Converts a single code point from its narrow multibyte character representation to its variable-length 16-bit wide character representation (typically, UTF-16).
If s is not a null pointer, inspects at most n bytes of the multibyte character string, beginning with the byte pointed to by s to determine the number of bytes necessary to complete the next multibyte character (including any shift sequences, and taking into account the current multibyte conversion state *ps). If the function determines that the next multibyte character in s is complete and valid, converts it to the corresponding 16-bit wide character and stores it in *pc16 (if pc16 is not null).
If the multibyte character in *s corresponds to a multi-char16_t sequence (e.g. a surrogate pair in UTF-16), then after the first call to this function, *ps is updated in such a way that the next call to mbrtoc16 will write out the additional char16_t, without considering *s.
If s is a null pointer, the values of n and pc16 are ignored and the call is equivalent to mbrtoc16(NULL, "", 1, ps).
If the wide character produced is the null character, the conversion state *ps represents the initial shift state.
If the macro __STDC_UTF_16__ is defined, the 16-bit encoding used by this function is UTF-16; otherwise, it is implementation-defined. The macro is always defined and the encoding is always UTF-16.(since C23) In any case, the multibyte character encoding used by this function is specified by the currently active C locale.
[edit] Parameters pc16 - pointer to the location where the resulting 16-bit wide character will be written s - pointer to the multibyte character string used as input n - limit on the number of bytes in s that can be examined ps - pointer to the conversion state object used when interpreting the multibyte string [edit] Return valueThe first of the following that applies:
[1, n] of the multibyte character successfully converted from s.On MSVC you may need the /utf-8 compiler flag for UTF_8 to work properly.
#include <locale.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <uchar.h>
int main(void)
{
setlocale(LC_ALL, "en_US.utf8");
const char in[] = u8"zÃæ°´ð"; // or "z\u00df\u6c34\U0001F34C"
enum { in_sz = sizeof in / sizeof *in };
printf("Processing %d UTF-8 code units: [", in_sz);
for (int n = 0; n < in_sz; ++n)
printf("%s%02X", n ? " " : "", (unsigned char)in[n]);
puts("]");
char16_t out[in_sz];
const char* p_in = in;
const char* end = in + in_sz;
char16_t* p_out = out;
mbstate_t state = {0};
for (size_t rc; (rc = mbrtoc16(p_out, p_in, end - p_in, &state));)
{
if (rc == (size_t)-1) // invalid input
break;
else if(rc == (size_t)-2) // truncated input
break;
else if(rc == (size_t)-3) // UTF-16 high surrogate
p_out += 1;
else
{
p_in += rc;
p_out += 1;
};
}
const size_t out_sz = p_out - out + 1;
printf("into %zu UTF-16 code units: [", out_sz);
for (size_t x = 0; x < out_sz; ++x)
printf("%s%04X", x ? " " : "", out[x]);
puts("]");
}
Output:
Processing 11 UTF-8 code units: [7A C3 9F E6 B0 B4 F0 9F 8D 8C 00] into 6 UTF-16 code units: [007A 00DF 6C34 D83C DF4C 0000][edit] References
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