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std::map<Key,T,Compare,Allocator>::insert - cppreference.com

iterator insert( iterator pos, const value_type& value );

iterator insert( const_iterator pos, const value_type& value );

template< class P >
iterator insert( const_iterator pos, P&& value );

iterator insert( const_iterator pos, value_type&& value );

template< class InputIt >
void insert( InputIt first, InputIt last );

insert_return_type insert( node_type&& nh );

iterator insert( const_iterator pos, node_type&& nh );

Inserts element(s) into the container, if the container doesn't already contain an element with an equivalent key.

1-3) Inserts value.

Overload

is equivalent to

and only participates in overload resolution if

.

4-6) Inserts value in the position as close as possible to the position just prior to pos.

Overload

is equivalent to

and only participates in overload resolution if

.

Inserts elements from range

. If multiple elements in the range have keys that compare equivalent, it is unspecified which element is inserted (pending

).

Inserts elements from initializer list

. If multiple elements in the range have keys that compare equivalent, it is unspecified which element is inserted (pending

).

If

is an empty

, does nothing. Otherwise, inserts the element owned by

into the container , if the container doesn't already contain an element with a key equivalent to

. The behavior is undefined if

is not empty and

.

If

is an empty

, does nothing and returns the end iterator. Otherwise, inserts the element owned by

into the container, if the container doesn't already contain an element with a key equivalent to

, and returns the iterator pointing to the element with key equivalent to

(regardless of whether the insert succeeded or failed). If the insertion succeeds,

is moved from, otherwise it retains ownership of the element. The element is inserted as close as possible to the position just prior to

. The behavior is undefined if

is not empty and

.

No iterators or references are invalidated. If the insertion is successful, pointers and references to the element obtained while it is held in the node handle are invalidated, and pointers and references obtained to that element before it was extracted become valid.(since C++17)

1-3) A pair consisting of an iterator to the inserted element (or to the element that prevented the insertion) and a bool value set to true if and only if the insertion took place.

4-6) An iterator to the inserted element, or to the element that prevented the insertion.

7,8) (none)

An object of

with the members initialized as follows:

• If nh is empty, inserted is false, position is end(), and node is empty.
• Otherwise if the insertion took place, inserted is true, position points to the inserted element, and node is empty.
• If the insertion failed, inserted is false, node has the previous value of nh, and position points to an element with a key equivalent to nh.key().

10) End iterator if nh was empty, iterator pointing to the inserted element if insertion took place, and iterator pointing to an element with a key equivalent to nh.key() if it failed.

1-6) If an exception is thrown by any operation, the insertion has no effect.

1-3) Logarithmic in the size of the container, O(log(size())).

4-6) Amortized constant if the insertion happens in the position just after(until C++11)before(since C++11) pos, logarithmic in the size of the container otherwise.

7,8) O(N·log(size() + N)), where N is the number of elements to insert.

9) Logarithmic in the size of the container, O(log(size())).

10) Amortized constant if the insertion happens in the position just before pos, logarithmic in the size of the container otherwise.

The hinted insert ((4-6) and (10)) does not return a boolean in order to be signature-compatible with positional insert on sequential containers, such as std::vector::insert. This makes it possible to create generic inserters such as std::inserter. One way to check success of a hinted insert is to compare size() before and after.

#include <iomanip>
#include <iostream>
#include <map>
#include <string>
using namespace std::literals;
 
template<typename It>
void print_insertion_status(It it, bool success)
{
    std::cout << "Insertion of " << it->first
              << (success ? " succeeded\n" : " failed\n");
}
 
int main()
{
    std::map<std::string, float> heights;
 
    // Overload 3: insert from rvalue reference
    const auto [it_hinata, success] = heights.insert({"Hinata"s, 162.8});
    print_insertion_status(it_hinata, success);
 
    {
        // Overload 1: insert from lvalue reference
        const auto [it, success2] = heights.insert(*it_hinata);
        print_insertion_status(it, success2);
    }
    {
        // Overload 2: insert via forwarding to emplace
        const auto [it, success] = heights.insert(std::pair{"Kageyama", 180.6});
        print_insertion_status(it, success);
    }
    {
        // Overload 6: insert from rvalue reference with positional hint
        const std::size_t n = std::size(heights);
        const auto it = heights.insert(it_hinata, {"Azumane"s, 184.7});
        print_insertion_status(it, std::size(heights) != n);
    }
    {
        // Overload 4: insert from lvalue reference with positional hint
        const std::size_t n = std::size(heights);
        const auto it = heights.insert(it_hinata, *it_hinata);
        print_insertion_status(it, std::size(heights) != n);
    }
    {
        // Overload 5: insert via forwarding to emplace with positional hint
        const std::size_t n = std::size(heights);
        const auto it = heights.insert(it_hinata, std::pair{"Tsukishima", 188.3});
        print_insertion_status(it, std::size(heights) != n);
    }
 
    auto node_hinata = heights.extract(it_hinata);
    std::map<std::string, float> heights2;
 
    // Overload 7: insert from iterator range
    heights2.insert(std::begin(heights), std::end(heights));
 
    // Overload 8: insert from initializer_list
    heights2.insert({{"Kozume"s, 169.2}, {"Kuroo", 187.7}});
 
    // Overload 9: insert node
    const auto status = heights2.insert(std::move(node_hinata));
    print_insertion_status(status.position, status.inserted);
 
    node_hinata = heights2.extract(status.position);
    {
        // Overload 10: insert node with positional hint
        const std::size_t n = std::size(heights2);
        const auto it = heights2.insert(std::begin(heights2), std::move(node_hinata));
        print_insertion_status(it, std::size(heights2) != n);
    }
 
    // Print resulting map
    std::cout << std::left << '\n';
    for (const auto& [name, height] : heights2)
        std::cout << std::setw(10) << name << " | " << height << "cm\n";
}

Output:

Insertion of Hinata succeeded
Insertion of Hinata failed
Insertion of Kageyama succeeded
Insertion of Azumane succeeded
Insertion of Hinata failed
Insertion of Tsukishima succeeded
Insertion of Hinata succeeded
Insertion of Hinata succeeded
 
Azumane    | 184.7cm
Hinata     | 162.8cm
Kageyama   | 180.6cm
Kozume     | 169.2cm
Kuroo      | 187.7cm
Tsukishima | 188.3cm

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