public String toString()
Converts the object to a string. The string representation is the string "class" or "interface", followed by a space, and then by the fully qualified name of the class in the format returned by getName. If this Class object represents a primitive type, this method returns the name of the primitive type. If this Class object represents void this method returns "void". If this Class object represents an array type, this method returns "class " followed by getName.
public String toGenericString()
Returns a string describing this
Class
, including information about modifiers and type parameters. The string is formatted as a list of type modifiers, if any, followed by the kind of type (empty string for primitive types and
class
,
enum
,
interface
, or
@interface
, as appropriate), followed by the type's name, followed by an angle-bracketed comma-separated list of the type's type parameters, if any. A space is used to separate modifiers from one another and to separate any modifiers from the kind of type. The modifiers occur in canonical order. If there are no type parameters, the type parameter list is elided. For an array type, the string starts with the type name, followed by an angle-bracketed comma-separated list of the type's type parameters, if any, followed by a sequence of
[]
characters, one set of brackets per dimension of the array.
Note that since information about the runtime representation of a type is being generated, modifiers not present on the originating source code or illegal on the originating source code may be present.
Class, including information about modifiers and type parameters
public static Class<?> forName(String className) throws ClassNotFoundException
Returns the
Class
object associated with the class or interface with the given string name. Invoking this method is equivalent to:
Class.forName(className, true, currentLoader)
where
currentLoader
denotes the defining class loader of the current class.
For example, the following code fragment returns the runtime Class descriptor for the class named java.lang.Thread:
Class t = Class.forName("java.lang.Thread")
A call to forName("X") causes the class named X to be initialized.
className - the fully qualified name of the desired class.
Class object for the class with the specified name.
LinkageError - if the linkage fails
ExceptionInInitializerError - if the initialization provoked by this method fails
ClassNotFoundException - if the class cannot be located
public static Class<?> forName(String name, boolean initialize, ClassLoader loader) throws ClassNotFoundException
Returns the
Class
object associated with the class or interface with the given string name, using the given class loader. Given the fully qualified name for a class or interface (in the same format returned by
getName
) this method attempts to locate, load, and link the class or interface. The specified class loader is used to load the class or interface. If the parameter
loader
is null, the class is loaded through the bootstrap class loader. The class is initialized only if the
initialize
parameter is
true
and if it has not been initialized earlier.
If name denotes a primitive type or void, an attempt will be made to locate a user-defined class in the unnamed package whose name is name. Therefore, this method cannot be used to obtain any of the Class objects representing primitive types or void.
If name denotes an array class, the component type of the array class is loaded but not initialized.
For example, in an instance method the expression:
Class.forName("Foo")
is equivalent to:
Class.forName("Foo", true, this.getClass().getClassLoader())
Note that this method throws errors related to loading, linking or initializing as specified in Sections 12.2, 12.3 and 12.4 of
The Java Language Specification. Note that this method does not check whether the requested class is accessible to its caller.
name - fully qualified name of the desired class
initialize - if true the class will be initialized. See Section 12.4 of The Java Language Specification.
loader - class loader from which the class must be loaded
LinkageError - if the linkage fails
ExceptionInInitializerError - if the initialization provoked by this method fails
ClassNotFoundException - if the class cannot be located by the specified class loader
SecurityException - if a security manager is present, and the loader is null, and the caller's class loader is not null, and the caller does not have the RuntimePermission("getClassLoader")
forName(String), ClassLoader
public static Class<?> forName(Module module, String name)
Returns the
Class
with the given
binary namein the given module.
This method attempts to locate, load, and link the class or interface. It does not run the class initializer. If the class is not found, this method returns null.
If the class loader of the given module defines other modules and the given name is a class defined in a different module, this method returns null after the class is loaded.
This method does not check whether the requested class is accessible to its caller.
null on failure rather than throwing a ClassNotFoundException, as is done by the forName(String, boolean, ClassLoader) method. The security check is a stack-based permission check if the caller loads a class in another module.
module - A module
name - The binary name of the class
Class object of the given name defined in the given module; null if not found.
NullPointerException - if the given module or name is null
LinkageError - if the linkage fails
SecurityException -
RuntimePermission("getClassLoader") permission is denied; orModuleReader.open(String) to read the bytes of a class file in a module.@Deprecated(since="9") public T newInstance() throws InstantiationException, IllegalAccessException
Creates a new instance of the class represented by this Class object. The class is instantiated as if by a new expression with an empty argument list. The class is initialized if it has not already been initialized.
IllegalAccessException - if the class or its nullary constructor is not accessible.
InstantiationException - if this Class represents an abstract class, an interface, an array class, a primitive type, or void; or if the class has no nullary constructor; or if the instantiation fails for some other reason.
ExceptionInInitializerError - if the initialization provoked by this method fails.
