Time is an abstraction of dates and times. Time is stored internally as the number of seconds with subsecond since the Epoch, 1970-01-01 00:00:00 UTC.
The Time class treats GMT (Greenwich Mean Time) and UTC (Coordinated Universal Time) as equivalent. GMT is the older way of referring to these baseline times but persists in the names of calls on POSIX systems.
Note: A Time object uses the resolution available on your system clock.
All times may have subsecond. Be aware of this fact when comparing times with each other â times that are apparently equal when displayed may be different when compared. (Since Ruby 2.7.0, Time#inspect shows subsecond but Time#to_s still doesnât show subsecond.)
All of these examples were done using the EST timezone which is GMT-5.
Creating a New Time Instance¶ ↑You can create a new instance of Time with Time.new. This will use the current system time. Time.now is an alias for this. You can also pass parts of the time to Time.new such as year, month, minute, etc. When you want to construct a time this way you must pass at least a year. If you pass the year with nothing else time will default to January 1 of that year at 00:00:00 with the current system timezone. Here are some examples:
Time.new(2002) Time.new(2002, 10) Time.new(2002, 10, 31)
You can pass a UTC offset:
Time.new(2002, 10, 31, 2, 2, 2, "+02:00")
Or a timezone object:
zone = timezone("Europe/Athens")
Time.new(2002, 10, 31, 2, 2, 2, zone)
You can also use Time.local and Time.utc to infer local and UTC timezones instead of using the current system setting.
You can also create a new time using Time.at which takes the number of seconds (with subsecond) since the Unix Epoch.
Time.at(628232400)Working with an Instance of Time¶ ↑
Once you have an instance of Time there is a multitude of things you can do with it. Below are some examples. For all of the following examples, we will work on the assumption that you have done the following:
t = Time.new(1993, 02, 24, 12, 0, 0, "+09:00")
Was that a monday?
t.monday?
What year was that again?
t.year
Was it daylight savings at the time?
t.dst?
Whatâs the day a year later?
t + (60*60*24*365)
How many seconds was that since the Unix Epoch?
t.to_i
You can also do standard functions like compare two times.
t1 = Time.new(2010) t2 = Time.new(2011) t1 == t2 t1 == t1 t1 < t2 t1 > t2 Time.new(2010,10,31).between?(t1, t2)Whatâs Here¶ ↑
First, whatâs elsewhere. Class Time:
Inherits from class Object.
Includes module Comparable.
Here, class Time provides methods that are useful for:
::new: Returns a new time from specified arguments (year, month, etc.), including an optional timezone value.
::local (aliased as ::mktime): Same as ::new, except the timezone is the local timezone.
::utc (aliased as ::gm): Same as ::new, except the timezone is UTC.
::at: Returns a new time based on seconds since epoch.
::now: Returns a new time based on the current system time.
+ (plus): Returns a new time increased by the given number of seconds.
- (minus): Returns a new time
decreased by the given number of seconds.
year: Returns the year of the time.
hour: Returns the hours value for the time.
min: Returns the minutes value for the time.
sec: Returns the seconds value for the time.
usec (aliased as tv_usec): Returns the number of microseconds in the subseconds value of the time.
nsec (aliased as tv_nsec: Returns the number of nanoseconds in the subsecond part of the time.
subsec: Returns the subseconds value for the time.
wday: Returns the integer weekday value of the time (0 == Sunday).
yday: Returns the integer yearday value of the time (1 == January 1).
hash: Returns the integer hash value for the time.
utc_offset (aliased as gmt_offset and gmtoff): Returns the offset in seconds between time and UTC.
to_f: Returns the float number of seconds since epoch for the time.
to_i (aliased as tv_sec): Returns the integer number of seconds since epoch for the time.
to_r: Returns the Rational number of seconds since epoch for the time.
zone: Returns a string representation of the timezone of the time.
dst? (aliased as isdst): Returns whether the time is DST (daylight saving time).
sunday?: Returns whether the time is a Sunday.
monday?: Returns whether the time is a Monday.
tuesday?: Returns whether the time is a Tuesday.
wednesday?: Returns whether the time is a Wednesday.
thursday?: Returns whether the time is a Thursday.
friday?: Returns whether time is a Friday.
saturday?: Returns whether the time is a Saturday.
inspect: Returns the time in detail as a string.
strftime: Returns the time as a string, according to a given format.
to_a: Returns a 10-element array of values from the time.
to_s: Returns a string representation of the time.
getutc (aliased as getgm): Returns a new time converted to UTC.
getlocal: Returns a new time converted to local time.
localtime: Converts time to local time in place.
round:Returns a new time with subseconds rounded.
ceil: Returns a new time with subseconds raised to a ceiling.
floor: Returns a new time with subseconds lowered to a floor.
A timezone argument must have local_to_utc and utc_to_local methods, and may have name, abbr, and dst? methods.
The local_to_utc method should convert a Time-like object from the timezone to UTC, and utc_to_local is the opposite. The result also should be a Time or Time-like object (not necessary to be the same class). The zone of the result is just ignored. Time-like argument to these methods is similar to a Time object in UTC without subsecond; it has attribute readers for the parts, e.g. year, month, and so on, and epoch time readers, to_i. The subsecond attributes are fixed as 0, and utc_offset, zone, isdst, and their aliases are same as a Time object in UTC. Also to_time, +, and - methods are defined.
The name method is used for marshaling. If this method is not defined on a timezone object, Time objects using that timezone object can not be dumped by Marshal.
The abbr method is used by â%Zâ in strftime.
The dst? method is called with a Time value and should return whether the Time value is in daylight savings time in the zone.
At loading marshaled data, a timezone name will be converted to a timezone object by find_timezone class method, if the method is defined.
Similarly, that class method will be called when a timezone argument does not have the necessary methods mentioned above.
Public Class Methodsat(time, subsec = false, unit = :microsecond, in: nil) click to toggle source
Time
This form accepts a Time object time and optional keyword argument in:
Time.at(Time.new) Time.at(Time.new, in: '+09:00')
Seconds
This form accepts a numeric number of seconds sec and optional keyword argument in:
Time.at(946702800) Time.at(946702800, in: '+09:00')
Seconds with Subseconds and Units
This form accepts an integer number of seconds sec_i, a numeric number of milliseconds msec, a symbol argument for the subsecond unit type (defaulting to :usec), and an optional keyword argument in:
Time.at(946702800, 500, :millisecond) Time.at(946702800, 500, :millisecond, in: '+09:00') Time.at(946702800, 500000) Time.at(946702800, 500000, :usec) Time.at(946702800, 500000, :microsecond) Time.at(946702800, 500000, in: '+09:00') Time.at(946702800, 500000, :usec, in: '+09:00') Time.at(946702800, 500000, :microsecond, in: '+09:00') Time.at(946702800, 500000000, :nsec) Time.at(946702800, 500000000, :nanosecond) Time.at(946702800, 500000000, :nsec, in: '+09:00') Time.at(946702800, 500000000, :nanosecond, in: '+09:00')
Parameters:
isec_i is the integer number of seconds in the range 0..60.
msec is the number of milliseconds (Integer, Float, or Rational) in the range 0..1000.
usec is the number of microseconds (Integer, Float, or Rational) in the range 0..1000000.
nsec is the number of nanoseconds (Integer, Float, or Rational) in the range 0..1000000000.
in: zone: a timezone zone, which may be:
A string offset from UTC.
A single letter offset from UTC, in the range 'A'..'Z', 'J' (the so-called military timezone) excluded.
An integer number of seconds.
A timezone object; see Timezone Argument for details.
def self.at(time, subsec = false, unit = :microsecond, in: nil)
if Primitive.mandatory_only?
Primitive.time_s_at1(time)
else
Primitive.time_s_at(time, subsec, unit, Primitive.arg!(:in))
end
end
httpdate(date) click to toggle source
Parses date as an HTTP-date defined by RFC 2616 and converts it to a Time object.
ArgumentError is raised if date is not compliant with RFC 2616 or if the Time class cannot represent specified date.
