits>) [edit]

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