SecurityException - If a security manager, s, is present and the caller's class loader is not the same as or an ancestor of the class loader for the current class and invocation of s.checkPackageAccess() denies access to the package of this class.
public boolean isInstance(Object obj)
Determines if the specified
Object
is assignment-compatible with the object represented by this
Class
. This method is the dynamic equivalent of the Java language
instanceof
operator. The method returns
true
if the specified
Object
argument is non-null and can be cast to the reference type represented by this
Class
object without raising a
ClassCastException.
It returns
false
otherwise.
Specifically, if this Class object represents a declared class, this method returns true if the specified Object argument is an instance of the represented class (or of any of its subclasses); it returns false otherwise. If this Class object represents an array class, this method returns true if the specified Object argument can be converted to an object of the array class by an identity conversion or by a widening reference conversion; it returns false otherwise. If this Class object represents an interface, this method returns true if the class or any superclass of the specified Object argument implements this interface; it returns false otherwise. If this Class object represents a primitive type, this method returns false.
obj - the object to check
obj is an instance of this class
public boolean isAssignableFrom(Class<?> cls)
Determines if the class or interface represented by this
Class
object is either the same as, or is a superclass or superinterface of, the class or interface represented by the specified
Class
parameter. It returns
true
if so; otherwise it returns
false
. If this
Class
object represents a primitive type, this method returns
true
if the specified
Class
parameter is exactly this
Class
object; otherwise it returns
false
.
Specifically, this method tests whether the type represented by the specified Class parameter can be converted to the type represented by this Class object via an identity conversion or via a widening reference conversion. See The Java Language Specification, sections 5.1.1 and 5.1.4 , for details.
cls - the Class object to be checked
boolean value indicating whether objects of the type cls can be assigned to objects of this class
NullPointerException - if the specified Class parameter is null.
public boolean isInterface()
Determines if the specified Class object represents an interface type.
true if this object represents an interface; false otherwise.
public boolean isArray()
Determines if this Class object represents an array class.
true if this object represents an array class; false otherwise.
public boolean isPrimitive()
Determines if the specified
Class
object represents a primitive type.
There are nine predefined Class objects to represent the eight primitive types and void. These are created by the Java Virtual Machine, and have the same names as the primitive types that they represent, namely boolean, byte, char, short, int, long, float, and double.
These objects may only be accessed via the following public static final variables, and are the only Class objects for which this method returns true.
Boolean.TYPE, Character.TYPE, Byte.TYPE, Short.TYPE, Integer.TYPE, Long.TYPE, Float.TYPE, Double.TYPE, Void.TYPE
public boolean isAnnotation()
Returns true if this
Class
object represents an annotation type. Note that if this method returns true,
isInterface()
would also return true, as all annotation types are also interfaces.
true if this class object represents an annotation type; false otherwise
public boolean isSynthetic()
Returns true if this class is a synthetic class; returns false otherwise.
true if and only if this class is a synthetic class as defined by the Java Language Specification.
public String getName()
Returns the name of the entity (class, interface, array class, primitive type, or void) represented by this
Class
object, as a
String
.
If this class object represents a reference type that is not an array type then the binary name of the class is returned, as specified by The Java™ Language Specification.
If this class object represents a primitive type or void, then the name returned is a String equal to the Java language keyword corresponding to the primitive type or void.
If this class object represents a class of arrays, then the internal form of the name consists of the name of the element type preceded by one or more '[' characters representing the depth of the array nesting. The encoding of element type names is as follows:
Element types and encodings Element Type Encoding boolean Z byte B char C class or interface Lclassname; double D float F int I long J short S
The class or interface name classname is the binary name of the class specified above.
Examples:
String.class.getName()
returns "java.lang.String"
byte.class.getName()
returns "byte"
(new Object[3]).getClass().getName()
returns "[Ljava.lang.Object;"
(new int[3][4][5][6][7][8][9]).getClass().getName()
returns "[[[[[[[I"
public ClassLoader getClassLoader()
If this object represents a primitive type or void, null is returned.
SecurityException - if a security manager is present, and the caller's class loader is not null and is not the same as or an ancestor of the class loader for the class whose class loader is requested, and the caller does not have the RuntimePermission("getClassLoader")
ClassLoader, SecurityManager.checkPermission(java.security.Permission), RuntimePermission
public Module getModule()
Returns the module that this class or interface is a member of. If this class represents an array type then this method returns the
Module
for the element type. If this class represents a primitive type or void, then the
Module
object for the
java.base
module is returned. If this class is in an unnamed module then the
unnamed Module
of the class loader for this class is returned.
public TypeVariable<Class<T>>[] getTypeParameters()
Returns an array of TypeVariable objects that represent the type variables declared by the generic declaration represented by this GenericDeclaration object, in declaration order. Returns an array of length 0 if the underlying generic declaration declares no type variables.
getTypeParameters in interface GenericDeclaration
TypeVariable objects that represent the type variables declared by this generic declaration
GenericSignatureFormatError - if the generic signature of this generic declaration does not conform to the format specified in The Java™ Virtual Machine Specification
public Class<? super T> getSuperclass()
Returns the Class representing the direct superclass of the entity (class, interface, primitive type or void) represented by this Class. If this Class represents either the Object class, an interface, a primitive type, or void, then null is returned. If this object represents an array class then the Class object representing the Object class is returned.
public Type getGenericSuperclass()
Returns the
Type
representing the direct superclass of the entity (class, interface, primitive type or void) represented by this
Class
.