See httpdate for more information on this format.
require 'time'
Time.httpdate("Thu, 06 Oct 2011 02:26:12 GMT")
You must require âtimeâ to use this method.
def httpdate(date)
if date.match?(/\A\s*
(?:Mon|Tue|Wed|Thu|Fri|Sat|Sun),\x20
(\d{2})\x20
(Jan|Feb|Mar|Apr|May|Jun|Jul|Aug|Sep|Oct|Nov|Dec)\x20
(\d{4})\x20
(\d{2}):(\d{2}):(\d{2})\x20
GMT
\s*\z/ix)
self.rfc2822(date).utc
elsif /\A\s*
(?:Monday|Tuesday|Wednesday|Thursday|Friday|Saturday|Sunday),\x20
(\d\d)-(Jan|Feb|Mar|Apr|May|Jun|Jul|Aug|Sep|Oct|Nov|Dec)-(\d\d)\x20
(\d\d):(\d\d):(\d\d)\x20
GMT
\s*\z/ix =~ date
year = $3.to_i
if year < 50
year += 2000
else
year += 1900
end
self.utc(year, $2, $1.to_i, $4.to_i, $5.to_i, $6.to_i)
elsif /\A\s*
(?:Mon|Tue|Wed|Thu|Fri|Sat|Sun)\x20
(Jan|Feb|Mar|Apr|May|Jun|Jul|Aug|Sep|Oct|Nov|Dec)\x20
(\d\d|\x20\d)\x20
(\d\d):(\d\d):(\d\d)\x20
(\d{4})
\s*\z/ix =~ date
self.utc($6.to_i, MonthValue[$1.upcase], $2.to_i,
$3.to_i, $4.to_i, $5.to_i)
else
raise ArgumentError.new("not RFC 2616 compliant date: #{date.inspect}")
end
end
json_create(object) click to toggle source
Deserializes JSON string by converting time since epoch to Time
def self.json_create(object)
if usec = object.delete('u')
object['n'] = usec * 1000
end
if method_defined?(:tv_nsec)
at(object['s'], Rational(object['n'], 1000))
else
at(object['s'], object['n'] / 1000)
end
end
local(year, month=1, day=1, hour=0, min=0, sec_i=0, usec=0) → new_time click to toggle source
local(sec, min, hour, day, month, year, dummy, dummy, dummy, dummy) → new_time
Returns a new Time object based the on given arguments; its timezone is the local timezone.
In the first form (up to seven arguments), argument year is required.
Time.local(2000) Time.local(0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6.5)
In the second form, all ten arguments are required, though the last four are ignored. This form is useful for creating a time from a 10-element array such as those returned by to_a.
array = Time.now.to_a p array array[5] = 2000 Time.local(*array)
Parameters:
year: an integer year.
month: a month value, which may be:
An integer month in the range 1..12.
A 3-character string that matches regular expression /jan|feb|mar|apr|may|jun|jul|aug|sep|oct|nov|dec/i.
day: an integer day in the range 1..31 (less than 31 for some months).
hour: an integer hour in the range 0..23.
min: an integer minute in the range 0..59.
isec_i is the integer number of seconds in the range 0..60.
usec is the number of microseconds (Integer, Float, or Rational) in the range 0..1000000.
Alias: Time.mktime.
Related: Time.utc.
static VALUE
time_s_mktime(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE klass)
{
struct vtm vtm;
time_arg(argc, argv, &vtm);
return time_localtime(time_new_timew(klass, timelocalw(&vtm)));
}
new(year = (now = true), mon = nil, mday = nil, hour = nil, min = nil, sec = nil, zone = nil, in: nil) click to toggle source
Returns a new Time object based on the given arguments.
With no positional arguments, returns the value of Time.now:
Time.new
Otherwise, returns a new Time object based on the given parameters:
Time.new(2000) Time.new(2000, 12, 31, 23, 59, 59.5) Time.new(2000, 12, 31, 23, 59, 59.5, '+09:00')
Parameters:
year: an integer year.
month: a month value, which may be:
An integer month in the range 1..12.
A 3-character string that matches regular expression /jan|feb|mar|apr|may|jun|jul|aug|sep|oct|nov|dec/i.
day: an integer day in the range 1..31 (less than 31 for some months).
hour: an integer hour in the range 0..23.
min: an integer minute in the range 0..59.
sec is the number of seconds (Integer, Float, or Rational) in the range 0..60.
zone: a timezone, which may be:
A string offset from UTC.
A single letter offset from UTC, in the range 'A'..'Z', 'J' (the so-called military timezone) excluded.
An integer number of seconds.
A timezone object; see Timezone Argument for details.
in: zone: a timezone zone, which may be as above.
def initialize(year = (now = true), mon = nil, mday = nil, hour = nil, min = nil, sec = nil, zone = nil, in: nil)
if zone
if Primitive.arg!(:in)
raise ArgumentError, "timezone argument given as positional and keyword arguments"
end
else
zone = Primitive.arg!(:in)
end
if now
return Primitive.time_init_now(zone)
end
Primitive.time_init_args(year, mon, mday, hour, min, sec, zone)
end
now(in: nil) click to toggle source
Creates a new Time object from the current system time. This is the same as Time.new without arguments.
Time.now Time.now(in: '+04:00')
Parameter:
in: zone: a timezone zone, which may be:
A string offset from UTC.
A single letter offset from UTC, in the range 'A'..'Z', 'J' (the so-called military timezone) excluded.
An integer number of seconds.
A timezone object; see Timezone Argument for details.
def self.now(in: nil) new(in: Primitive.arg!(:in)) end
parse(date, now=self.now) { |year| ... } click to toggle source
Takes a string representation of a Time and attempts to parse it using a heuristic.
This method **does not** function as a validator. If the input string does not match valid formats strictly, you may get a cryptic result. Should consider to use âTime.strptime` instead of this method as possible.
require 'time'
Time.parse("2010-10-31")
Any missing pieces of the date are inferred based on the current date.
require 'time'
Time.parse("12:00")
We can change the date used to infer our missing elements by passing a second object that responds to mon, day and year, such as Date, Time or DateTime. We can also use our own object.
require 'time'
class MyDate
attr_reader :mon, :day, :year
def initialize(mon, day, year)
@mon, @day, @year = mon, day, year
end
end
d = Date.parse("2010-10-28")
t = Time.parse("2010-10-29")
dt = DateTime.parse("2010-10-30")
md = MyDate.new(10,31,2010)
Time.parse("12:00", d)
Time.parse("12:00", t)
Time.parse("12:00", dt)
Time.parse("12:00", md)
If a block is given, the year described in date is converted by the block. This is specifically designed for handling two digit years. For example, if you wanted to treat all two digit years prior to 70 as the year 2000+ you could write this:
require 'time'
Time.parse("01-10-31") {|year| year + (year < 70 ? 2000 : 1900)}
Time.parse("70-10-31") {|year| year + (year < 70 ? 2000 : 1900)}
If the upper components of the given time are broken or missing, they are supplied with those of now. For the lower components, the minimum values (1 or 0) are assumed if broken or missing. For example:
require 'time'
now = Time.parse("Thu Nov 29 14:33:20 2001")
Time.parse("16:30", now)
Time.parse("7/23", now)
Time.parse("Aug 31", now)
Time.parse("Aug 2000", now)
Since there are numerous conflicts among locally defined time zone abbreviations all over the world, this method is not intended to understand all of them. For example, the abbreviation âCSTâ is used variously as:
-06:00 in America/Chicago, -05:00 in America/Havana, +08:00 in Asia/Harbin, +09:30 in Australia/Darwin, +10:30 in Australia/Adelaide, etc.
Based on this fact, this method only understands the time zone abbreviations described in RFC 822 and the system time zone, in the order named. (i.e. a definition in RFC 822 overrides the system time zone definition.) The system time zone is taken from Time.local(year, 1, 1).zone and Time.local(year, 7, 1).zone. If the extracted time zone abbreviation does not match any of them, it is ignored and the given time is regarded as a local time.
ArgumentError is raised if Date._parse cannot extract information from date or if the Time class cannot represent specified date.
