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Showing content from https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/language/../../c/language/../numeric/complex/Complex_I.html below:

_Complex_I - cppreference.com

#define _Complex_I /* unspecified */

(since C99)

The _Complex_I macro expands to a value of type const float _Complex with the value of the imaginary unit.

[edit] Notes

This macro may be used when I is not available, such as when it has been undefined by the application.

Unlike _Imaginary_I and CMPLX, use of this macro to construct a complex number may lose the sign of zero on the imaginary part.

[edit] Example
#include <stdio.h>
#include <complex.h>
 
#undef I
#define J _Complex_I // can be used to redefine I
 
int main(void)
{
    // can be used to construct a complex number
    double complex z = 1.0 + 2.0 * _Complex_I;
    printf("1.0 + 2.0 * _Complex_I = %.1f%+.1fi\n", creal(z), cimag(z));
 
    // sign of zero may not be preserved
    double complex z2 = 0.0 + -0.0 * _Complex_I;
    printf("0.0 + -0.0 * _Complex_I = %.1f%+.1fi\n", creal(z2), cimag(z2));
}

Possible output:

1.0 + 2.0 * _Complex_I = 1.0+2.0i
0.0 + -0.0 * _Complex_I = 0.0+0.0i
[edit] References
[edit] See also the imaginary unit constant i
(macro constant) [edit] the complex or imaginary unit constant i
(macro constant) [edit]

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