If the superclass is a parameterized type, the Type object returned must accurately reflect the actual type parameters used in the source code. The parameterized type representing the superclass is created if it had not been created before. See the declaration of ParameterizedType for the semantics of the creation process for parameterized types. If this Class represents either the Object class, an interface, a primitive type, or void, then null is returned. If this object represents an array class then the Class object representing the Object class is returned.
GenericSignatureFormatError - if the generic class signature does not conform to the format specified in The Java™ Virtual Machine Specification
TypeNotPresentException - if the generic superclass refers to a non-existent type declaration
MalformedParameterizedTypeException - if the generic superclass refers to a parameterized type that cannot be instantiated for any reason
public Package getPackage()
If this class represents an array type, a primitive type or void, this method returns null.
public String getPackageName()
Returns the fully qualified package name.
If this class is a top level class, then this method returns the fully qualified name of the package that the class is a member of, or the empty string if the class is in an unnamed package.
If this class is a member class, then this method is equivalent to invoking getPackageName() on the enclosing class.
If this class is a local class or an anonymous class, then this method is equivalent to invoking getPackageName() on the declaring class of the enclosing method or enclosing constructor.
If this class represents an array type then this method returns the package name of the element type. If this class represents a primitive type or void then the package name "java.lang" is returned.
public Class<?>[] getInterfaces()
Returns the interfaces directly implemented by the class or interface represented by this object.
If this object represents a class, the return value is an array containing objects representing all interfaces directly implemented by the class. The order of the interface objects in the array corresponds to the order of the interface names in the implements clause of the declaration of the class represented by this object. For example, given the declaration:
class Shimmer implements FloorWax, DessertTopping { ... }
suppose the value of
s
is an instance of
Shimmer
; the value of the expression:
s.getClass().getInterfaces()[0]
is the
Class
object that represents interface
FloorWax
; and the value of:
s.getClass().getInterfaces()[1]
is the
Class
object that represents interface
DessertTopping
.
If this object represents an interface, the array contains objects representing all interfaces directly extended by the interface. The order of the interface objects in the array corresponds to the order of the interface names in the extends clause of the declaration of the interface represented by this object.
If this object represents a class or interface that implements no interfaces, the method returns an array of length 0.
If this object represents a primitive type or void, the method returns an array of length 0.
If this Class object represents an array type, the interfaces Cloneable and java.io.Serializable are returned in that order.
public Type[] getGenericInterfaces()
Returns the
Type
s representing the interfaces directly implemented by the class or interface represented by this object.
If a superinterface is a parameterized type, the Type object returned for it must accurately reflect the actual type parameters used in the source code. The parameterized type representing each superinterface is created if it had not been created before. See the declaration of ParameterizedType for the semantics of the creation process for parameterized types.
If this object represents a class, the return value is an array containing objects representing all interfaces directly implemented by the class. The order of the interface objects in the array corresponds to the order of the interface names in the implements clause of the declaration of the class represented by this object.
If this object represents an interface, the array contains objects representing all interfaces directly extended by the interface. The order of the interface objects in the array corresponds to the order of the interface names in the extends clause of the declaration of the interface represented by this object.
If this object represents a class or interface that implements no interfaces, the method returns an array of length 0.
If this object represents a primitive type or void, the method returns an array of length 0.
If this Class object represents an array type, the interfaces Cloneable and java.io.Serializable are returned in that order.
GenericSignatureFormatError - if the generic class signature does not conform to the format specified in The Java™ Virtual Machine Specification
TypeNotPresentException - if any of the generic superinterfaces refers to a non-existent type declaration
MalformedParameterizedTypeException - if any of the generic superinterfaces refer to a parameterized type that cannot be instantiated for any reason
public Class<?> getComponentType()
Returns the Class representing the component type of an array. If this class does not represent an array class this method returns null.
Class representing the component type of this class if this class is an array
Array
public int getModifiers()
Returns the Java language modifiers for this class or interface, encoded in an integer. The modifiers consist of the Java Virtual Machine's constants for
public
,
protected
,
private
,
final
,
static
,
abstract
and
interface
; they should be decoded using the methods of class
Modifier
.
If the underlying class is an array class, then its public, private and protected modifiers are the same as those of its component type. If this Class represents a primitive type or void, its public modifier is always true, and its protected and private modifiers are always false. If this object represents an array class, a primitive type or void, then its final modifier is always true and its interface modifier is always false. The values of its other modifiers are not determined by this specification.