This method can be used as a fail-safe for other parsing methods as:
Time.rfc2822(date) rescue Time.parse(date) Time.httpdate(date) rescue Time.parse(date) Time.xmlschema(date) rescue Time.parse(date)
A failure of Time.parse should be checked, though.
You must require âtimeâ to use this method.
def parse(date, now=self.now) comp = !block_given? d = Date._parse(date, comp) year = d[:year] year = yield(year) if year && !comp make_time(date, year, d[:yday], d[:mon], d[:mday], d[:hour], d[:min], d[:sec], d[:sec_fraction], d[:zone], now) end
rfc2822(date) click to toggle source
Parses date as date-time defined by RFC 2822 and converts it to a Time object. The format is identical to the date format defined by RFC 822 and updated by RFC 1123.
ArgumentError is raised if date is not compliant with RFC 2822 or if the Time class cannot represent specified date.
See rfc2822 for more information on this format.
require 'time'
Time.rfc2822("Wed, 05 Oct 2011 22:26:12 -0400")
You must require âtimeâ to use this method.
def rfc2822(date)
if /\A\s*
(?:(?:Mon|Tue|Wed|Thu|Fri|Sat|Sun)\s*,\s*)?
(\d{1,2})\s+
(Jan|Feb|Mar|Apr|May|Jun|Jul|Aug|Sep|Oct|Nov|Dec)\s+
(\d{2,})\s+
(\d{2})\s*
:\s*(\d{2})
(?:\s*:\s*(\d\d))?\s+
([+-]\d{4}|
UT|GMT|EST|EDT|CST|CDT|MST|MDT|PST|PDT|[A-IK-Z])/ix =~ date
day = $1.to_i
mon = MonthValue[$2.upcase]
year = $3.to_i
short_year_p = $3.length <= 3
hour = $4.to_i
min = $5.to_i
sec = $6 ? $6.to_i : 0
zone = $7
if short_year_p
year = if year < 50
2000 + year
else
1900 + year
end
end
off = zone_offset(zone)
year, mon, day, hour, min, sec =
apply_offset(year, mon, day, hour, min, sec, off)
t = self.utc(year, mon, day, hour, min, sec)
force_zone!(t, zone, off)
t
else
raise ArgumentError.new("not RFC 2822 compliant date: #{date.inspect}")
end
end
strptime(date, format, now=self.now) { |year| ... } click to toggle source
Works similar to parse except that instead of using a heuristic to detect the format of the input string, you provide a second argument that describes the format of the string.
If a block is given, the year described in date is converted by the block. For example:
Time.strptime(...) {|y| y < 100 ? (y >= 69 ? y + 1900 : y + 2000) : y}
Below is a list of the formatting options:
The abbreviated weekday name (âSunâ)
The full weekday name (âSundayâ)
The abbreviated month name (âJanâ)
The full month name (âJanuaryâ)
The preferred local date and time representation
Century (20 in 2009)
Day of the month (01..31)
Date (%m/%d/%y)
Day of the month, blank-padded ( 1..31)
Equivalent to %Y-%m-%d (the ISO 8601 date format)
The last two digits of the commercial year
The week-based year according to ISO-8601 (week 1 starts on Monday and includes January 4)
Equivalent to %b
Hour of the day, 24-hour clock (00..23)
Hour of the day, 12-hour clock (01..12)
Day of the year (001..366)
hour, 24-hour clock, blank-padded ( 0..23)
hour, 12-hour clock, blank-padded ( 0..12)
Millisecond of the second (000..999)
Month of the year (01..12)
Minute of the hour (00..59)
Newline (n)
Fractional seconds digits
Meridian indicator (âAMâ or âPMâ)
Meridian indicator (âamâ or âpmâ)
time, 12-hour (same as %I:%M:%S %p)
time, 24-hour (%H:%M)
Number of seconds since 1970-01-01 00:00:00 UTC.
Second of the minute (00..60)
Tab character (t)
time, 24-hour (%H:%M:%S)
Day of the week as a decimal, Monday being 1. (1..7)
Week number of the current year, starting with the first Sunday as the first day of the first week (00..53)
VMS date (%e-%b-%Y)
Week number of year according to ISO 8601 (01..53)
Week number of the current year, starting with the first Monday as the first day of the first week (00..53)
Day of the week (Sunday is 0, 0..6)
Preferred representation for the date alone, no time
Preferred representation for the time alone, no date
Year without a century (00..99)
Year which may include century, if provided
Time zone as hour offset from UTC (e.g. +0900)
Time zone name
Literal â%â character
date(1) (%a %b %e %H:%M:%S %Z %Y)
require 'time'
Time.strptime("2000-10-31", "%Y-%m-%d")
You must require âtimeâ to use this method.
def strptime(date, format, now=self.now)
d = Date._strptime(date, format)
raise ArgumentError, "invalid date or strptime format - `#{date}' `#{format}'" unless d
if seconds = d[:seconds]
if sec_fraction = d[:sec_fraction]
usec = sec_fraction * 1000000
usec *= -1 if seconds < 0
else
usec = 0
end
t = Time.at(seconds, usec)
if zone = d[:zone]
force_zone!(t, zone)
end
else
year = d[:year]
year = yield(year) if year && block_given?
yday = d[:yday]
if (d[:cwyear] && !year) || ((d[:cwday] || d[:cweek]) && !(d[:mon] && d[:mday]))
return Date.strptime(date, format).to_time
end
if (d[:wnum0] || d[:wnum1]) && !yday && !(d[:mon] && d[:mday])
yday = Date.strptime(date, format).yday
end
t = make_time(date, year, yday, d[:mon], d[:mday], d[:hour], d[:min], d[:sec], d[:sec_fraction], d[:zone], now)
end
t
end
utc(year, month=1, day=1, hour=0, min=0, sec_i=0, usec=0) → new_time click to toggle source
utc(sec_i, min, hour, day, month, year, dummy, dummy, dummy, dummy) → new_time
Returns a new Time object based the on given arguments; its timezone is UTC.
In the first form (up to seven arguments), argument year is required.
Time.utc(2000) Time.utc(0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6.5)
In the second form, all ten arguments are required, though the last four are ignored. This form is useful for creating a time from a 10-element array such as is returned by to_a.
array = Time.now.to_a p array array[5] = 2000 Time.utc(*array)
Parameters:
year: an integer year.
month: a month value, which may be:
An integer month in the range 1..12.
A 3-character string that matches regular expression /jan|feb|mar|apr|may|jun|jul|aug|sep|oct|nov|dec/i.
day: an integer day in the range 1..31 (less than 31 for some months).
hour: an integer hour in the range 0..23.
min: an integer minute in the range 0..59.
isec_i is the integer number of seconds in the range 0..60.
usec is the number of microseconds (Integer, Float, or Rational) in the range 0..1000000.
Alias: Time.gm.
Related: Time.local.
static VALUE
time_s_mkutc(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE klass)
{
struct vtm vtm;
time_arg(argc, argv, &vtm);
return time_gmtime(time_new_timew(klass, timegmw(&vtm)));
}
xmlschema(time) click to toggle source
Parses time as a dateTime defined by the XML Schema and converts it to a Time object. The format is a restricted version of the format defined by ISO 8601.
ArgumentError is raised if time is not compliant with the format or if the Time class cannot represent the specified time.
See xmlschema for more information on this format.
require 'time'
Time.xmlschema("2011-10-05T22:26:12-04:00")
You must require âtimeâ to use this method.
def xmlschema(time)
if /\A\s*
(-?\d+)-(\d\d)-(\d\d)
T
(\d\d):(\d\d):(\d\d)
(\.\d+)?
(Z|[+-]\d\d(?::?\d\d)?)?
