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Unity - Manual: Declare shader keywords

How Unity compiles branching shaders

Make shader behavior conditional on keywords

To declare shaderA program that runs on the GPU. More info
See in Glossary keywords, use a #pragma directive in the HLSL code. For example:

#pragma shader_feature REFLECTION_TYPE1 REFLECTION_TYPE2 REFLECTION_TYPE3

Use one of the following shader directives:

• dynamic_branch to keep branching code in one compiled shader program.
• multi_compile or shader_feature to compile multiple shader variants, which means there’s a separate shader program for each branch.

For information about when to use which shader directive, refer to How Unity compiles branching shaders.

If a shader uses more than 128 keywords in total, your project might be slower. As a result, it’s best to keep the number of keywords low. The total number of keywords include 4 keywords per shader that Unity always reserves.

The keywords in a single #pragma statement are together called a set.

For example, to declare a set of three keywords:

#pragma shader_feature REFLECTION_TYPE1 REFLECTION_TYPE2 REFLECTION_TYPE3

You can declare multiple sets of keywords in a single shader. For example, to create two sets:

#pragma shader_feature REFLECTION_TYPE1 REFLECTION_TYPE2 REFLECTION_TYPE3
#pragma shader_feature RED GREEN BLUE WHITE

You can’t do the following:

• Include two keywords with the same name in one set.
• Include duplicate keyword sets in one shader.
• Declare a keyword as both dynamic_branch and shader_feature or multi_compile. Unity uses dynamic_branch if you do this.

At runtime, Unity has no concept of sets. You can enable or disable any keyword independently. As a result, it’s possible to enable two or more keywords from the same set at the same time, or disable all the keywords.

If you use shader_feature and enable multiple keywords from the same set, Unity tries to find the shader variant that most closely matches. This can lead to unintended results.

• Targeting shader models and GPU features in HLSL
• Shader Graph: Keyword Node

How Unity compiles branching shaders

Make shader behavior conditional on keywords

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