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Showing content from https://docs.aws.amazon.com/iot/latest/developerguide/dynamodb-rule-action.html below:

DynamoDB - AWS IoT Core

DynamoDB

The DynamoDB (dynamoDB) action writes all or part of an MQTT message to an Amazon DynamoDB table.

You can follow a tutorial that shows you how to create and test a rule with a DynamoDB action. For more information, see Tutorial: Storing device data in a DynamoDB table.

Note

This rule writes non-JSON data to DynamoDB as binary data. The DynamoDB console displays the data as base64-encoded text.

Requirements

This rule action has the following requirements:

An IAM role that AWS IoT can assume to perform the dynamodb:PutItem operation. For more information, see Granting an AWS IoT rule the access it requires.

In the AWS IoT console, you can choose or create a role to allow AWS IoT to perform this rule action.
If you use a customer managed AWS KMS key (KMS key) to encrypt data at rest in DynamoDB, the service must have permission to use the KMS key on the caller's behalf. For more information, see Customer Managed KMS key in the Amazon DynamoDB Getting Started Guide.

Parameters

When you create an AWS IoT rule with this action, you must specify the following information:

tableName

The name of the DynamoDB table.

Supports substitution templates: API and AWS CLI only

hashKeyField

The name of the hash key (also called the partition key).

Supports substitution templates: API and AWS CLI only

hashKeyType

(Optional) The data type of the hash key (also called the partition key). Valid values: STRING, NUMBER.

Supports substitution templates: API and AWS CLI only

hashKeyValue

The value of the hash key. Consider using a substitution template such as ${topic()} or ${timestamp()}.

Supports substitution templates: Yes

rangeKeyField

(Optional) The name of the range key (also called the sort key).

Supports substitution templates: API and AWS CLI only

rangeKeyType

(Optional) The data type of the range key (also called the sort key). Valid values: STRING, NUMBER.

Supports substitution templates: API and AWS CLI only

rangeKeyValue

(Optional) The value of the range key. Consider using a substitution template such as ${topic()} or ${timestamp()}.

Supports substitution templates: Yes

payloadField

(Optional) The name of the column where the payload is written. If you omit this value, the payload is written to the column named payload.

Supports substitution templates: Yes

operation

(Optional) The type of operation to be performed. Valid values: INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE.

Supports substitution templates: Yes

roleARN

The IAM role that allows access to the DynamoDB table. For more information, see Requirements.

Supports substitution templates: No

The data written to the DynamoDB table is the result from the SQL statement of the rule.

Examples

The following JSON example defines a DynamoDB action in an AWS IoT rule.

{
    "topicRulePayload": {
        "sql": "SELECT * AS message FROM 'some/topic'", 
        "ruleDisabled": false,
        "awsIotSqlVersion": "2016-03-23",
        "actions": [
            {
                "dynamoDB": {
                    "tableName": "my_ddb_table",
                    "hashKeyField": "key",
                    "hashKeyValue": "${topic()}",
                    "rangeKeyField": "timestamp",
                    "rangeKeyValue": "${timestamp()}",
                    "roleArn": "arn:aws:iam::123456789012:role/aws_iot_dynamoDB"
                }
            }
        ]
    }
}