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Showing content from https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/algorithm/../../cpp/symbol_index/../filesystem/file_size.html below:

std::filesystem::file_size - cppreference.com

If p does not exist, reports an error.

For a regular file p, returns the size determined as if by reading the st_size member of the structure obtained by POSIX stat (symlinks are followed).

The result of attempting to determine the size of a directory (as well as any other file that is not a regular file or a symlink) is implementation-defined.

The non-throwing overload returns static_cast<std::uintmax_t>(-1) on errors.

[edit] Parameters p - path to examine ec - out-parameter for error reporting in the non-throwing overload [edit] Return value

The size of the file, in bytes.

[edit] Exceptions

Any overload not marked noexcept may throw std::bad_alloc if memory allocation fails.

1)

Throws

std::filesystem::filesystem_error

on underlying OS API errors, constructed with

p

as the first path argument and the OS error code as the error code argument.

2)

Sets a

std::error_code&

parameter to the OS API error code if an OS API call fails, and executes

ec.clear()

if no errors occur.

[edit] Example

#include <cmath>
#include <filesystem>
#include <fstream>
#include <iostream>
namespace fs = std::filesystem;
 
struct HumanReadable
{
    std::uintmax_t size{};
 
private:
    friend std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& os, HumanReadable hr)
    {
        int o{};
        double mantissa = hr.size;
        for (; mantissa >= 1024.; mantissa /= 1024., ++o);
        os << std::ceil(mantissa * 10.) / 10. << "BKMGTPE"[o];
        return o ? os << "B (" << hr.size << ')' : os;
    }
};
 
int main(int, char const* argv[])
{
    fs::path example = "example.bin";
    fs::path p = fs::current_path() / example;
    std::ofstream(p).put('a'); // create file of size 1
    std::cout << example << " size = " << fs::file_size(p) << '\n';
    fs::remove(p);
 
    p = argv[0];
    std::cout << p << " size = " << HumanReadable{fs::file_size(p)} << '\n';
 
    try
    {
        std::cout << "Attempt to get size of a directory:\n";
        [[maybe_unused]] auto x_x = fs::file_size("/dev");
    }
    catch (fs::filesystem_error& e)
    {
        std::cout << e.what() << '\n';
    }
 
    for (std::error_code ec; fs::path bin : {"cat", "mouse"})
    {
        bin = "/bin"/bin;
        if (const std::uintmax_t size = fs::file_size(bin, ec); ec)
            std::cout << bin << " : " << ec.message() << '\n';
        else
            std::cout << bin << " size = " << HumanReadable{size} << '\n';
    }
}

Possible output:

"example.bin" size = 1
"./a.out" size = 22KB (22512)
Attempt to get size of a directory:
filesystem error: cannot get file size: Is a directory [/dev]
"/bin/cat" size = 50.9KB (52080)
"/bin/mouse" : No such file or directory

[edit] See also changes the size of a regular file by truncation or zero-fill
(function) [edit] determines available free space on the file system
(function) [edit] returns the size of the file to which the directory entry refers
(public member function of std::filesystem::directory_entry) [edit]

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