The modifier encodings are defined in The Java Virtual Machine Specification, table 4.1.
int representing the modifiers for this class
Modifier
public Object[] getSigners()
Gets the signers of this class.
public Method getEnclosingMethod() throws SecurityException
If this
Class
object represents a local or anonymous class within a method, returns a
Method
object representing the immediately enclosing method of the underlying class. Returns
null
otherwise. In particular, this method returns
null
if the underlying class is a local or anonymous class immediately enclosed by a type declaration, instance initializer or static initializer.
null.
SecurityException - If a security manager, s, is present and any of the following conditions is met:
s.checkPermission method with RuntimePermission("accessDeclaredMembers") denies access to the methods within the enclosing classs.checkPackageAccess() denies access to the package of the enclosing classpublic Constructor<?> getEnclosingConstructor() throws SecurityException
If this
Class
object represents a local or anonymous class within a constructor, returns a
Constructor
object representing the immediately enclosing constructor of the underlying class. Returns
null
otherwise. In particular, this method returns
null
if the underlying class is a local or anonymous class immediately enclosed by a type declaration, instance initializer or static initializer.
null.
SecurityException - If a security manager, s, is present and any of the following conditions is met:
s.checkPermission method with RuntimePermission("accessDeclaredMembers") denies access to the constructors within the enclosing classs.checkPackageAccess() denies access to the package of the enclosing classpublic Class<?> getDeclaringClass() throws SecurityException
If the class or interface represented by this Class object is a member of another class, returns the Class object representing the class in which it was declared. This method returns null if this class or interface is not a member of any other class. If this Class object represents an array class, a primitive type, or void,then this method returns null.
SecurityException - If a security manager, s, is present and the caller's class loader is not the same as or an ancestor of the class loader for the declaring class and invocation of s.checkPackageAccess() denies access to the package of the declaring class
public Class<?> getEnclosingClass() throws SecurityException
Returns the immediately enclosing class of the underlying class. If the underlying class is a top level class this method returns null.
SecurityException - If a security manager, s, is present and the caller's class loader is not the same as or an ancestor of the class loader for the enclosing class and invocation of s.checkPackageAccess() denies access to the package of the enclosing class
public String getSimpleName()
The simple name of an array is the simple name of the component type with "[]" appended. In particular the simple name of an array whose component type is anonymous is "[]".
public String getTypeName()
Return an informative string for the name of this type.
getTypeName in interface Type
public String getCanonicalName()
Returns the canonical name of the underlying class as defined by the Java Language Specification. Returns null if the underlying class does not have a canonical name (i.e., if it is a local or anonymous class or an array whose component type does not have a canonical name).
null otherwise.
public boolean isAnonymousClass()
Returns true if and only if the underlying class is an anonymous class.
true if and only if this class is an anonymous class.
public boolean isLocalClass()
Returns true if and only if the underlying class is a local class.
true if and only if this class is a local class.
public boolean isMemberClass()
Returns true if and only if the underlying class is a member class.
true if and only if this class is a member class.
public Class<?>[] getClasses()
Returns an array containing Class objects representing all the public classes and interfaces that are members of the class represented by this Class object. This includes public class and interface members inherited from superclasses and public class and interface members declared by the class. This method returns an array of length 0 if this Class object has no public member classes or interfaces. This method also returns an array of length 0 if this Class object represents a primitive type, an array class, or void.
Class objects representing the public members of this class
SecurityException - If a security manager, s, is present and the caller's class loader is not the same as or an ancestor of the class loader for the current class and invocation of s.checkPackageAccess() denies access to the package of this class.
public Field[] getFields() throws SecurityException
Returns an array containing
Field
objects reflecting all the accessible public fields of the class or interface represented by this
Class
object.
If this Class object represents a class or interface with no accessible public fields, then this method returns an array of length 0.
If this Class object represents a class, then this method returns the public fields of the class and of all its superclasses and superinterfaces.
If this Class object represents an interface, then this method returns the fields of the interface and of all its superinterfaces.
If this Class object represents an array type, a primitive type, or void, then this method returns an array of length 0.
The elements in the returned array are not sorted and are not in any particular order.
Field objects representing the public fields
SecurityException - If a security manager, s, is present and the caller's class loader is not the same as or an ancestor of the class loader for the current class and invocation of s.checkPackageAccess() denies access to the package of this class.
public Method[] getMethods() throws SecurityException
Returns an array containing
Method
objects reflecting all the public methods of the class or interface represented by this
Class
object, including those declared by the class or interface and those inherited from superclasses and superinterfaces.
If this Class object represents an array type, then the returned array has a Method object for each of the public methods inherited by the array type from Object. It does not contain a Method object for clone().
