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Showing content from https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/language/../../cpp/string/byte/iscntrl.html below:

std::iscntrl - cppreference.com

Checks if the given character is a control character as classified by the currently installed C locale. In the default, "C" locale, the control characters are the characters with the codes 0x00-0x1F and 0x7F.

The behavior is undefined if the value of ch is not representable as unsigned char and is not equal to EOF.

[edit] Parameters ch - character to classify [edit] Return value

Non-zero value if the character is a control character, zero otherwise.

[edit] Notes

Like all other functions from <cctype>, the behavior of std::iscntrl is undefined if the argument's value is neither representable as unsigned char nor equal to EOF. To use these functions safely with plain chars (or signed chars), the argument should first be converted to unsigned char:

bool my_iscntrl(char ch)
{
    return std::iscntrl(static_cast<unsigned char>(ch));
}

Similarly, they should not be directly used with standard algorithms when the iterator's value type is char or signed char. Instead, convert the value to unsigned char first:

int count_cntrls(const std::string& s)
{
    return std::count_if(s.begin(), s.end(),
                      // static_cast<int(*)(int)>(std::iscntrl)         // wrong
                      // [](int c){ return std::iscntrl(c); }           // wrong
                      // [](char c){ return std::iscntrl(c); }          // wrong
                         [](unsigned char c){ return std::iscntrl(c); } // correct
                        );
}
[edit] Example 
#include <cctype>
#include <clocale>
#include <iostream>
 
int main()
{
    unsigned char c = '\x94'; // the control code CCH in ISO-8859-1
 
    std::cout << "iscntrl(\'\\x94\', default C locale) returned "
              << std::boolalpha << !!std::iscntrl(c) << '\n';
 
    std::setlocale(LC_ALL, "en_GB.iso88591");
    std::cout << "iscntrl(\'\\x94\', ISO-8859-1 locale) returned "
              << !!std::iscntrl(c) << '\n';
 
}

Possible output:

iscntrl('\x94', default C locale) returned false
iscntrl('\x94', ISO-8859-1 locale) returned true
[edit] See also ASCII values characters

iscntrl
iswcntrl

isprint
iswprint

isspace
iswspace

isblank
iswblank

isgraph
iswgraph

ispunct
iswpunct

isalnum
iswalnum

isalpha
iswalpha

isupper
iswupper

islower
iswlower

isdigit
iswdigit

isxdigit
iswxdigit

decimal hexadecimal octal 0–8 \x0–\x8 \0–\10 control codes (NUL, etc.) ≠0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 9 \x9 \11 tab (\t) ≠0 0 ≠0 ≠0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10–13 \xA–\xD \12–\15 whitespaces (\n, \v, \f, \r) ≠0 0 ≠0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 14–31 \xE–\x1F \16–\37 control codes ≠0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 32 \x20 \40 space 0 ≠0 ≠0 ≠0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 33–47 \x21–\x2F \41–\57 !"#$%&'()*+,-./ 0 ≠0 0 0 ≠0 ≠0 0 0 0 0 0 0 48–57 \x30–\x39 \60–\71 0123456789 0 ≠0 0 0 ≠0 0 ≠0 0 0 0 ≠0 ≠0 58–64 \x3A–\x40 \72–\100 :;<=>?@ 0 ≠0 0 0 ≠0 ≠0 0 0 0 0 0 0 65–70 \x41–\x46 \101–\106 ABCDEF 0 ≠0 0 0 ≠0 0 ≠0 ≠0 ≠0 0 0 ≠0 71–90 \x47–\x5A \107–\132 GHIJKLMNOP
QRSTUVWXYZ 0 ≠0 0 0 ≠0 0 ≠0 ≠0 ≠0 0 0 0 91–96 \x5B–\x60 \133–\140 [\]^_` 0 ≠0 0 0 ≠0 ≠0 0 0 0 0 0 0 97–102 \x61–\x66 \141–\146 abcdef 0 ≠0 0 0 ≠0 0 ≠0 ≠0 0 ≠0 0 ≠0 103–122 \x67–\x7A \147–\172 ghijklmnop
qrstuvwxyz 0 ≠0 0 0 ≠0 0 ≠0 ≠0 0 ≠0 0 0 123–126 \x7B–\x7E \172–\176 {|}~ 0 ≠0 0 0 ≠0 ≠0 0 0 0 0 0 0 127 \x7F \177 backspace character (DEL) ≠0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

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