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Showing content from https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/algorithm/../algorithm/../../cpp/locale/money_put/put.html below:

std::money_put<CharT,OutputIt>::put, do_put - cppreference.com

Formats monetary value and writes the result to output stream.

1,2) Public member functions, call the member function do_put of the most derived class.

The numeric arguments

is converted to a wide character string as if by

, where

is the

facet imbued in

and

and

are sufficiently large character buffers. The resulting character string

is processed, formatted, and output to

as desribed below.

From the string argument

, only the optional leading minus sign (as determined by comparing to

, where

is the

facet imbued in

) and the immediately following digit characters (as classified by

) are taken as the character sequence to be processed, formatted, and output to

as described below.

Given the character sequence from the previous steps, if the first character equals ct.widen('-'), calls mp.neg_format() to obtain the formatting pattern, otherwise calls mp.pos_format(), where mp is the std::moneypunct<CharT, intl> facet imbued in str.getloc().

Thousands separator and decimal point characters are inserted as required by mp.grouping(), mp.frac_digits(), mp.decimal_point(), and mp.thousands_sep(), and the resulting string is placed in the output sequence where value appears in the formatting pattern.

If str.flags() & str.showbase is non-zero (the std::showbase manipulator was used), then the currency symbol or string is generated by calling mp.curr_symbol() and placed in the output sequence where symbol appears in the formatting pattern.

If mp.positive_sign() (in case positive format pattern is used) or mp.negative_sign() (in case negative format pattern is used) returns a string with more than one character, the first character returned is placed in the output sequence where sign appears in the formatting pattern, and the rest of the characters are placed after all other characters, for example, formatting pattern {sign, value, space, symbol} with units 123 and negative_sign of "-" may result in "-1.23 €", while negative_sign of "()" would generate "(1.23 €)".

If the number of characters generated for the specified format is less than the value returned by str.width(), then copies of fill are inserted to bring the total length of the output sequence to exactly str.width(), as follows:

• If str.flags() & str.adjustfield equals str.internal, the fill characters are inserted where none or space appears in the formatting pattern.
• Otherwise, if str.flags() & str.adjustfield equals str.left, the copies of fill are appended after all other characters.
• Otherwise, the fill characters are placed before all other characters.

In the end, calls str.width(0) to cancel the effects of any std::setw.

An iterator pointing immediately after the last character produced.

The currency units are assumed to be the smallest non-fractional units of the currency: cents in the U.S, yen in Japan.

#include <iomanip>
#include <iostream>
#include <locale>
 
struct my_punct : std::moneypunct_byname<char, false>
{
    my_punct(const char* name) : moneypunct_byname(name) {}
    string_type do_negative_sign() const { return "()"; }
};
 
int main()
{
    std::locale loc("ru_RU.utf8");
    std::cout.imbue(loc);
    long double units = -123.45;
    std::cout << "In Russian locale, " << units << " prints as " << std::showbase;
 
    // note, the following is equivalent to simply std::put_money(units)
    std::use_facet<std::money_put<char>>(loc).put(
        {std::cout}, false, std::cout, std::cout.fill(), units);
    std::cout << '\n';
 
    std::cout.imbue(std::locale(std::cout.getloc(), new my_punct("ru_RU.utf8")));
    std::cout << "With negative_sign set to \"()\", it prints as ";
    std::use_facet<std::money_put<char>>(loc).put(
        {std::cout}, false, std::cout, std::cout.fill(), units);
    std::cout << '\n';
}

Output:

In Russian locale, -123,45 prints as -1.23 руб
With negative_sign set to "()", it prints as (1.23 руб)

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