If this Class object represents an interface then the returned array does not contain any implicitly declared methods from Object. Therefore, if no methods are explicitly declared in this interface or any of its superinterfaces then the returned array has length 0. (Note that a Class object which represents a class always has public methods, inherited from Object.)
The returned array never contains methods with names "<init>" or "<clinit>".
The elements in the returned array are not sorted and are not in any particular order.
Generally, the result is computed as with the following 4 step algorithm. Let C be the class or interface represented by this Class object:
getDeclaredMethods() and filtered to include only public methods.Object, then include the result of invoking this algorithm recursively on the superclass of C.Method objects representing the public methods of this class
SecurityException - If a security manager, s, is present and the caller's class loader is not the same as or an ancestor of the class loader for the current class and invocation of s.checkPackageAccess() denies access to the package of this class.
public Constructor<?>[] getConstructors() throws SecurityException
Returns an array containing Constructor objects reflecting all the public constructors of the class represented by this Class object. An array of length 0 is returned if the class has no public constructors, or if the class is an array class, or if the class reflects a primitive type or void. Note that while this method returns an array of Constructor<T> objects (that is an array of constructors from this class), the return type of this method is Constructor<?>[] and not Constructor<T>[] as might be expected. This less informative return type is necessary since after being returned from this method, the array could be modified to hold Constructor objects for different classes, which would violate the type guarantees of Constructor<T>[].
Constructor objects representing the public constructors of this class
SecurityException - If a security manager, s, is present and the caller's class loader is not the same as or an ancestor of the class loader for the current class and invocation of s.checkPackageAccess() denies access to the package of this class.
public Field getField(String name) throws NoSuchFieldException, SecurityException
Returns a
Field
object that reflects the specified public member field of the class or interface represented by this
Class
object. The
name
parameter is a
String
specifying the simple name of the desired field.
The field to be reflected is determined by the algorithm that follows. Let C be the class or interface represented by this object:
NoSuchFieldException is thrown.If this Class object represents an array type, then this method does not find the length field of the array type.
name - the field name
Field object of this class specified by name
NoSuchFieldException - if a field with the specified name is not found.
NullPointerException - if name is null
SecurityException - If a security manager, s, is present and the caller's class loader is not the same as or an ancestor of the class loader for the current class and invocation of s.checkPackageAccess() denies access to the package of this class.
public Method getMethod(String name, Class<?>... parameterTypes) throws NoSuchMethodException, SecurityException
Returns a
Method
object that reflects the specified public member method of the class or interface represented by this
Class
object. The
name
parameter is a
String
specifying the simple name of the desired method. The
parameterTypes
parameter is an array of
Class
objects that identify the method's formal parameter types, in declared order. If
parameterTypes
is
null
, it is treated as if it were an empty array.
If this Class object represents an array type, then this method finds any public method inherited by the array type from Object except method clone().
If this Class object represents an interface then this method does not find any implicitly declared method from Object. Therefore, if no methods are explicitly declared in this interface or any of its superinterfaces, then this method does not find any method.
This method does not find any method with name "<init>" or "<clinit>".
Generally, the method to be reflected is determined by the 4 step algorithm that follows. Let C be the class or interface represented by this Class object:
getDeclaredMethods() and filtered to include only public methods that match given name and parameterTypesObject, then include the result of invoking this algorithm recursively on the superclass of C.isAssignableFrom(java.lang.Class<?>)(S.class).name - the name of the method
parameterTypes - the list of parameters
Method object that matches the specified name and parameterTypes
NoSuchMethodException - if a matching method is not found or if the name is "<init>"or "<clinit>".
NullPointerException - if name is null
SecurityException - If a security manager, s, is present and the caller's class loader is not the same as or an ancestor of the class loader for the current class and invocation of s.checkPackageAccess() denies access to the package of this class.
public Constructor<T> getConstructor(Class<?>... parameterTypes) throws NoSuchMethodException, SecurityException
Returns a
Constructor
object that reflects the specified public constructor of the class represented by this
Class
object. The
parameterTypes
parameter is an array of
Class
objects that identify the constructor's formal parameter types, in declared order. If this
Class
object represents an inner class declared in a non-static context, the formal parameter types include the explicit enclosing instance as the first parameter.
The constructor to reflect is the public constructor of the class represented by this Class object whose formal parameter types match those specified by parameterTypes.
parameterTypes - the parameter array
Constructor object of the public constructor that matches the specified parameterTypes
NoSuchMethodException - if a matching method is not found.
SecurityException - If a security manager, s, is present and the caller's class loader is not the same as or an ancestor of the class loader for the current class and invocation of s.checkPackageAccess() denies access to the package of this class.
public Class<?>[] getDeclaredClasses() throws SecurityException
Returns an array of Class objects reflecting all the classes and interfaces declared as members of the class represented by this Class object. This includes public, protected, default (package) access, and private classes and interfaces declared by the class, but excludes inherited classes and interfaces. This method returns an array of length 0 if the class declares no classes or interfaces as members, or if this Class object represents a primitive type, an array class, or void.