\s*\z/ix =~ time
year = $1.to_i
mon = $2.to_i
day = $3.to_i
hour = $4.to_i
min = $5.to_i
sec = $6.to_i
usec = 0
if $7
usec = Rational($7) * 1000000
end
if $8
zone = $8
off = zone_offset(zone)
year, mon, day, hour, min, sec =
apply_offset(year, mon, day, hour, min, sec, off)
t = self.utc(year, mon, day, hour, min, sec, usec)
force_zone!(t, zone, off)
t
else
self.local(year, mon, day, hour, min, sec, usec)
end
else
raise ArgumentError.new("invalid xmlschema format: #{time.inspect}")
end
end
zone_offset(zone, year=self.now.year) click to toggle source
Return the number of seconds the specified time zone differs from UTC.
Numeric time zones that include minutes, such as -10:00 or +1330 will work, as will simpler hour-only time zones like -10 or +13.
Textual time zones listed in ZoneOffset are also supported.
If the time zone does not match any of the above, zone_offset will check if the local time zone (both with and without potential Daylight Saving Time changes being in effect) matches zone. Specifying a value for year will change the year used to find the local time zone.
If zone_offset is unable to determine the offset, nil will be returned.
require 'time'
Time.zone_offset("EST")
You must require âtimeâ to use this method.
def zone_offset(zone, year=self.now.year)
off = nil
zone = zone.upcase
if /\A([+-])(\d\d)(:?)(\d\d)(?:\3(\d\d))?\z/ =~ zone
off = ($1 == '-' ? -1 : 1) * (($2.to_i * 60 + $4.to_i) * 60 + $5.to_i)
elsif zone.match?(/\A[+-]\d\d\z/)
off = zone.to_i * 3600
elsif ZoneOffset.include?(zone)
off = ZoneOffset[zone] * 3600
elsif ((t = self.local(year, 1, 1)).zone.upcase == zone rescue false)
off = t.utc_offset
elsif ((t = self.local(year, 7, 1)).zone.upcase == zone rescue false)
off = t.utc_offset
end
off
end Public Instance Methods
time + numeric → time click to toggle source
Adds some number of seconds (possibly including subsecond) to time and returns that value as a new Time object.
t = Time.now t + (60 * 60 * 24)
static VALUE
time_plus(VALUE time1, VALUE time2)
{
struct time_object *tobj;
GetTimeval(time1, tobj);
if (IsTimeval(time2)) {
rb_raise(rb_eTypeError, "time + time?");
}
return time_add(tobj, time1, time2, 1);
}
time - other_time → float click to toggle source
time - numeric → time
Returns a difference in seconds as a Float between time and other_time, or subtracts the given number of seconds in numeric from time.
t = Time.now t2 = t + 2592000 t2 - t t2 - 2592000
static VALUE
time_minus(VALUE time1, VALUE time2)
{
struct time_object *tobj;
GetTimeval(time1, tobj);
if (IsTimeval(time2)) {
struct time_object *tobj2;
GetTimeval(time2, tobj2);
return rb_Float(rb_time_unmagnify_to_float(wsub(tobj->timew, tobj2->timew)));
}
return time_add(tobj, time1, time2, -1);
}
time <=> other_time → -1, 0, +1, or nil click to toggle source
Compares time with other_time.
-1, 0, +1 or nil depending on whether time is less than, equal to, or greater than other_time.
nil is returned if the two values are incomparable.
t = Time.now t2 = t + 2592000 t <=> t2 t2 <=> t t = Time.now t2 = t + 0.1 t.nsec t2.nsec t <=> t2 t2 <=> t t <=> t
static VALUE
time_cmp(VALUE time1, VALUE time2)
{
struct time_object *tobj1, *tobj2;
int n;
GetTimeval(time1, tobj1);
if (IsTimeval(time2)) {
GetTimeval(time2, tobj2);
n = wcmp(tobj1->timew, tobj2->timew);
}
else {
return rb_invcmp(time1, time2);
}
if (n == 0) return INT2FIX(0);
if (n > 0) return INT2FIX(1);
return INT2FIX(-1);
}
as_json(*) click to toggle source
Returns a hash, that will be turned into a JSON object and represent this object.
def as_json(*)
nanoseconds = [ tv_usec * 1000 ]
respond_to?(:tv_nsec) and nanoseconds << tv_nsec
nanoseconds = nanoseconds.max
{
JSON.create_id => self.class.name,
's' => tv_sec,
'n' => nanoseconds,
}
end
asctime → string
Returns a canonical string representation of time.
Time.now.asctime Time.now.ctime
ceil([ndigits]) → new_time click to toggle source
Ceils subsecond to a given precision in decimal digits (0 digits by default). It returns a new Time object. ndigits should be zero or a positive integer.
t = Time.utc(2010,3,30, 5,43,25.0123456789r) t t.ceil t.ceil(0) t.ceil(1) t.ceil(2) t.ceil(3) t.ceil(4) t = Time.utc(1999,12,31, 23,59,59) (t + 0.4).ceil (t + 0.9).ceil (t + 1.4).ceil (t + 1.9).ceil t = Time.utc(1999,12,31, 23,59,59) (t + 0.123456789).ceil(4)
static VALUE
time_ceil(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE time)
{
VALUE ndigits, v, den;
struct time_object *tobj;
if (!rb_check_arity(argc, 0, 1) || NIL_P(ndigits = argv[0]))
den = INT2FIX(1);
else
den = ndigits_denominator(ndigits);
GetTimeval(time, tobj);
v = w2v(rb_time_unmagnify(tobj->timew));
v = modv(v, den);
if (!rb_equal(v, INT2FIX(0))) {
v = subv(den, v);
}
return time_add(tobj, time, v, 1);
}
ctime → string click to toggle source
Returns a canonical string representation of time.
Time.now.asctime Time.now.ctime
static VALUE
time_asctime(VALUE time)
{
return strftimev("%a %b %e %T %Y", time, rb_usascii_encoding());
}
day → integer
Returns the day of the month (1..31) for time.
t = Time.now t.day t.mday
dst? → true or false
Returns true if time occurs during Daylight Saving Time in its time zone.
Time.local(2000, 1, 1).zone Time.local(2000, 1, 1).isdst Time.local(2000, 1, 1).dst? Time.local(2000, 7, 1).zone Time.local(2000, 7, 1).isdst Time.local(2000, 7, 1).dst? Time.local(2000, 1, 1).zone Time.local(2000, 1, 1).isdst Time.local(2000, 1, 1).dst? Time.local(2000, 7, 1).zone Time.local(2000, 7, 1).isdst Time.local(2000, 7, 1).dst?
eql?(other_time) click to toggle source
Returns true if time and other_time are both Time objects with the same seconds (including subsecond) from the Epoch.
static VALUE
time_eql(VALUE time1, VALUE time2)
{
struct time_object *tobj1, *tobj2;
GetTimeval(time1, tobj1);
if (IsTimeval(time2)) {
GetTimeval(time2, tobj2);
return rb_equal(w2v(tobj1->timew), w2v(tobj2->timew));
}
return Qfalse;
}
floor([ndigits]) → new_time click to toggle source
Floors subsecond to a given precision in decimal digits (0 digits by default). It returns a new Time object. ndigits should be zero or a positive integer.
t = Time.utc(2010,3,30, 5,43,25.123456789r) t t.floor t.floor(0) t.floor(1) t.floor(2) t.floor(3) t.floor(4) t = Time.utc(1999,12,31, 23,59,59) (t + 0.4).floor (t + 0.9).floor (t + 1.4).floor (t + 1.9).floor t = Time.utc(1999,12,31, 23,59,59) (t + 0.123456789).floor(4)
static VALUE
time_floor(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE time)
{
VALUE ndigits, v, den;
struct time_object *tobj;
if (!rb_check_arity(argc, 0, 1) || NIL_P(ndigits = argv[0]))
den = INT2FIX(1);
else
den = ndigits_denominator(ndigits);
GetTimeval(time, tobj);
v = w2v(rb_time_unmagnify(tobj->timew));
v = modv(v, den);
return time_add(tobj, time, v, -1);
}
friday? → true or false click to toggle source
Returns true if time represents Friday.
t = Time.local(1987, 12, 18) t.friday?
static VALUE
time_friday(VALUE time)
{
wday_p(5);
}
getgm → new_time click to toggle source
Returns a new Time object representing time in UTC.
t = Time.local(2000,1,1,20,15,1) t.gmt? y = t.getgm y.gmt? t == y
static VALUE
time_getgmtime(VALUE time)
{
return time_gmtime(time_dup(time));
}
getlocal → new_time click to toggle source
getlocal(utc_offset) → new_time
getlocal(timezone) → new_time
Returns a new Time object representing time in local time (using the local time zone in effect for this process).
