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C++11 - cppreference.com

C++11 is the second major version of C++ and the most important update since C++98. A large number of changes were introduced to both standardize existing practices and improve the abstractions available to the C++ programmers.

Before it was finally approved by ISO on 12 August 2011, the name 'C++0x' was used because it was expected to be published before 2010. It took 8 years between C++03 and C++11, so it has become the longest interval between versions so far. Since then, currently, C++ updates every 3 years regularly.

Following features were merged into C++11:

From TR1: all of TR1 except Special Functions.
From Boost: The thread library, exception_ptr, error_code and error_condition, iterator improvements (begin, end, next, prev)
From C: C-style Unicode conversion functions

[edit] Core language features

auto and decltype
defaulted and deleted functions
final and override
trailing return type
rvalue references
move constructors and move assignment operators
scoped enums
constexpr and literal types
list initialization
delegating and inherited constructors
brace-or-equal initializers
nullptr
long long
char16_t and char32_t
type aliases
variadic templates
generalized (non-trivial) unions
generalized PODs (trivial types and standard-layout types)
Unicode string literals
user-defined literals
attributes
lambda expressions
noexcept specifier and noexcept operator
alignof and alignas
multithreaded memory model
thread-local storage
GC interface (removed in C++23)
range-for (based on Boost library)
static_assert (based on Boost library)

[edit] Library features [edit]

[edit] Library features

concurrency support library
emplace() and other use of rvalue references throughout all parts of the existing library
std::unique_ptr
std::move_iterator
std::initializer_list
stateful and scoped allocators
std::forward_list
chrono library
ratio library
new algorithms:

std::all_of, std::any_of, std::none_of,
std::find_if_not,
std::copy_if, std::copy_n,
std::move, std::move_backward,
std::random_shuffle, std::shuffle,
std::is_partitioned, std::partition_copy, std::partition_point,
std::is_sorted, std::is_sorted_until,
std::is_heap, std::is_heap_until,
std::minmax, std::minmax_element,
std::is_permutation,
std::iota,
std::uninitialized_copy_n

Unicode conversion facets
std::function
std::exception_ptr
std::error_code and std::error_condition
iterator improvements:

Unicode conversion functions

[edit] Defect reports [edit] Compiler support [edit] C++11 core language features C++11 feature Paper(s)