Class objects representing all the declared members of this class
SecurityException - If a security manager, s, is present and any of the following conditions is met:
s.checkPermission method with RuntimePermission("accessDeclaredMembers") denies access to the declared classes within this classs.checkPackageAccess() denies access to the package of this classpublic Field[] getDeclaredFields() throws SecurityException
Returns an array of
Field
objects reflecting all the fields declared by the class or interface represented by this
Class
object. This includes public, protected, default (package) access, and private fields, but excludes inherited fields.
If this Class object represents a class or interface with no declared fields, then this method returns an array of length 0.
If this Class object represents an array type, a primitive type, or void, then this method returns an array of length 0.
The elements in the returned array are not sorted and are not in any particular order.
Field objects representing all the declared fields of this class
SecurityException - If a security manager, s, is present and any of the following conditions is met:
s.checkPermission method with RuntimePermission("accessDeclaredMembers") denies access to the declared fields within this classs.checkPackageAccess() denies access to the package of this classpublic Method[] getDeclaredMethods() throws SecurityException
Returns an array containing
Method
objects reflecting all the declared methods of the class or interface represented by this
Class
object, including public, protected, default (package) access, and private methods, but excluding inherited methods.
If this Class object represents a type that has multiple declared methods with the same name and parameter types, but different return types, then the returned array has a Method object for each such method.
If this Class object represents a type that has a class initialization method <clinit>, then the returned array does not have a corresponding Method object.
If this Class object represents a class or interface with no declared methods, then the returned array has length 0.
If this Class object represents an array type, a primitive type, or void, then the returned array has length 0.
The elements in the returned array are not sorted and are not in any particular order.
Method objects representing all the declared methods of this class
SecurityException - If a security manager, s, is present and any of the following conditions is met:
s.checkPermission method with RuntimePermission("accessDeclaredMembers") denies access to the declared methods within this classs.checkPackageAccess() denies access to the package of this classpublic Constructor<?>[] getDeclaredConstructors() throws SecurityException
Returns an array of
Constructor
objects reflecting all the constructors declared by the class represented by this
Class
object. These are public, protected, default (package) access, and private constructors. The elements in the array returned are not sorted and are not in any particular order. If the class has a default constructor, it is included in the returned array. This method returns an array of length 0 if this
Class
object represents an interface, a primitive type, an array class, or void.
See The Java Language Specification, section 8.2.
Constructor objects representing all the declared constructors of this class
SecurityException - If a security manager, s, is present and any of the following conditions is met:
s.checkPermission method with RuntimePermission("accessDeclaredMembers") denies access to the declared constructors within this classs.checkPackageAccess() denies access to the package of this classpublic Field getDeclaredField(String name) throws NoSuchFieldException, SecurityException
Returns a
Field
object that reflects the specified declared field of the class or interface represented by this
Class
object. The
name
parameter is a
String
that specifies the simple name of the desired field.
If this Class object represents an array type, then this method does not find the length field of the array type.
name - the name of the field
Field object for the specified field in this class
NoSuchFieldException - if a field with the specified name is not found.
NullPointerException - if name is null
SecurityException - If a security manager, s, is present and any of the following conditions is met:
s.checkPermission method with RuntimePermission("accessDeclaredMembers") denies access to the declared fields.checkPackageAccess() denies access to the package of this classpublic Method getDeclaredMethod(String name, Class<?>... parameterTypes) throws NoSuchMethodException, SecurityException
Returns a
Method
object that reflects the specified declared method of the class or interface represented by this
Class
object. The
name
parameter is a
String
that specifies the simple name of the desired method, and the
parameterTypes
parameter is an array of
Class
objects that identify the method's formal parameter types, in declared order. If more than one method with the same parameter types is declared in a class, and one of these methods has a return type that is more specific than any of the others, that method is returned; otherwise one of the methods is chosen arbitrarily. If the name is "<init>"or "<clinit>" a
NoSuchMethodException
is raised.
If this Class object represents an array type, then this method does not find the clone() method.
name - the name of the method
parameterTypes - the parameter array
Method object for the method of this class matching the specified name and parameters
NoSuchMethodException - if a matching method is not found.
NullPointerException - if name is null
SecurityException - If a security manager, s, is present and any of the following conditions is met:
s.checkPermission method with RuntimePermission("accessDeclaredMembers") denies access to the declared methods.checkPackageAccess() denies access to the package of this classpublic Constructor<T> getDeclaredConstructor(Class<?>... parameterTypes) throws NoSuchMethodException, SecurityException
Returns a Constructor object that reflects the specified constructor of the class or interface represented by this Class object. The parameterTypes parameter is an array of Class objects that identify the constructor's formal parameter types, in declared order. If this Class object represents an inner class declared in a non-static context, the formal parameter types include the explicit enclosing instance as the first parameter.
parameterTypes - the parameter array
Constructor object for the constructor with the specified parameter list
NoSuchMethodException - if a matching method is not found.