If utc_offset is given, it is used instead of the local time. utc_offset can be given as a human-readable string (eg. "+09:00") or as a number of seconds (eg. 32400).
t = Time.utc(2000,1,1,20,15,1)
t.utc?
l = t.getlocal
l.utc?
t == l
j = t.getlocal("+09:00")
j.utc?
t == j
k = t.getlocal(9*60*60)
k.utc?
t == k
static VALUE
time_getlocaltime(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE time)
{
VALUE off;
if (rb_check_arity(argc, 0, 1) && !NIL_P(off = argv[0])) {
VALUE zone = off;
if (maybe_tzobj_p(zone)) {
VALUE t = time_dup(time);
if (zone_localtime(off, t)) return t;
}
if (NIL_P(off = utc_offset_arg(off))) {
off = zone;
if (NIL_P(zone = find_timezone(time, off))) invalid_utc_offset(off);
time = time_dup(time);
if (!zone_localtime(zone, time)) invalid_utc_offset(off);
return time;
}
else if (off == UTC_ZONE) {
return time_gmtime(time_dup(time));
}
validate_utc_offset(off);
time = time_dup(time);
time_set_utc_offset(time, off);
return time_fixoff(time);
}
return time_localtime(time_dup(time));
}
getutc → new_time
Returns a new Time object representing time in UTC.
t = Time.local(2000,1,1,20,15,1) t.gmt? y = t.getgm y.gmt? t == y
gmt? → true or false
Returns true if time represents a time in UTC (GMT).
t = Time.now t.utc? t = Time.gm(2000,"jan",1,20,15,1) t.utc? t = Time.now t.gmt? t = Time.gm(2000,1,1,20,15,1) t.gmt?
gmt_offset → integer
Returns the offset in seconds between the timezone of time and UTC.
t = Time.gm(2000,1,1,20,15,1) t.gmt_offset l = t.getlocal l.gmt_offset
gmtime → time click to toggle source
Converts time to UTC (GMT), modifying the receiver.
t = Time.now t.gmt? t.gmtime t.gmt? t = Time.now t.utc? t.utc t.utc?
static VALUE
time_gmtime(VALUE time)
{
struct time_object *tobj;
struct vtm vtm;
GetTimeval(time, tobj);
if (TZMODE_UTC_P(tobj)) {
if (tobj->tm_got)
return time;
}
else {
time_modify(time);
}
vtm.zone = str_utc;
GMTIMEW(tobj->timew, &vtm);
tobj->vtm = vtm;
tobj->tm_got = 1;
TZMODE_SET_UTC(tobj);
return time;
}
gmtoff → integer click to toggle source
Returns the offset in seconds between the timezone of time and UTC.
t = Time.gm(2000,1,1,20,15,1) t.gmt_offset l = t.getlocal l.gmt_offset
VALUE
rb_time_utc_offset(VALUE time)
{
struct time_object *tobj;
GetTimeval(time, tobj);
if (TZMODE_UTC_P(tobj)) {
return INT2FIX(0);
}
else {
MAKE_TM(time, tobj);
return tobj->vtm.utc_offset;
}
}
hash → integer click to toggle source
Returns a hash code for this Time object.
See also Object#hash.
static VALUE
time_hash(VALUE time)
{
struct time_object *tobj;
GetTimeval(time, tobj);
return rb_hash(w2v(tobj->timew));
}
hour → integer click to toggle source
Returns the hour of the day (0..23) for time.
t = Time.now t.hour
static VALUE
time_hour(VALUE time)
{
struct time_object *tobj;
GetTimeval(time, tobj);
MAKE_TM(time, tobj);
return INT2FIX(tobj->vtm.hour);
}
httpdate() click to toggle source
Returns a string which represents the time as RFC 1123 date of HTTP-date defined by RFC 2616:
day-of-week, DD month-name CCYY hh:mm:ss GMT
Note that the result is always UTC (GMT).
require 'time' t = Time.now t.httpdate
You must require âtimeâ to use this method.
def httpdate
getutc.strftime('%a, %d %b %Y %T GMT')
end
inspect → string click to toggle source
Returns a detailed string representing time. Unlike to_s, preserves subsecond in the representation for easier debugging.
t = Time.now t.inspect t.strftime "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S.%N %z" t.utc.inspect t.strftime "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S.%N UTC"
static VALUE
time_inspect(VALUE time)
{
struct time_object *tobj;
VALUE str, subsec;
GetTimeval(time, tobj);
str = strftimev("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S", time, rb_usascii_encoding());
subsec = w2v(wmod(tobj->timew, WINT2FIXWV(TIME_SCALE)));
if (subsec == INT2FIX(0)) {
}
else if (FIXNUM_P(subsec) && FIX2LONG(subsec) < TIME_SCALE) {
long len;
rb_str_catf(str, ".%09ld", FIX2LONG(subsec));
for (len=RSTRING_LEN(str); RSTRING_PTR(str)[len-1] == '0' && len > 0; len--)
;
rb_str_resize(str, len);
}
else {
rb_str_cat_cstr(str, " ");
subsec = quov(subsec, INT2FIX(TIME_SCALE));
rb_str_concat(str, rb_obj_as_string(subsec));
}
if (TZMODE_UTC_P(tobj)) {
rb_str_cat_cstr(str, " UTC");
}
else {
/* ?TODO: subsecond offset */
long off = NUM2LONG(rb_funcall(tobj->vtm.utc_offset, rb_intern("round"), 0));
char sign = (off < 0) ? (off = -off, '-') : '+';
int sec = off % 60;
int min = (off /= 60) % 60;
off /= 60;
rb_str_catf(str, " %c%.2d%.2d", sign, (int)off, min);
if (sec) rb_str_catf(str, "%.2d", sec);
}
return str;
}
isdst → true or false click to toggle source
Returns true if time occurs during Daylight Saving Time in its time zone.
Time.local(2000, 1, 1).zone Time.local(2000, 1, 1).isdst Time.local(2000, 1, 1).dst? Time.local(2000, 7, 1).zone Time.local(2000, 7, 1).isdst Time.local(2000, 7, 1).dst? Time.local(2000, 1, 1).zone Time.local(2000, 1, 1).isdst Time.local(2000, 1, 1).dst? Time.local(2000, 7, 1).zone Time.local(2000, 7, 1).isdst Time.local(2000, 7, 1).dst?
static VALUE
time_isdst(VALUE time)
{
struct time_object *tobj;
GetTimeval(time, tobj);
MAKE_TM(time, tobj);
if (tobj->vtm.isdst == VTM_ISDST_INITVAL) {
rb_raise(rb_eRuntimeError, "isdst is not set yet");
}
return RBOOL(tobj->vtm.isdst);
}
iso8601(fraction_digits=0)
localtime → time click to toggle source
localtime(utc_offset) → time
Converts time to local time (using the local time zone in effect at the creation time of time) modifying the receiver.
If utc_offset is given, it is used instead of the local time.
t = Time.utc(2000, "jan", 1, 20, 15, 1)
t.utc?
t.localtime
t.utc?
t.localtime("+09:00")
t.utc?
