String & binary functions (Matching/Comparison)
Performs a case-insensitive comparison to determine whether a string matches or does not match a specified pattern. For case-sensitive matching, use LIKE instead.
LIKE, ILIKE, and RLIKE all perform similar operations. However, RLIKE uses POSIX ERE (Extended Regular Expression) syntax instead of the SQL pattern syntax used by LIKE and ILIKE.
Tip
You can use the search optimization service to improve the performance of queries that call this function. For details, see Search Optimization Service.
<subject> [ NOT ] ILIKE <pattern> [ ESCAPE <escape> ] ILIKE( <subject> , <pattern> [ , <escape> ] )
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Arguments¶Required:
subject
Subject to match.
pattern
Pattern to match.
Optional:
escape
Character(s) inserted in front of a wildcard character to indicate that the wildcard should be interpreted as a regular character and not as a wildcard.
Returns a BOOLEAN or NULL.
When ILIKE is specified, the value is TRUE if there is a match. Otherwise, returns FALSE.
When NOT ILIKE is specified, the value is TRUE if there is no match. Otherwise, returns FALSE.
When either ILIKE or NOT ILIKE is specified, returns NULL if any argument is NULL.
To include single quotes or other special characters in pattern matching, you can use a backslash escape sequence.
NULL does not match NULL. In other words, if the subject is NULL and the pattern is NULL, that is not considered a match.
SQL wildcards are supported in pattern:
An underscore (_) matches any single character.
A percent sign (%) matches any sequence of zero or more characters.
Wildcards in pattern include newline characters (n) in subject as matches.
Pattern matching covers the entire string. To match a sequence anywhere within a string, start and end the pattern with %.
There is no default escape character.
If you use the backslash as an escape character, then you must escape the backslash in both the expression and the ESCAPE clause. For example, the following command specifies that the escape character is the backslash, and then uses that escape character to search for % as a literal (without the escape character, the % would be treated as a wildcard):
'SOMETHING%' ILIKE '%\\%%' ESCAPE '\\';Copy
For examples of using escape characters, see the examples for ILIKE. For more examples of using escape characters, and in particular the backslash as an escape character, see the examples for LIKE.
Only the upper, lower, and trim collation specifications are supported. Combinations with upper, lower, and trim are also supported (for example, upper-trim and lower-trim), except for locale combinations (for example, en-upper).
Create a table that contains some strings:
CREATE OR REPLACE TABLE ilike_ex(name VARCHAR(20));
INSERT INTO ilike_ex VALUES
('John Dddoe'),
('Joe Doe'),
('John_down'),
('Joe down'),
(null);
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The following examples show the use of ILIKE, NOT ILIKE, and the wildcard character %:
SELECT * FROM ilike_ex WHERE name ILIKE '%j%h%do%' ORDER BY 1;
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+-------------+ | NAME | |-------------| | John Dddoe | | John_down | +-------------+
SELECT * FROM ilike_ex WHERE name NOT ILIKE '%j%h%do%' ORDER BY 1;
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+-----------+ | NAME | |-----------| | Joe Doe | | Joe down | +-----------+
SELECT * FROM ilike_ex WHERE name ILIKE '%j%h%^_do%' ESCAPE '^' ORDER BY 1;
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+-----------+ | NAME | |-----------| | John_down | +-----------+
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