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std::indirectly_writable - cppreference.com

The concept indirectly_writable<Out, T> specifies the requirements for writing a value whose type and value category are encoded by T into an iterator Out's referenced object.

Let e be an expression such that decltype((e)) is T, and o be a dereferenceable object of type Out, then indirectly_writable<Out, T> is modeled only if:

• If std::indirectly_readable<Out> is modeled and std::iter_value_t<Out> is the same type as std::decay_t<T>, then *o after any above assignment is equal to the value of e before the assignment.

o is not required to be dereferenceable after evaluating any of the assignment expressions above. If e is an xvalue, the resulting state of the object it denotes is valid but unspecified.

Expressions declared in requires expressions of the standard library concepts are required to be equality-preserving (except where stated otherwise).

The only valid use of operator* is on the left side of an assignment expression. Assignment through the same value of an indirectly writable type may happen only once.

The required expressions with const_cast prevent indirectly_readable objects with prvalue reference types from satisfying the syntactic requirements of indirectly_writable by accident, while permitting proxy references to continue to work as long as their constness is shallow. See Ranges TS issue 381.

struct Object
{
    Object& operator=(const Object& other) = default;
 
    int x;
};
 
struct ProxyReference
{
    ProxyReference& operator=(const ProxyReference& other) = default;
 
    const ProxyReference& operator=(const Object& o) const
    {
        *p = o;
        return *this;
    }
 
    Object* p;
};
 
struct I1 { Object& operator*(); };
 
struct I2 { Object operator*(); };
 
struct I3 { ProxyReference operator*(); };
 
static_assert(std::indirectly_writable<I1, Object>);
static_assert(!std::indirectly_writable<I2, Object>);
static_assert(std::indirectly_writable<I3, Object>);
static_assert(!std::indirectly_writable<I3, ProxyReference>);
 
void f(I1 i1, I2 i2, I3 i3, Object o)
{
    *i1 = o;  // OK, assigns to the value referenced by *i1
 
    *i2 = o;  // OK, but meaningless: This assigns to the temporary returned by *i2
 
    *i3 = o;  // OK, calls ProxyReference::operator=(const Object& o) const
              // which performs *ptr = o, where ptr is (*i3).p
}

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