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GET | Snowflake Documentation

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Semi-structured and structured data functions (Extraction)

Extracts a value from an ARRAY or an OBJECT (or a VARIANT that contains an ARRAY or OBJECT).

The function returns NULL if either of the arguments is NULL.

Note that this function should not be confused with the GET DML command.

See also:

GET_IGNORE_CASE , GET_PATH , :

ARRAY (or VARIANT containing an ARRAY)

GET( <array> , <index> )

GET( <variant> , <index> )

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OBJECT (or VARIANT containing an OBJECT)

GET( <object> , <field_name> )

GET( <variant> , <field_name> )

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MAP

array

An expression that evaluates to an ARRAY.

index

An expression that evaluates to an INTEGER. This specifies the position of the element to retrieve from the ARRAY. The position is 0-based, not 1-based.

If the index points outside of the array boundaries, or if the indexed element does not exist (in a sparse array):

• If array is a semi-structured ARRAY, this function returns NULL.

• If array is a structured ARRAY, an error occurs.

variant

An expression that evaluates to a VARIANT that contains either an ARRAY or an OBJECT.

object

An expression that evaluates to an OBJECT that contains key-value pairs.

field_name

An expression that evaluates to a VARCHAR. This specifies the key in a key-value pair for which you want to retrieve the value.

field_name must not be an empty string.

If object is a structured OBJECT, you must specify a constant for field_name.

If object does not contain the specified key:

• If object is a semi-structured OBJECT, the function returns NULL.

• If object is a structured OBJECT, an error occurs.

map

An expression that evaluates to a MAP.

key

The key in a key-value pair for which you want to retrieve the value.

If map does not contain the specified key, the function returns NULL.

• The returned value is the specified element of the ARRAY, or the value that corresponds to the specified key of a key-value pair in the OBJECT.

• If the input object is a semi-structured OBJECT, ARRAY, or VARIANT value, the function returns a VARIANT value. The data type of the value is VARIANT because:

  • In an ARRAY value, each element is of type VARIANT.

  • In an OBJECT value, the value in each key-value pair is of type VARIANT.

• If the input object is a structured OBJECT, structured ARRAY, or MAP, the function returns a value of the type specified for the object.

  For example, if the type of the input object is ARRAY(NUMBER), the function returns a NUMBER value.

• GET applies case-sensitive matching to field_name. For case-insensitive matching, use GET_IGNORE_CASE.

• If the first parameter is of type VARIANT:

  • If the second parameter is of type VARCHAR (e.g. a field_name), the function returns NULL if variant does not contain an OBJECT.

  • If the second parameter is of type INTEGER (e.g. an index), the function returns NULL if variant does not contain an ARRAY.

Create a table with sample data:

CREATE TABLE vartab (a ARRAY, o OBJECT, v VARIANT);
INSERT INTO vartab (a, o, v) 
  SELECT
    ARRAY_CONSTRUCT(2.71, 3.14),
    OBJECT_CONSTRUCT('Ukraine', 'Kyiv'::VARIANT, 
                     'France',  'Paris'::VARIANT),
    TO_VARIANT(OBJECT_CONSTRUCT('weatherStationID', 42::VARIANT,
                     'timestamp', '2022-03-07 14:00'::TIMESTAMP_LTZ::VARIANT,
                     'temperature', 31.5::VARIANT,
                     'sensorType', 'indoor'::VARIANT))
    ;

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SELECT a, o, v FROM vartab;
+---------+----------------------+-------------------------------------------------+
| A       | O                    | V                                               |
|---------+----------------------+-------------------------------------------------|
| [       | {                    | {                                               |
|   2.71, |   "France": "Paris", |   "sensorType": "indoor",                       |
|   3.14  |   "Ukraine": "Kyiv"  |   "temperature": 31.5,                          |
| ]       | }                    |   "timestamp": "2022-03-07 14:00:00.000 -0800", |
|         |                      |   "weatherStationID": 42                        |
|         |                      | }                                               |
+---------+----------------------+-------------------------------------------------+

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Extract the first element of an ARRAY:

SELECT GET(a, 0) FROM vartab;
+-----------+
| GET(A, 0) |
|-----------|
| 2.71      |
+-----------+

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Given the name of a country, extract the name of the capital city of that country from an OBJECT containing country names and capital cities:

SELECT GET(o, 'Ukraine') FROM vartab;
+-------------------+
| GET(O, 'UKRAINE') |
|-------------------|
| "Kyiv"            |
+-------------------+

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Extract the temperature from a VARIANT that contains an OBJECT:

SELECT GET(v, 'temperature') FROM vartab;
+-----------------------+
| GET(V, 'TEMPERATURE') |
|-----------------------|
| 31.5                  |
+-----------------------+

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For more detailed examples, see Querying Semi-structured Data.

For examples of using GET with XMLGET, see the Examples and Usage Notes sections in XMLGET.

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