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Showing content from https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/language/../header/../utility/functional/bad_function_call.html below:

std::bad_function_call - cppreference.com

std::bad_function_call is the type of the exception thrown by std::function::operator() if the function wrapper has no target.

Inheritance diagram

[edit] Member functions constructs a new bad_function_call object
(public member function) replaces the bad_function_call object
(public member function) returns the explanatory string
(public member function) std::bad_function_call::bad_function_call

bad_function_call() noexcept;

(1) (since C++11)

bad_function_call( const bad_function_call& other ) noexcept;

(2) (since C++11)

Constructs a new bad_function_call object with an implementation-defined null-terminated byte string which is accessible through what().

1) Default constructor.

2)

Copy constructor. If

*this

and

other

both have dynamic type

std::bad_function_call

then

std::strcmp(what(), other.what()) == 0

Parameters other - another exception object to copy std::bad_function_call::operator=

bad_function_call& operator=( const bad_function_call& other ) noexcept;

(since C++11)

Assigns the contents with those of other. If *this and other both have dynamic type std::bad_function_call then std::strcmp(what(), other.what()) == 0 after assignment.

Parameters other - another exception object to assign with Return value

*this

std::bad_function_call::what

virtual const char* what() const noexcept;

(since C++11)

Returns the explanatory string.

Return value

Pointer to an implementation-defined null-terminated string with explanatory information. The string is suitable for conversion and display as a std::wstring. The pointer is guaranteed to be valid at least until the exception object from which it is obtained is destroyed, or until a non-const member function (e.g. copy assignment operator) on the exception object is called.

Notes

Implementations are allowed but not required to override what().

Inherited from std::exception Member functions destroys the exception object
(virtual public member function of std::exception) [edit] returns an explanatory string
(virtual public member function of std::exception) [edit] [edit] Example

#include <functional>
#include <iostream>
 
int main()
{
    std::function<int()> f = nullptr;
    try
    {
        f();
    }
    catch (const std::bad_function_call& e)
    {
        std::cout << e.what() << '\n';
    }
}

Possible output:

[edit] Defect reports

The following behavior-changing defect reports were applied retroactively to previously published C++ standards.

DR Applied to Behavior as published Correct behavior LWG 2233 C++11 what() always returned the same explanatory
string as std::exception::what() returns its own
explanatory string [edit] See also copyable wrapper of any copy constructible callable object
(class template) [edit]

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