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Showing content from https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/language/../algorithm/../io/basic_istream/getline.html below:

std::basic_istream<CharT,Traits>::getline - cppreference.com

Extracts characters from stream until end of line or the specified delimiter delim.

The first overload is equivalent to getline(s, count, widen('\n')).

Behaves as UnformattedInputFunction. After constructing and checking the sentry object, extracts characters from *this and stores them in successive locations of the array whose first element is pointed to by s, until any of the following occurs (tested in the order shown):

1. end of file condition occurs in the input sequence.
2. the next available character c is the delimiter, as determined by Traits::eq(c, delim). The delimiter is extracted (unlike basic_istream::get()) and counted towards gcount(), but is not stored.
3. count is non-positive, or count - 1 characters have been extracted (setstate(failbit) is called in this case).

If the function extracts no characters, ​failbit is set in the local error state before setstate() is called.

In any case, if count > 0, it then stores a null character CharT() into the next successive location of the array and updates gcount().

Because condition #2 is tested before condition #3, the input line that exactly fits the buffer does not trigger failbit.

Because the terminating character is counted as an extracted character, an empty input line does not trigger failbit.

*this

if an error occurred (the error state flag is not

) and

is set to throw for that state.

If an internal operation throws an exception, it is caught and badbit is set. If exceptions() is set for badbit, the exception is rethrown.

#include <array>
#include <iostream>
#include <sstream>
#include <vector>
 
int main()
{
    std::istringstream input("abc|def|gh");
    std::vector<std::array<char, 4>> v;
 
    // note: the following loop terminates when std::ios_base::operator bool()
    // on the stream returned from getline() returns false
    for (std::array<char, 4> a; input.getline(&a[0], 4, '|');)
        v.push_back(a);
 
    for (auto& a : v)
        std::cout << &a[0] << '\n';
}

Output:

The following behavior-changing defect reports were applied retroactively to previously published C++ standards.

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