GCC

Clang

MSVC

Apple Clang

EDG eccp

Intel C++

Nvidia HPC C++ (ex PGI)*

Nvidia nvcc

Cray

Embarcadero C++ Builder

IBM Open XL C++ for AIX

IBM Open XL C++ for z/OS

IBM XL C++

Sun/Oracle C++

HP aCC

Digital Mars C++

C99 preprocessor N1653 4.3 Yes 19.0 (2015)* (partial)*
19.26* Yes 4.1 11.1 2015 7.0 8.4 Yes 17.1.0 1.1.0 10.1 5.9 A.06.25 Yes static_assert (FTM)* N1720 4.3 2.9 16.0* Yes 4.1 11.0 2015 7.0 8.4 Yes 17.1.0 1.1.0 11.1 5.13 A.06.25 8.52 Right angle brackets N1757 4.3 Yes 14.0* Yes 4.1 11.0 2015 7.0 8.4 Yes 17.1.0 1.1.0 12.1 5.13 Extended friend declarations N1791 4.7 2.9 16.0* Yes 4.1 11.1 (partial)
12.0 2015 7.0 8.4 Yes 17.1.0 1.1.0 11.1 5.13 A.06.25 long long N1811 Yes Yes 14.0* Yes Yes Yes 2015 7.0 8.4 Yes 17.1.0 1.1.0 Yes Yes Yes Yes auto N1984 4.4 Yes 16.0* Yes 3.9 11.0 (partial)*
12.0 2015 7.0 8.4 Yes 17.1.0 1.1.0 11.1 5.13 A.06.25 Delegating constructors (FTM)* N1986 4.7 3.0 18.0* Yes 4.7 14.0 2015 7.0 8.4 Yes 17.1.0 1.1.0 11.1 5.13 A.06.28 extern template N1987 3.3 Yes 12.0* Yes 3.9 9.0 2015 7.0 8.4 Yes 17.1.0 1.1.0 11.1 5.13 A.06.25 constexpr (FTM)* N2235 4.6 3.1 19.0 (2015)* Yes 4.6 13.0 (partial)
14.0 2015 7.0 8.4 Yes 17.1.0 1.1.0 12.1 (partial)
13.1 5.13 A.06.28 char16_t and char32_t (FTM)* N2249 4.4 2.9 19.0 (2015)* Yes 4.4 12.1 (partial)*
14.0 2015 7.0 8.4 Yes 17.1.0 1.1.0 13.1.1* 5.13 A.06.27 8.52 Compiler support for type traits. N2255* N2255
N2984
N3142 4.3 (partial)*
4.8 (partial)*
5 3.0 14.0*
(partial)*
19.0 (2015)* Yes 4.0 10.0 2015 8.4 Yes 17.1.0 1.1.0 13.1.3 5.13 6.16 Template aliases (FTM)* N2258 4.7 3.0 18.0* Yes 4.2 12.1 2015 7.0 8.4 Yes 17.1.0 1.1.0 13.1.1* 5.13 A.06.27 alignas N2341 4.8 3.0 19.0 (2015)* Yes 4.8 15.0 2015 7.0 8.6 Yes 17.1.0 1.1.0 13.1.2* 5.13 alignof N2341 4.5 2.9 19.0 (2015)* Yes 4.8 15.0 2015 7.0 8.4 Yes 17.1.0 1.1.0 13.1.2* 5.13 Defaulted and deleted functions N2346 4.4 3.0 18.0* Yes 4.1 12.0 2015 7.0 8.4 Yes 17.1.0 1.1.0 13.1 5.13 A.06.25 Strongly-typed enum N2347 4.4 2.9 16.0* (partial)
17.0* Yes 4.0 13.0 2015 7.0 8.4 Yes 17.1.0 1.1.0 12.1 5.13 A.06.25 Atomic operations N2427 4.4 3.1 17.0* Yes Yes 13.0 2015 8.4 Yes 17.1.0 1.1.0 13.1.2* 5.14 nullptr N2431 4.6 2.9 16.0* Yes 4.2 12.1 2015 7.0 8.4 Yes 17.1.0 1.1.0 13.1 5.13 A.06.27 8.52 Explicit conversion operators N2437 4.5 3.0 18.0* Yes 4.4 13.0 2015 7.0 8.4 Yes 17.1.0 1.1.0 12.1 5.13 A.06.27 ref-qualifiers (FTM)* N2439 4.8.1 2.9 19.0 (2015)* Yes 4.7 14.0 2015 7.0 8.4 Yes 17.1.0 1.1.0 13.1.2* 5.13 A.06.28 Unicode string literals (FTM)* N2442 4.4 3.0 19.0 (2015)* Yes 4.7 11.0* 2015 7.0 8.4 Yes 17.1.0 1.1.0 10.1*