SecurityException - If a security manager, s, is present and any of the following conditions is met:
s.checkPermission method with RuntimePermission("accessDeclaredMembers") denies access to the declared constructors.checkPackageAccess() denies access to the package of this classpublic InputStream getResourceAsStream(String name)
Finds a resource with a given name.
If this class is in a named Module then this method will attempt to find the resource in the module. This is done by delegating to the module's class loader findResource(String,String) method, invoking it with the module name and the absolute name of the resource. Resources in named modules are subject to the rules for encapsulation specified in the Module getResourceAsStream method and so this method returns null when the resource is a non-".class" resource in a package that is not open to the caller's module.
Otherwise, if this class is not in a named module then the rules for searching resources associated with a given class are implemented by the defining class loader of the class. This method delegates to this object's class loader. If this object was loaded by the bootstrap class loader, the method delegates to ClassLoader.getSystemResourceAsStream(java.lang.String).
Before delegation, an absolute resource name is constructed from the given resource name using this algorithm:
name begins with a '/' ('\u002f'), then the absolute name of the resource is the portion of the name following the '/'.
modified_package_name/name
Where the modified_package_name is the package name of this object with '/' substituted for '.' ('\u002e').
name - name of the desired resource
InputStream object; null if no resource with this name is found, the resource is in a package that is not open to at least the caller module, or access to the resource is denied by the security manager.
NullPointerException - If name is null
Module.getResourceAsStream(String)
public URL getResource(String name)
Finds a resource with a given name.
If this class is in a named Module then this method will attempt to find the resource in the module. This is done by delegating to the module's class loader findResource(String,String) method, invoking it with the module name and the absolute name of the resource. Resources in named modules are subject to the rules for encapsulation specified in the Module getResourceAsStream method and so this method returns null when the resource is a non-".class" resource in a package that is not open to the caller's module.
Otherwise, if this class is not in a named module then the rules for searching resources associated with a given class are implemented by the defining class loader of the class. This method delegates to this object's class loader. If this object was loaded by the bootstrap class loader, the method delegates to ClassLoader.getSystemResource(java.lang.String).
Before delegation, an absolute resource name is constructed from the given resource name using this algorithm:
name begins with a '/' ('\u002f'), then the absolute name of the resource is the portion of the name following the '/'.
modified_package_name/name
Where the modified_package_name is the package name of this object with '/' substituted for '.' ('\u002e').
name - name of the desired resource
URL object; null if no resource with this name is found, the resource cannot be located by a URL, the resource is in a package that is not open to at least the caller module, or access to the resource is denied by the security manager.
NullPointerException - If name is null
public ProtectionDomain getProtectionDomain()
Returns the ProtectionDomain of this class. If there is a security manager installed, this method first calls the security manager's checkPermission method with a RuntimePermission("getProtectionDomain") permission to ensure it's ok to get the ProtectionDomain.
SecurityException - if a security manager exists and its checkPermission method doesn't allow getting the ProtectionDomain.
ProtectionDomain, SecurityManager.checkPermission(java.security.Permission), RuntimePermission
public boolean desiredAssertionStatus()
Few programmers will have any need for this method; it is provided for the benefit of the JRE itself. (It allows a class to determine at the time that it is initialized whether assertions should be enabled.) Note that this method is not guaranteed to return the actual assertion status that was (or will be) associated with the specified class when it was (or will be) initialized.
ClassLoader.setClassAssertionStatus(java.lang.String, boolean), ClassLoader.setPackageAssertionStatus(java.lang.String, boolean), ClassLoader.setDefaultAssertionStatus(boolean)
public boolean isEnum()
Returns true if and only if this class was declared as an enum in the source code.
public T[] getEnumConstants()
Returns the elements of this enum class or null if this Class object does not represent an enum type.
public T cast(Object obj)
Casts an object to the class or interface represented by this Class object.
obj - the object to be cast
ClassCastException - if the object is not null and is not assignable to the type T.
public <U> Class<? extends U> asSubclass(Class<U> clazz)
Casts this
Class
object to represent a subclass of the class represented by the specified class object. Checks that the cast is valid, and throws a
ClassCastException
if it is not. If this method succeeds, it always returns a reference to this class object.
This method is useful when a client needs to "narrow" the type of a Class object to pass it to an API that restricts the Class objects that it is willing to accept. A cast would generate a compile-time warning, as the correctness of the cast could not be checked at runtime (because generic types are implemented by erasure).
U - the type to cast this class object to
clazz - the class of the type to cast this class object to
Class object, cast to represent a subclass of the specified class object.
