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Showing content from https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/language/../error/error_code/../../ranges/../io/println.html below:

std::println - cppreference.com

template< class... Args > void println( std::format_string<Args...> fmt, Args&&... args ); (1) (since C++23) (2) (since C++23)

void println();

(3) (since C++26) (4) (since C++26)

Format args according to the format string fmt with appended '\n' (which means that each output ends with a new-line), and print the result to a stream.

1)

Equivalent to

std::println(stdout, fmt, std::forward<Args>(args)...)

2)

Equivalent to performing the following operations:

3) Equivalent to std::println(stdout).

If std::formatter<Ti, char> does not meet the BasicFormatter requirements for any Ti in Args (as required by std::make_format_args), the behavior is undefined.

[edit] Parameters stream - output file stream to write to fmt - an object that represents the format string. The format string consists of

ordinary characters (except { and }), which are copied unchanged to the output,
escape sequences {{ and }}, which are replaced with { and } respectively in the output, and
replacement fields.

Each replacement field has the following format:

{ arg-id (optional) } (1) { arg-id (optional) : format-spec } (2)

1) replacement field without a format specification

2) replacement field with a format specification

arg-id - specifies the index of the argument in args whose value is to be used for formatting; if it is omitted, the arguments are used in order.

The arg-id s in a format string must all be present or all be omitted. Mixing manual and automatic indexing is an error.

format-spec - the format specification defined by the std::formatter specialization for the corresponding argument. Cannot start with }.

For basic types and standard string types, the format specification is interpreted as standard format specification.
For chrono types, the format specification is interpreted as chrono format specification.

For other formattable types, the format specification is determined by user-defined formatter specializations.

args... - arguments to be formatted [edit] Exceptions

std::bad_alloc on allocation failure.
std::system_error, if writing to the stream fails.
Propagates any exception thrown by used formatters, e.g. std::format_error.

[edit] Notes

Although overloads (3,4) are added in C++26, all known implementations make them available in C++23 mode.

â Although P3107R5 is accepted as a DR, std::runtime_format is only available since C++26. As a result, the resolution cannot be applied in C++23.

[edit] Example

#include <print>
 
int main()
{
    // Each call to std::println ends with new-line
    std::println("Please"); // overload (1)
    std::println("enter"); // (1)
 
    std::print("pass");
    std::print("word");
 
    std::println(); // (3); valid since C++26; same effect as std::print("\n"); 
}

Output:

[edit] See also

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