Converts a narrow multibyte character to its wide character representation.
If s is not a null pointer, inspects at most n bytes of the multibyte character string, beginning with the byte pointed to by s to determine the number of bytes necessary to complete the next multibyte character (including any shift sequences, and taking into account the current multibyte conversion state *ps). If the function determines that the next multibyte character in s is complete and valid, converts it to the corresponding wide character and stores it in *pwc (if pwc is not null).
If s is a null pointer, the values of n and pwc are ignored and call is equivalent to mbrtowc(NULL, "", 1, ps).
If the wide character produced is the null character, the conversion state stored in *ps is the initial shift state.
If the environment macro __STDC_ISO_10646__ is defined, the values of type wchar_t are the same as the short identifiers of the characters in the Unicode required set (typically UTF-32 encoding); otherwise, it is implementation-defined. In any case, the multibyte character encoding used by this function is specified by the currently active C locale.
[edit] Parameters pwc - pointer to the location where the resulting wide character will be written s - pointer to the multibyte character string used as input n - limit on the number of bytes in s that can be examined ps - pointer to the conversion state used when interpreting the multibyte character string [edit] Return valueThe first of the following that applies:
s (and stored in pwc if non-null) was the null charactersn bytes constitute an incomplete, but so far valid, multibyte character. Nothing is written to *pwc.*pwc, the value EILSEQ is stored in errno and the value of *ps is left unspecified.#include <stdio.h>
#include <locale.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <wchar.h>
int main(void)
{
setlocale(LC_ALL, "en_US.utf8");
mbstate_t state;
memset(&state, 0, sizeof state);
char in[] = u8"z\u00df\u6c34\U0001F34C"; // or u8"zÃæ°´ð"
size_t in_sz = sizeof in / sizeof *in;
printf("Processing %zu UTF-8 code units: [ ", in_sz);
for(size_t n = 0; n < in_sz; ++n) printf("%#x ", (unsigned char)in[n]);
puts("]");
wchar_t out[in_sz];
char *p_in = in, *end = in + in_sz;
wchar_t *p_out = out;
int rc;
while((rc = mbrtowc(p_out, p_in, end - p_in, &state)) > 0)
{
p_in += rc;
p_out += 1;
}
size_t out_sz = p_out - out + 1;
printf("into %zu wchar_t units: [ ", out_sz);
for(size_t x = 0; x < out_sz; ++x) printf("%#x ", out[x]);
puts("]");
}
Output:
Processing 11 UTF-8 code units: [ 0x7a 0xc3 0x9f 0xe6 0xb0 0xb4 0xf0 0x9f 0x8d 0x8c 0 ] into 5 wchar_t units: [ 0x7a 0xdf 0x6c34 0x1f34c 0 ][edit] References
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