If utc_offset is not given and time is local time, just returns the receiver.
static VALUE
time_localtime_m(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE time)
{
VALUE off;
if (rb_check_arity(argc, 0, 1) && !NIL_P(off = argv[0])) {
return time_zonelocal(time, off);
}
return time_localtime(time);
}
mday → integer click to toggle source
Returns the day of the month (1..31) for time.
t = Time.now t.day t.mday
static VALUE
time_mday(VALUE time)
{
struct time_object *tobj;
GetTimeval(time, tobj);
MAKE_TM(time, tobj);
return INT2FIX(tobj->vtm.mday);
}
min → integer click to toggle source
Returns the minute of the hour (0..59) for time.
t = Time.now t.min
static VALUE
time_min(VALUE time)
{
struct time_object *tobj;
GetTimeval(time, tobj);
MAKE_TM(time, tobj);
return INT2FIX(tobj->vtm.min);
}
mon → integer click to toggle source
Returns the month of the year (1..12) for time.
t = Time.now t.mon t.month
static VALUE
time_mon(VALUE time)
{
struct time_object *tobj;
GetTimeval(time, tobj);
MAKE_TM(time, tobj);
return INT2FIX(tobj->vtm.mon);
}
monday? → true or false click to toggle source
Returns true if time represents Monday.
t = Time.local(2003, 8, 4) t.monday?
static VALUE
time_monday(VALUE time)
{
wday_p(1);
}
month()
Returns the month of the year (1..12) for time.
t = Time.now t.mon t.month
nsec → int
Returns the number of nanoseconds for the subsecond part of time. The result is a non-negative integer less than 10**9.
t = Time.now t.nsec
If time has fraction of nanosecond (such as picoseconds), it is truncated.
t = Time.new(2000,1,1,0,0,0.666_777_888_999r) t.nsec
Time#subsec can be used to obtain the subsecond part exactly.
rfc2822() click to toggle source
Returns a string which represents the time as date-time defined by RFC 2822:
day-of-week, DD month-name CCYY hh:mm:ss zone
where zone is [+-]hhmm.
If self is a UTC time, -0000 is used as zone.
require 'time' t = Time.now t.rfc2822
You must require âtimeâ to use this method.
def rfc2822
strftime('%a, %d %b %Y %T ') << (utc? ? '-0000' : strftime('%z'))
end
round([ndigits]) → new_time click to toggle source
Rounds subsecond to a given precision in decimal digits (0 digits by default). It returns a new Time object. ndigits should be zero or a positive integer.
t = Time.utc(2010,3,30, 5,43,25.123456789r) t t.round t.round(0) t.round(1) t.round(2) t.round(3) t.round(4) t = Time.utc(1999,12,31, 23,59,59) (t + 0.4).round (t + 0.49).round (t + 0.5).round (t + 1.4).round (t + 1.49).round (t + 1.5).round t = Time.utc(1999,12,31, 23,59,59) (t + 0.123456789).round(4).iso8601(6)
static VALUE
time_round(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE time)
{
VALUE ndigits, v, den;
struct time_object *tobj;
if (!rb_check_arity(argc, 0, 1) || NIL_P(ndigits = argv[0]))
den = INT2FIX(1);
else
den = ndigits_denominator(ndigits);
GetTimeval(time, tobj);
v = w2v(rb_time_unmagnify(tobj->timew));
v = modv(v, den);
if (lt(v, quov(den, INT2FIX(2))))
return time_add(tobj, time, v, -1);
else
return time_add(tobj, time, subv(den, v), 1);
}
saturday? → true or false click to toggle source
Returns true if time represents Saturday.
t = Time.local(2006, 6, 10) t.saturday?
static VALUE
time_saturday(VALUE time)
{
wday_p(6);
}
sec → integer click to toggle source
Returns the second of the minute (0..60) for time.
Note: Seconds range from zero to 60 to allow the system to inject leap seconds. See en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leap_second for further details.
t = Time.now t.sec
static VALUE
time_sec(VALUE time)
{
struct time_object *tobj;
GetTimeval(time, tobj);
MAKE_TM(time, tobj);
return INT2FIX(tobj->vtm.sec);
}
strftime( string ) → string click to toggle source
Formats time according to the directives in the given format string.
The directives begin with a percent (%) character. Any text not listed as a directive will be passed through to the output string.
The directive consists of a percent (%) character, zero or more flags, optional minimum field width, optional modifier and a conversion specifier as follows:
%<flags><width><modifier><conversion>
Flags:
- don't pad a numerical output _ use spaces for padding 0 use zeros for padding ^ upcase the result string # change case : use colons for %z
The minimum field width specifies the minimum width.
The modifiers are âEâ and âOâ. They are ignored.
Format directives:
Date (Year, Month, Day):
%Y - Year with century if provided, will pad result at least 4 digits.
-0001, 0000, 1995, 2009, 14292, etc.
%C - year / 100 (rounded down such as 20 in 2009)
%y - year % 100 (00..99)
%m - Month of the year, zero-padded (01..12)
%_m blank-padded ( 1..12)
%-m no-padded (1..12)
%B - The full month name (``January'')
%^B uppercased (``JANUARY'')
%b - The abbreviated month name (``Jan'')
%^b uppercased (``JAN'')
%h - Equivalent to %b
%d - Day of the month, zero-padded (01..31)
%-d no-padded (1..31)
%e - Day of the month, blank-padded ( 1..31)
%j - Day of the year (001..366)
Time (Hour, Minute, Second, Subsecond):
%H - Hour of the day, 24-hour clock, zero-padded (00..23)
%k - Hour of the day, 24-hour clock, blank-padded ( 0..23)
%I - Hour of the day, 12-hour clock, zero-padded (01..12)
%l - Hour of the day, 12-hour clock, blank-padded ( 1..12)
%P - Meridian indicator, lowercase (``am'' or ``pm'')
%p - Meridian indicator, uppercase (``AM'' or ``PM'')
%M - Minute of the hour (00..59)
%S - Second of the minute (00..60)
%L - Millisecond of the second (000..999)
The digits under millisecond are truncated to not produce 1000.
%N - Fractional seconds digits, default is 9 digits (nanosecond)
%3N millisecond (3 digits)
%6N microsecond (6 digits)
%9N nanosecond (9 digits)
%12N picosecond (12 digits)
%15N femtosecond (15 digits)
%18N attosecond (18 digits)
%21N zeptosecond (21 digits)
%24N yoctosecond (24 digits)
The digits under the specified length are truncated to avoid
carry up.
Time zone:
%z - Time zone as hour and minute offset from UTC (e.g. +0900)
%:z - hour and minute offset from UTC with a colon (e.g. +09:00)
%::z - hour, minute and second offset from UTC (e.g. +09:00:00)
%Z - Abbreviated time zone name or similar information. (OS dependent)
Weekday:
%A - The full weekday name (``Sunday'')
%^A uppercased (``SUNDAY'')
%a - The abbreviated name (``Sun'')
%^a uppercased (``SUN'')
%u - Day of the week (Monday is 1, 1..7)
%w - Day of the week (Sunday is 0, 0..6)
ISO 8601 week-based year and week number:
The first week of YYYY starts with a Monday and includes YYYY-01-04.
The days in the year before the first week are in the last week of
the previous year.
%G - The week-based year
%g - The last 2 digits of the week-based year (00..99)
%V - Week number of the week-based year (01..53)
Week number:
The first week of YYYY that starts with a Sunday or Monday (according to %U
or %W). The days in the year before the first week are in week 0.
%U - Week number of the year. The week starts with Sunday. (00..53)
%W - Week number of the year. The week starts with Monday. (00..53)
Seconds since the Epoch:
%s - Number of seconds since 1970-01-01 00:00:00 UTC.
Literal string:
%n - Newline character (\n)
%t - Tab character (\t)
%% - Literal ``%'' character
Combination:
%c - date and time (%a %b %e %T %Y)
%D - Date (%m/%d/%y)
%F - The ISO 8601 date format (%Y-%m-%d)
%v - VMS date (%e-%^b-%4Y)
%x - Same as %D
%X - Same as %T
%r - 12-hour time (%I:%M:%S %p)
%R - 24-hour time (%H:%M)
%T - 24-hour time (%H:%M:%S)
This method is similar to strftime() function defined in ISO C and POSIX.
While all directives are locale independent since Ruby 1.9, %Z is platform dependent. So, the result may differ even if the same format string is used in other systems such as C.
