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Showing content from https://docs.oracle.com/en/java/javase/21/docs/api/java.base/java/io/OutputStreamWriter.html below:

OutputStreamWriter (Java SE 21 & JDK 21)

All Implemented Interfaces:

Closeable, Flushable, Appendable, AutoCloseable

Direct Known Subclasses:

FileWriter

An OutputStreamWriter is a bridge from character streams to byte streams: Characters written to it are encoded into bytes using a specified

. The charset that it uses may be specified by name or may be given explicitly, or the default charset may be accepted.

Each invocation of a write() method causes the encoding converter to be invoked on the given character(s). The resulting bytes are accumulated in a buffer before being written to the underlying output stream. Note that the characters passed to the write() methods are not buffered.

For top efficiency, consider wrapping an OutputStreamWriter within a BufferedWriter so as to avoid frequent converter invocations. For example:

    Writer out = new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(anOutputStream));

A surrogate pair is a character represented by a sequence of two char values: A high surrogate in the range '\uD800' to '\uDBFF' followed by a low surrogate in the range '\uDC00' to '\uDFFF'.

A malformed surrogate element is a high surrogate that is not followed by a low surrogate or a low surrogate that is not preceded by a high surrogate.

This class always replaces malformed surrogate elements and unmappable character sequences with the charset's default substitution sequence. The CharsetEncoder class should be used when more control over the encoding process is required.

Since:

1.1

See Also:

• BufferedWriter
• OutputStream
• Charset

• Field Summary
• Constructor Summary

  Constructors

  Creates an OutputStreamWriter that uses the default character encoding, or where out is a PrintStream, the charset used by the print stream.

  Creates an OutputStreamWriter that uses the named charset.

  Creates an OutputStreamWriter that uses the given charset.

  Creates an OutputStreamWriter that uses the given charset encoder.

• Method Summary

  void

  Closes the stream, flushing it first.

  void

  Returns the name of the character encoding being used by this stream.

  void

  write(char[] cbuf, int off, int len)

  Writes a portion of an array of characters.

  void

  Writes a single character.

  void

  Writes a portion of a string.

  Methods declared in class java.lang.Objectclone, equals, finalize, getClass, hashCode, notify, notifyAll, toString, wait, wait, wait

• Constructor Details
  • OutputStreamWriter

    Creates an OutputStreamWriter that uses the named charset.

    Parameters:

    out - An OutputStream

    charsetName - The name of a supported charset

    Throws:

    UnsupportedEncodingException - If the named encoding is not supported

  • OutputStreamWriter

    Creates an OutputStreamWriter that uses the default character encoding, or where out is a PrintStream, the charset used by the print stream.

    Parameters:

    out - An OutputStream

    See Also:

    • Charset.defaultCharset()

  • OutputStreamWriter

    Creates an OutputStreamWriter that uses the given charset.

    Parameters:

    out - An OutputStream

    cs - A charset

    Since:

    1.4

  • OutputStreamWriter

    Creates an OutputStreamWriter that uses the given charset encoder.

    Parameters:

    out - An OutputStream

    enc - A charset encoder

    Since:

    1.4

• Method Details
  • getEncoding

    Returns the name of the character encoding being used by this stream.

    If the encoding has an historical name then that name is returned; otherwise the encoding's canonical name is returned.

    If this instance was created with the OutputStreamWriter(OutputStream, String) constructor then the returned name, being unique for the encoding, may differ from the name passed to the constructor. This method may return null if the stream has been closed.

    Returns:

    The historical name of this encoding, or possibly null if the stream has been closed

    See Also:

    • Charset

  • write

    Writes a single character.

    Overrides:

    write in class Writer

    Parameters:

    c - int specifying a character to be written

    Throws:

    IOException - If an I/O error occurs

  • write public void write(char[] cbuf, int off, int len)

    throws

    IOException

    Writes a portion of an array of characters.

    Specified by:

    write in class Writer

    Parameters:

    cbuf - Buffer of characters

    off - Offset from which to start writing characters

    len - Number of characters to write

    Throws:

    IndexOutOfBoundsException - If off is negative, or len is negative, or off + len is negative or greater than the length of the given array

    IOException - If an I/O error occurs

  • write

    Writes a portion of a string.

    Overrides:

    write in class Writer

    Parameters:

    str - A String

    off - Offset from which to start writing characters

    len - Number of characters to write

    Throws:

    IndexOutOfBoundsException - If off is negative, or len is negative, or off + len is negative or greater than the length of the given string

    IOException - If an I/O error occurs

  • flush

    Flushes the stream.

    Specified by:

    flush in interface Flushable

    Specified by:

    flush in class Writer

    Throws:

    IOException - If an I/O error occurs

  • close Description copied from class: Writer

    Closes the stream, flushing it first. Once the stream has been closed, further write() or flush() invocations will cause an IOException to be thrown. Closing a previously closed stream has no effect.

    Specified by:

    close in interface AutoCloseable

    Specified by:

    close in interface Closeable

    Specified by:

    close in class Writer

    Throws:

    IOException - If an I/O error occurs

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