13.1.1* 5.7 A.06.28 8.52 Raw string literals (FTM)* N2442 4.5 Yes 18.0* Yes 4.7 14.0 2015 7.0 8.4 Yes 17.1.0 1.1.0 13.1.1, except AIX xlC 13.1.3* 5.13 A.06.28 8.52 Inline namespaces N2535 4.4 2.9 19.0 (2015)* Yes 4.5 14.0 2015 7.0 8.4 Yes 17.1.0 1.1.0 11.1 5.13 A.06.28 Inheriting constructors (FTM)* N2540 4.8 3.3 19.0 (2015)* Yes 4.8 15.0 2015 7.0 8.4 Yes 17.1.0 1.1.0 13.1.1* 5.13 Trailing function return types N2541 4.4 2.9 16.0* Yes 4.1 12.0 2015 7.0 8.4 Yes 17.1.0 1.1.0 12.1 5.13 A.06.27 Unrestricted unions N2544 4.6 3.0 19.0 (2015)* Yes 4.6 14.0* 2015 7.0 8.4 Yes 17.1.0 1.1.0 13.1.2* 5.13 A.06.28 Variadic templates (FTM)* N2242
N2555 4.3 (partial)*
4.4 2.9 18.0* Yes 4.3 (partial)*
4.3 12.1 2015 7.0 8.4 Yes 17.1.0 1.1.0 11.1 (partial)* 5.13 A.06.27 Expression SFINAE N2634 4.4 2.9 19.14* Yes 4.2 12.1 2015 7.0 8.4 Yes 17.1.0 1.1.0 Local and unnamed types as template parameters N2657 4.5 2.9 16.0* Yes 4.2 12.0 2015 7.0 8.4 Yes 17.1.0 1.1.0 13.1.2* 5.13 A.06.27 Thread-local storage N2659 4.4 (partial)
4.8 3.3* 16.0* (partial)
19.0 (2015)* Yes 4.8 11.1 (partial)
15.0* 2015 8.4 Yes 17.1.0 1.1.0 10.1 (partial)*
13.1.2 (partial)* 5.9 (partial) 8.52 (partial) Dynamic initialization and destruction with concurrency (magic statics) (FTM)* N2660 4.3 2.9 19.0 (2015)* Yes Yes 11.1* 2015 8.4 Yes 17.1.0 1.1.0 13.1.2* 5.13 A.06.25 Garbage Collection and Reachability-Based Leak Detection N2670 Initializer lists (FTM)* N2672 4.4 3.1 18.0* Yes 4.5 13.0 (partial)
14.0 2015 7.0 8.4 Yes 17.1.0 1.1.0 13.1.2* 5.13 A.06.28 Non-static data member initializers (FTM)* N2756 4.7 3.0 18.0* Yes 4.6 14.0 2015 7.0 8.4 Yes 17.1.0 1.1.0 13.1.2* 5.13 A.06.28 Attributes, [[noreturn]] (FTM)* N2761 4.8 3.3 19.0 (2015)* Yes 4.2 12.1 2015 7.0 8.4 Yes 17.1.0 1.1.0 13.1.1* 5.13 A.06.27 [[carries_dependency]] N2556
N2643 3.3* 17.1.0* Forward (opaque) enum declarations N2764 4.6 3.1 17.0* Yes 4.5 11.1 (partial)
14.0 2015 7.0 8.4 Yes 17.1.0 1.1.0 12.1 5.13 User-defined literals (FTM)* N2765 4.7 3.1 19.0 (2015)* Yes 4.8 15.0 2015 7.0 8.4 Yes 17.1.0 1.1.0 13.1.2* 5.14 Rvalue references (FTM)* N2118
N2844
CWG1138 4.3 (partial)*
4.5 2.9 16.0* (partial)*
17.0* Yes 4.5 11.1 (partial)*
12.0 (partial)*
14.0 2015 7.0* 8.4 Yes 17.1.0 1.1.0 12.1 5.13 A.06.25 Lambda expressions (FTM)* N2550
N2658
N2927 4.5 3.1 16.0* (partial)*
17.0* Yes 4.1 12.0 2015 7.0 8.4 Yes 17.1.0 1.1.0 13.1.2* 5.13 A.06.25 Range-for loop (FTM)* N2930
N3271 4.6 3.0 17.0* Yes 4.5 13.0 2015 7.0 8.4 Yes 17.1.0 1.1.0 13.1.2* 5.13 A.06.28 noexcept N3050 4.6 3.0 19.0 (2015)* Yes 4.5 14.0 2015 7.0 8.4 Yes 17.1.0 1.1.0 13.1.1* 5.13 A.06.28 Defaulted move special member functions N3053 4.6 3.0 19.0 (2015)* Yes 4.5 14.0 2015 7.0 8.4 Yes 17.1.0 1.1.0 5.13 A.06.25 override and final N2928
N3206
N3272 4.7 2.9 14.0* (partial)
17.0* Yes 4.8 12.0 (partial)*
14.0 2015 7.0 8.4 Yes 17.1.0 1.1.0 13.1.1* 5.13 decltype (FTM)* N2343
N3276 4.3 (partial)*
4.8.1 2.9 16.0* (partial)*
17.0* Yes 4.2 (partial)*
4.8 11.0 (partial)*
12.0 2015 7.0 8.4 Yes 17.1.0 1.1.0 11.1 (partial)* 5.13 A.06.25 8.52 (partial)*

C++11 feature

Paper(s)

GCC