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Showing content from https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/language/../algorithm/../../cpp/../c/io/fgetwc.html below:

fgetwc, getwc - cppreference.com

Reads the next wide character from the given input stream. getwc() may be implemented as a macro and may evaluate stream more than once.

The next wide character from the stream or WEOF on failure.

If the failure has been caused by end-of-file condition, additionally sets the eof indicator (see feof()) on stream. If the failure has been caused by some other error, sets the error indicator (see ferror()) on stream.

If an encoding error occurred, additionally sets errno to EILSEQ.

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <wchar.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <locale.h>
 
int main(void)
{
    setlocale(LC_ALL, "en_US.utf8");
    FILE *fp = fopen("fgetwc.dat", "w");
    if(!fp) {
        perror("Can't open file for writing");
        return EXIT_FAILURE;
    }
    fputs("кошка\n", fp);
    fclose(fp);
 
    fp = fopen("fgetwc.dat", "r");
    if(!fp) {
        perror("Can't open file for reading");
        return EXIT_FAILURE;
    }
    wint_t wc;
    errno = 0;
    while ((wc = fgetwc(fp)) != WEOF)
        putwchar(wc);
 
    if (ferror(fp)) {
        if (errno == EILSEQ)
            puts("Character encoding error while reading.");
        else
            puts("I/O error when reading");
    } else if (feof(fp))
        puts("End of file reached successfully");
 
    fclose(fp);
}

Output:

• C17 standard (ISO/IEC 9899:2018):

• 7.29.3.1 The fgetwc function (p: 307-308)

• 7.29.3.6 The getwc function (p: 309)

• C11 standard (ISO/IEC 9899:2011):

• 7.29.3.1 The fgetwc function (p: 421-422)

• 7.29.3.6 The getwc function (p: 424)

• C99 standard (ISO/IEC 9899:1999):

• 7.24.3.1 The fgetwc function (p: 367)

• 7.24.3.6 The getwc function (p: 369)

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