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Showing content from https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/language/../../cpp/../cpp/../cpp/../cpp/../c/io/getchar.html below:

getchar - cppreference.com

Reads the next character from stdin.

Equivalent to getc(stdin).

(none)

The obtained character on success or EOF on failure.

If the failure has been caused by end-of-file condition, additionally sets the eof indicator (see feof()) on stdin. If the failure has been caused by some other error, sets the error indicator (see ferror()) on stdin.

Demonstrates getchar with error checking

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
 
int main(void)
{
    for (int ch; (ch = getchar()) != EOF;) // read/print "abcde" from stdin
        printf("%c", ch);
 
    // Test reason for reaching EOF.
    if (feof(stdin)) // if failure caused by end-of-file condition
        puts("End of file reached");
    else if (ferror(stdin)) // if failure caused by some other error
    {
        perror("getchar()");
        fprintf(stderr, "getchar() failed in file %s at line # %d\n",
                __FILE__, __LINE__ - 9);
        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
    }
 
    return EXIT_SUCCESS;
}

Possible output:

abcde
End of file reached

• C23 standard (ISO/IEC 9899:2024):

• 7.21.7.6 The getchar function (p: TBD)

• C17 standard (ISO/IEC 9899:2018):

• 7.21.7.6 The getchar function (p: TBD)

• C11 standard (ISO/IEC 9899:2011):

• 7.21.7.6 The getchar function (p: 332)

• C99 standard (ISO/IEC 9899:1999):

• 7.19.7.6 The getchar function (p: 298)

• C89/C90 standard (ISO/IEC 9899:1990):

• 4.9.7.6 The getchar function

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