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Showing content from https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/fundamentals/code-analysis/quality-rules/ca1012 below:

CA1012: Abstract types should not have public constructors (code analysis) - .NET

A type is abstract and has a public constructor.

By default, this rule only looks at externally visible types, but this is configurable.

Constructors on abstract types can be called only by derived types. Because public constructors create instances of a type and you cannot create instances of an abstract type, an abstract type that has a public constructor is incorrectly designed.

To fix a violation of this rule, either make the constructor protected or don't declare the type as abstract.

Do not suppress a warning from this rule. The abstract type has a public constructor.

If you just want to suppress a single violation, add preprocessor directives to your source file to disable and then re-enable the rule.

#pragma warning disable CA1012
// The code that's violating the rule is on this line.
#pragma warning restore CA1012

To disable the rule for a file, folder, or project, set its severity to none in the configuration file.

[*.{cs,vb}]
dotnet_diagnostic.CA1012.severity = none

For more information, see How to suppress code analysis warnings.

Use the following option to configure which parts of your codebase to run this rule on.

• Include specific API surfaces

You can configure this option for just this rule, for all rules it applies to, or for all rules in this category (Design) that it applies to. For more information, see Code quality rule configuration options.

You can configure which parts of your codebase to run this rule on, based on their accessibility, by setting the api_surface option. For example, to specify that the rule should run only against the non-public API surface, add the following key-value pair to an .editorconfig file in your project:

dotnet_code_quality.CAXXXX.api_surface = private, internal

Note

Replace the XXXX part of CAXXXX with the ID of the applicable rule.

The following code snippet contains an abstract type that violates this rule.

' Violates this rule      
Public MustInherit Class Book

    Public Sub New()
    End Sub

End Class

// Violates this rule
public abstract class Book
{
    public Book()
    {
    }
}

The following code snippet fixes the previous violation by changing the accessibility of the constructor from public to protected.

// Does not violate this rule
public abstract class Book
{
    protected Book()
    {
    }
}

' Violates this rule      
Public MustInherit Class Book

    Protected Sub New()
    End Sub

End Class

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