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Showing content from https://docs.databricks.com/clusters/init-scripts.html below:

What are init scripts? | Databricks Documentation

An init script (initialization script) is a shell script that runs during startup of each cluster node before the Apache Spark driver or executor JVM starts. This article provides recommendations for init scripts and configuration information if you must use them.

Databricks recommends using built-in platform features instead of init scripts whenever possible. Widespread use of init scripts can slow migration to new Databricks Runtime versions and prevent adoption of some Databricks optimizations.

The following Databricks features address some of the common use cases for init scripts:

• Use compute policies to set system properties, environmental variables, and Spark configuration parameters. See Compute policy reference.
• Add libraries to cluster policies. See Add libraries to a policy.

If you must use init scripts:

• Manage init scripts using compute policies or cluster-scoped init scripts rather than global init scripts. See init script types.
• Manage library installation for production and interactive environments using compute policies. Don't install libraries using init scripts. See compute policies.
• Use standard access mode (formerly shared access mode) for all workloads. Only use the dedicated access mode (formerly single user access mode)if required functionality is not supported by standard access mode.
• Use new Databricks Runtime versions and Unity Catalog for all workloads.

The following table provides recommendations organized by Databricks Runtime version and Unity Catalog enablement.

Databricks supports two kinds of init scripts: cluster-scoped and global, but using cluster-scoped init scripts are recommended.

• Cluster-scoped: run on every cluster configured with the script. This is the recommended way to run an init script. See Cluster-scoped init scripts.
• Global: run on all clusters in the workspace configured with dedicated access mode or no-isolation shared access mode. These init scripts can cause unexpected issues, such as library conflicts. Only workspace admin users can create global init scripts. See Global init scripts.

Whenever you change any type of init script, you must restart all clusters affected by the script.

Global init-scripts run before cluster-scoped init scripts.

You can store and configure init scripts from workspace files, Unity Catalog volumes, and cloud object storage, but init scripts are not supported on all cluster configurations and not all files can be referenced from init scripts. For environment recommendations for init scripts, see Recommendations for init scripts.

The following table indicates the support for init scripts based on the source location and the cluster access mode. The Databricks Runtime version listed is the minimum version required to use the combination. For information about cluster access modes, see Access modes.

warning

Init scripts on DBFS have reached end-of-life and can no longer be used. You must migrate your init scripts to a supported location before you can start compute. Store init scripts on Unity Catalog Volumes, as workspace files, or in cloud object storage.

Users that need to migrate init scripts from DBFS can use the following guides. Make sure you've identified the correct target for your configuration. See Recommendations for init scripts.

• Migrate init scripts from DBFS to volumes
• Migrate init scripts from DBFS to workspace files
• Migrate init scripts from DBFS to S3

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