ClassCastException - if this Class object does not represent a subclass of the specified class (here "subclass" includes the class itself).
public <A extends Annotation> A getAnnotation(Class<A> annotationClass)
Returns this element's annotation for the specified type if such an annotation is present, else null.
getAnnotation in interface AnnotatedElement
A - the type of the annotation to query for and return if present
annotationClass - the Class object corresponding to the annotation type
NullPointerException - if the given annotation class is null
public boolean isAnnotationPresent(Class<? extends Annotation> annotationClass)
Returns true if an annotation for the specified type is
presenton this element, else false. This method is designed primarily for convenient access to marker annotations.
The truth value returned by this method is equivalent to: getAnnotation(annotationClass) != null
The body of the default method is specified to be the code above.
isAnnotationPresent in interface AnnotatedElement
annotationClass - the Class object corresponding to the annotation type
NullPointerException - if the given annotation class is null
public <A extends Annotation> A[] getAnnotationsByType(Class<A> annotationClass)
Returns annotations that are
associatedwith this element. If there are no annotations
associatedwith this element, the return value is an array of length 0. The difference between this method and
AnnotatedElement.getAnnotation(Class)
is that this method detects if its argument is a
repeatable annotation type(JLS 9.6), and if so, attempts to find one or more annotations of that type by "looking through" a container annotation. The caller of this method is free to modify the returned array; it will have no effect on the arrays returned to other callers.
getAnnotationsByType in interface AnnotatedElement
A - the type of the annotation to query for and return if present
annotationClass - the Class object corresponding to the annotation type
NullPointerException - if the given annotation class is null
public Annotation[] getAnnotations()
Returns annotations that are present on this element. If there are no annotations present on this element, the return value is an array of length 0. The caller of this method is free to modify the returned array; it will have no effect on the arrays returned to other callers.
getAnnotations in interface AnnotatedElement
public <A extends Annotation> A getDeclaredAnnotation(Class<A> annotationClass)
Returns this element's annotation for the specified type if such an annotation is directly present, else null. This method ignores inherited annotations. (Returns null if no annotations are directly present on this element.)
getDeclaredAnnotation in interface AnnotatedElement
A - the type of the annotation to query for and return if directly present
annotationClass - the Class object corresponding to the annotation type
NullPointerException - if the given annotation class is null
public <A extends Annotation> A[] getDeclaredAnnotationsByType(Class<A> annotationClass)
Returns this element's annotation(s) for the specified type if such annotations are either
directly presentor
indirectly present. This method ignores inherited annotations. If there are no specified annotations directly or indirectly present on this element, the return value is an array of length 0. The difference between this method and
AnnotatedElement.getDeclaredAnnotation(Class)
is that this method detects if its argument is a
repeatable annotation type(JLS 9.6), and if so, attempts to find one or more annotations of that type by "looking through" a container annotation if one is present. The caller of this method is free to modify the returned array; it will have no effect on the arrays returned to other callers.
getDeclaredAnnotationsByType in interface AnnotatedElement
A - the type of the annotation to query for and return if directly or indirectly present
annotationClass - the Class object corresponding to the annotation type
NullPointerException - if the given annotation class is null
public Annotation[] getDeclaredAnnotations()
Returns annotations that are directly present on this element. This method ignores inherited annotations. If there are no annotations directly present on this element, the return value is an array of length 0. The caller of this method is free to modify the returned array; it will have no effect on the arrays returned to other callers.
getDeclaredAnnotations in interface AnnotatedElement
public AnnotatedType getAnnotatedSuperclass()
Returns an
AnnotatedType
object that represents the use of a type to specify the superclass of the entity represented by this
Class
object. (The
useof type Foo to specify the superclass in '... extends Foo' is distinct from the
declarationof type Foo.)
If this Class object represents a type whose declaration does not explicitly indicate an annotated superclass, then the return value is an AnnotatedType object representing an element with no annotations.
If this Class represents either the Object class, an interface type, an array type, a primitive type, or void, the return value is null.
public AnnotatedType[] getAnnotatedInterfaces()
Returns an array of
AnnotatedType
objects that represent the use of types to specify superinterfaces of the entity represented by this
Class
object. (The
useof type Foo to specify a superinterface in '... implements Foo' is distinct from the
declarationof type Foo.)
If this Class object represents a class, the return value is an array containing objects representing the uses of interface types to specify interfaces implemented by the class. The order of the objects in the array corresponds to the order of the interface types used in the 'implements' clause of the declaration of this Class object.
If this Class object represents an interface, the return value is an array containing objects representing the uses of interface types to specify interfaces directly extended by the interface. The order of the objects in the array corresponds to the order of the interface types used in the 'extends' clause of the declaration of this Class object.
If this Class object represents a class or interface whose declaration does not explicitly indicate any annotated superinterfaces, the return value is an array of length 0.
If this Class object represents either the Object class, an array type, a primitive type, or void, the return value is an array of length 0.
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