%z is recommended over %Z. %Z doesnât identify the timezone. For example, âCSTâ is used at America/Chicago (-06:00), America/Havana (-05:00), Asia/Harbin (+08:00), Australia/Darwin (+09:30) and Australia/Adelaide (+10:30). Also, %Z is highly dependent on the operating system. For example, it may generate a non ASCII string on Japanese Windows, i.e. the result can be different to âJSTâ. So the numeric time zone offset, %z, is recommended.
Examples:
t = Time.new(2007,11,19,8,37,48,"-06:00")
t.strftime("Printed on %m/%d/%Y")
t.strftime("at %I:%M %p")
Various ISO 8601 formats:
%Y%m%d => 20071119 Calendar date (basic) %F => 2007-11-19 Calendar date (extended) %Y-%m => 2007-11 Calendar date, reduced accuracy, specific month %Y => 2007 Calendar date, reduced accuracy, specific year %C => 20 Calendar date, reduced accuracy, specific century %Y%j => 2007323 Ordinal date (basic) %Y-%j => 2007-323 Ordinal date (extended) %GW%V%u => 2007W471 Week date (basic) %G-W%V-%u => 2007-W47-1 Week date (extended) %GW%V => 2007W47 Week date, reduced accuracy, specific week (basic) %G-W%V => 2007-W47 Week date, reduced accuracy, specific week (extended) %H%M%S => 083748 Local time (basic) %T => 08:37:48 Local time (extended) %H%M => 0837 Local time, reduced accuracy, specific minute (basic) %H:%M => 08:37 Local time, reduced accuracy, specific minute (extended) %H => 08 Local time, reduced accuracy, specific hour %H%M%S,%L => 083748,000 Local time with decimal fraction, comma as decimal sign (basic) %T,%L => 08:37:48,000 Local time with decimal fraction, comma as decimal sign (extended) %H%M%S.%L => 083748.000 Local time with decimal fraction, full stop as decimal sign (basic) %T.%L => 08:37:48.000 Local time with decimal fraction, full stop as decimal sign (extended) %H%M%S%z => 083748-0600 Local time and the difference from UTC (basic) %T%:z => 08:37:48-06:00 Local time and the difference from UTC (extended) %Y%m%dT%H%M%S%z => 20071119T083748-0600 Date and time of day for calendar date (basic) %FT%T%:z => 2007-11-19T08:37:48-06:00 Date and time of day for calendar date (extended) %Y%jT%H%M%S%z => 2007323T083748-0600 Date and time of day for ordinal date (basic) %Y-%jT%T%:z => 2007-323T08:37:48-06:00 Date and time of day for ordinal date (extended) %GW%V%uT%H%M%S%z => 2007W471T083748-0600 Date and time of day for week date (basic) %G-W%V-%uT%T%:z => 2007-W47-1T08:37:48-06:00 Date and time of day for week date (extended) %Y%m%dT%H%M => 20071119T0837 Calendar date and local time (basic) %FT%R => 2007-11-19T08:37 Calendar date and local time (extended) %Y%jT%H%MZ => 2007323T0837Z Ordinal date and UTC of day (basic) %Y-%jT%RZ => 2007-323T08:37Z Ordinal date and UTC of day (extended) %GW%V%uT%H%M%z => 2007W471T0837-0600 Week date and local time and difference from UTC (basic) %G-W%V-%uT%R%:z => 2007-W47-1T08:37-06:00 Week date and local time and difference from UTC (extended)
static VALUE
time_strftime(VALUE time, VALUE format)
{
struct time_object *tobj;
const char *fmt;
long len;
rb_encoding *enc;
VALUE tmp;
GetTimeval(time, tobj);
MAKE_TM_ENSURE(time, tobj, tobj->vtm.yday != 0);
StringValue(format);
if (!rb_enc_str_asciicompat_p(format)) {
rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "format should have ASCII compatible encoding");
}
tmp = rb_str_tmp_frozen_acquire(format);
fmt = RSTRING_PTR(tmp);
len = RSTRING_LEN(tmp);
enc = rb_enc_get(format);
if (len == 0) {
rb_warning("strftime called with empty format string");
return rb_enc_str_new(0, 0, enc);
}
else {
VALUE str = rb_strftime_alloc(fmt, len, enc, time, &tobj->vtm, tobj->timew,
TZMODE_UTC_P(tobj));
rb_str_tmp_frozen_release(format, tmp);
if (!str) rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "invalid format: %"PRIsVALUE, format);
return str;
}
}
subsec → number click to toggle source
Returns the subsecond for time.
The return value can be a rational number.
t = Time.now t.subsec t = Time.now t.subsec t = Time.new(2000,1,1,2,3,4) t.subsec Time.new(2000,1,1,0,0,1/3r,"UTC").subsec
static VALUE
time_subsec(VALUE time)
{
struct time_object *tobj;
GetTimeval(time, tobj);
return quov(w2v(wmod(tobj->timew, WINT2FIXWV(TIME_SCALE))), INT2FIX(TIME_SCALE));
}
sunday? → true or false click to toggle source
Returns true if time represents Sunday.
t = Time.local(1990, 4, 1) t.sunday?
static VALUE
time_sunday(VALUE time)
{
wday_p(0);
}
thursday? → true or false click to toggle source
Returns true if time represents Thursday.
t = Time.local(1995, 12, 21) t.thursday?
static VALUE
time_thursday(VALUE time)
{
wday_p(4);
}
to_a → array click to toggle source
Returns a ten-element array of values for time:
[sec, min, hour, day, month, year, wday, yday, isdst, zone]
See the individual methods for an explanation of the valid ranges of each value. The ten elements can be passed directly to Time.utc or Time.local to create a new Time object.
t = Time.now now = t.to_a
static VALUE
time_to_a(VALUE time)
{
struct time_object *tobj;
GetTimeval(time, tobj);
MAKE_TM_ENSURE(time, tobj, tobj->vtm.yday != 0);
return rb_ary_new3(10,
INT2FIX(tobj->vtm.sec),
INT2FIX(tobj->vtm.min),
INT2FIX(tobj->vtm.hour),
INT2FIX(tobj->vtm.mday),
INT2FIX(tobj->vtm.mon),
tobj->vtm.year,
INT2FIX(tobj->vtm.wday),
INT2FIX(tobj->vtm.yday),
RBOOL(tobj->vtm.isdst),
time_zone(time));
}
to_date → date click to toggle source
Returns a Date object which denotes self.
static VALUE
time_to_date(VALUE self)
{
VALUE y, nth, ret;
int ry, m, d;
y = f_year(self);
m = FIX2INT(f_mon(self));
d = FIX2INT(f_mday(self));
decode_year(y, -1, &nth, &ry);
ret = d_simple_new_internal(cDate,
nth, 0,
GREGORIAN,
ry, m, d,
HAVE_CIVIL);
{
get_d1(ret);
set_sg(dat, DEFAULT_SG);
}
return ret;
}
to_datetime → datetime click to toggle source
Returns a DateTime object which denotes self.
static VALUE
time_to_datetime(VALUE self)
{
VALUE y, sf, nth, ret;
int ry, m, d, h, min, s, of;
y = f_year(self);
m = FIX2INT(f_mon(self));
d = FIX2INT(f_mday(self));
h = FIX2INT(f_hour(self));
min = FIX2INT(f_min(self));
s = FIX2INT(f_sec(self));
if (s == 60)
s = 59;
sf = sec_to_ns(f_subsec(self));
of = FIX2INT(f_utc_offset(self));
decode_year(y, -1, &nth, &ry);
ret = d_complex_new_internal(cDateTime,
nth, 0,
0, sf,
of, DEFAULT_SG,
ry, m, d,
h, min, s,
HAVE_CIVIL | HAVE_TIME);
{
get_d1(ret);
set_sg(dat, DEFAULT_SG);
}
return ret;
}
to_f → float click to toggle source
Returns the value of time as a floating point number of seconds since the Epoch. The return value approximate the exact value in the Time object because floating point numbers cannot represent all rational numbers exactly.
t = Time.now t.to_f t.to_i
Note that IEEE 754 double is not accurate enough to represent the exact number of nanoseconds since the Epoch. (IEEE 754 double has 53bit mantissa. So it can represent exact number of nanoseconds only in 2 ** 53 / 1_000_000_000 / 60 / 60 / 24 = 104.2 days.) When Ruby uses a nanosecond-resolution clock function, such as clock_gettime of POSIX, to obtain the current time, Time#to_f can lose information of a Time object created with Time.now.
static VALUE
time_to_f(VALUE time)
{
struct time_object *tobj;
GetTimeval(time, tobj);
return rb_Float(rb_time_unmagnify_to_float(tobj->timew));
}
to_i → int click to toggle source
Returns the value of time as an integer number of seconds since the Epoch.
