none = /* unspecified */,
not_found = /* unspecified */,
regular = /* unspecified */,
directory = /* unspecified */,
symlink = /* unspecified */,
block = /* unspecified */,
character = /* unspecified */,
fifo = /* unspecified */,
socket = /* unspecified */,
unknown = /* unspecified */,
/* implementation-defined */
file_type defines constants that indicate a type of a file or directory a path refers to. The value of the enumerators are distinct.
none indicates that the file status has not been evaluated yet, or an error occurred when evaluating it not_found indicates that the file was not found (this is not considered an error) regular a regular file directory a directory symlink a symbolic link block a block special file character a character special file fifo a FIFO (also known as pipe) file socket a socket file unknown the file exists but its type could not be determined implementation-defined an additional implementation-defined constant for each additional file type supported by the implementation (e.g., MSVC STL defines junction for NTFS junctions) [edit] Example
#include <cstdio>
#include <cstring>
#include <filesystem>
#include <fstream>
#include <iostream>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <sys/un.h>
#include <unistd.h>
namespace fs = std::filesystem;
void demo_status(const fs::path& p, fs::file_status s)
{
std::cout << p;
switch (s.type())
{
case fs::file_type::none:
std::cout << " has `not-evaluated-yet` type";
break;
case fs::file_type::not_found:
std::cout << " does not exist";
break;
case fs::file_type::regular:
std::cout << " is a regular file";
break;
case fs::file_type::directory:
std::cout << " is a directory";
break;
case fs::file_type::symlink:
std::cout << " is a symlink";
break;
case fs::file_type::block:
std::cout << " is a block device";
break;
case fs::file_type::character:
std::cout << " is a character device";
break;
case fs::file_type::fifo:
std::cout << " is a named IPC pipe";
break;
case fs::file_type::socket:
std::cout << " is a named IPC socket";
break;
case fs::file_type::unknown:
std::cout << " has `unknown` type";
break;
default:
std::cout << " has `implementation-defined` type";
break;
}
std::cout << '\n';
}
int main()
{
// create files of different kinds
fs::create_directory("sandbox");
fs::create_directory("sandbox/dir");
std::ofstream{"sandbox/file"}; // create regular file
fs::create_symlink("file", "sandbox/symlink");
mkfifo("sandbox/pipe", 0644);
sockaddr_un addr;
addr.sun_family = AF_UNIX;
std::strcpy(addr.sun_path, "sandbox/sock");
int fd = socket(PF_UNIX, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
bind(fd, reinterpret_cast<sockaddr*>(&addr), sizeof addr);
// demo different status accessors
for (auto it{fs::directory_iterator("sandbox")}; it != fs::directory_iterator(); ++it)
demo_status(*it, it->symlink_status()); // use cached status from directory entry
demo_status("/dev/null", fs::status("/dev/null")); // direct calls to status
demo_status("/dev/sda", fs::status("/dev/sda"));
demo_status("sandbox/no", fs::status("/sandbox/no"));
// cleanup (prefer std::unique_ptr-based custom deleters)
close(fd);
fs::remove_all("sandbox");
}
Possible output:
"sandbox/file" is a regular file "sandbox/dir" is a directory "sandbox/pipe" is a named IPC pipe "sandbox/sock" is a named IPC socket "sandbox/symlink" is a symlink "/dev/null" is a character device "/dev/sda" is a block device "sandbox/no" does not exist[edit] See also represents file type and permissions
std::filesystem::directory_entry) [edit]
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