If time contains subsecond, they are truncated.
t = Time.now t.to_i
static VALUE
time_to_i(VALUE time)
{
struct time_object *tobj;
GetTimeval(time, tobj);
return w2v(wdiv(tobj->timew, WINT2FIXWV(TIME_SCALE)));
}
to_json(*args) click to toggle source
Stores class name (Time) with number of seconds since epoch and number of microseconds for Time as JSON string
def to_json(*args) as_json.to_json(*args) end
to_r → a_rational click to toggle source
Returns the value of time as a rational number of seconds since the Epoch.
t = Time.now t.to_r
This method is intended to be used to get an accurate value representing the seconds (including subsecond) since the Epoch.
static VALUE
time_to_r(VALUE time)
{
struct time_object *tobj;
VALUE v;
GetTimeval(time, tobj);
v = rb_time_unmagnify_to_rational(tobj->timew);
if (!RB_TYPE_P(v, T_RATIONAL)) {
v = rb_Rational1(v);
}
return v;
}
to_s → string click to toggle source
Returns a string representing time. Equivalent to calling strftime with the appropriate format string.
t = Time.now t.to_s t.strftime "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S %z" t.utc.to_s t.strftime "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S UTC"
static VALUE
time_to_s(VALUE time)
{
struct time_object *tobj;
GetTimeval(time, tobj);
if (TZMODE_UTC_P(tobj))
return strftimev("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S UTC", time, rb_usascii_encoding());
else
return strftimev("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S %z", time, rb_usascii_encoding());
}
to_time → time click to toggle source
Returns self.
static VALUE
time_to_time(VALUE self)
{
return self;
}
tuesday? → true or false click to toggle source
Returns true if time represents Tuesday.
t = Time.local(1991, 2, 19) t.tuesday?
static VALUE
time_tuesday(VALUE time)
{
wday_p(2);
}
tv_nsec → int click to toggle source
Returns the number of nanoseconds for the subsecond part of time. The result is a non-negative integer less than 10**9.
t = Time.now t.nsec
If time has fraction of nanosecond (such as picoseconds), it is truncated.
t = Time.new(2000,1,1,0,0,0.666_777_888_999r) t.nsec
Time#subsec can be used to obtain the subsecond part exactly.
static VALUE
time_nsec(VALUE time)
{
struct time_object *tobj;
GetTimeval(time, tobj);
return rb_to_int(w2v(wmulquoll(wmod(tobj->timew, WINT2WV(TIME_SCALE)), 1000000000, TIME_SCALE)));
}
tv_sec → int
Returns the value of time as an integer number of seconds since the Epoch.
If time contains subsecond, they are truncated.
t = Time.now t.to_i
tv_usec → int click to toggle source
Returns the number of microseconds for the subsecond part of time. The result is a non-negative integer less than 10**6.
t = Time.now t.usec
If time has fraction of microsecond (such as nanoseconds), it is truncated.
t = Time.new(2000,1,1,0,0,0.666_777_888_999r) t.usec
Time#subsec can be used to obtain the subsecond part exactly.
static VALUE
time_usec(VALUE time)
{
struct time_object *tobj;
wideval_t w, q, r;
GetTimeval(time, tobj);
w = wmod(tobj->timew, WINT2WV(TIME_SCALE));
wmuldivmod(w, WINT2FIXWV(1000000), WINT2FIXWV(TIME_SCALE), &q, &r);
return rb_to_int(w2v(q));
}
usec → int
Returns the number of microseconds for the subsecond part of time. The result is a non-negative integer less than 10**6.
t = Time.now t.usec
If time has fraction of microsecond (such as nanoseconds), it is truncated.
t = Time.new(2000,1,1,0,0,0.666_777_888_999r) t.usec
Time#subsec can be used to obtain the subsecond part exactly.
utc → time
Converts time to UTC (GMT), modifying the receiver.
t = Time.now t.gmt? t.gmtime t.gmt? t = Time.now t.utc? t.utc t.utc?
utc? → true or false click to toggle source
Returns true if time represents a time in UTC (GMT).
t = Time.now t.utc? t = Time.gm(2000,"jan",1,20,15,1) t.utc? t = Time.now t.gmt? t = Time.gm(2000,1,1,20,15,1) t.gmt?
static VALUE
time_utc_p(VALUE time)
{
struct time_object *tobj;
GetTimeval(time, tobj);
return RBOOL(TZMODE_UTC_P(tobj));
}
utc_offset → integer
Returns the offset in seconds between the timezone of time and UTC.
t = Time.gm(2000,1,1,20,15,1) t.gmt_offset l = t.getlocal l.gmt_offset
wday → integer click to toggle source
Returns an integer representing the day of the week, 0..6, with Sunday == 0.
t = Time.now t.wday t.sunday? t.monday? t.tuesday? t.wednesday? t.thursday? t.friday? t.saturday?
static VALUE
time_wday(VALUE time)
{
struct time_object *tobj;
GetTimeval(time, tobj);
MAKE_TM_ENSURE(time, tobj, tobj->vtm.wday != VTM_WDAY_INITVAL);
return INT2FIX((int)tobj->vtm.wday);
}
wednesday? → true or false click to toggle source
Returns true if time represents Wednesday.
t = Time.local(1993, 2, 24) t.wednesday?
static VALUE
time_wednesday(VALUE time)
{
wday_p(3);
}
xmlschema(fraction_digits=0) click to toggle source
Returns a string which represents the time as a dateTime defined by XML Schema:
CCYY-MM-DDThh:mm:ssTZD CCYY-MM-DDThh:mm:ss.sssTZD
where TZD is Z or [+-]hh:mm.
If self is a UTC time, Z is used as TZD. [+-]hh:mm is used otherwise.
fraction_digits specifies a number of digits to use for fractional seconds. Its default value is 0.
require 'time' t = Time.now t.iso8601
You must require âtimeâ to use this method.
def xmlschema(fraction_digits=0)
fraction_digits = fraction_digits.to_i
s = strftime("%FT%T")
if fraction_digits > 0
s << strftime(".%#{fraction_digits}N")
end
s << (utc? ? 'Z' : strftime("%:z"))
end
yday → integer click to toggle source
Returns an integer representing the day of the year, 1..366.
t = Time.now t.yday
static VALUE
time_yday(VALUE time)
{
struct time_object *tobj;
GetTimeval(time, tobj);
MAKE_TM_ENSURE(time, tobj, tobj->vtm.yday != 0);
return INT2FIX(tobj->vtm.yday);
}
year → integer click to toggle source
Returns the year for time (including the century).
t = Time.now t.year
static VALUE
time_year(VALUE time)
{
struct time_object *tobj;
GetTimeval(time, tobj);
MAKE_TM(time, tobj);
return tobj->vtm.year;
}
zone → string or timezone click to toggle source
Returns the name of the time zone used for time. As of Ruby 1.8, returns âUTCâ rather than âGMTâ for UTC times.
t = Time.gm(2000, "jan", 1, 20, 15, 1) t.zone t = Time.local(2000, "jan", 1, 20, 15, 1) t.zone
static VALUE
time_zone(VALUE time)
{
struct time_object *tobj;
VALUE zone;
GetTimeval(time, tobj);
MAKE_TM(time, tobj);
if (TZMODE_UTC_P(tobj)) {
return rb_usascii_str_new_cstr("UTC");
}
zone = tobj->vtm.zone;
if (NIL_P(zone))
return Qnil;
if (RB_TYPE_P(zone, T_STRING))
zone = rb_str_dup(zone);
return zone;
}
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