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DynamoDB Metrics and dimensions - Amazon DynamoDB

DynamoDB Metrics and dimensions

When you interact with DynamoDB, it sends metrics and dimensions to CloudWatch.

DynamoDB outputs consumed provisioned throughput for one-minute periods. Auto scaling triggers when your consumed capacity breaches the configured target utilization for two consecutive minutes. CloudWatch alarms might have a short delay of up to a few minutes before triggering auto scaling. This delay ensures accurate CloudWatch metric evaluation. If the consumed throughput spikes are more than a minute apart, auto scaling might not trigger. Similarly, a scale down event can occur when 15 consecutive data points are lower than the target utilization. In either case, after auto scaling triggers, the UpdateTable API is invoked. It then takes several minutes to update the provisioned capacity for the table or index. During this period, any requests that exceed the previous provisioned capacity of the tables are throttled.

Viewing metrics and dimensions

CloudWatch displays the following metrics for DynamoDB:

DynamoDB metrics

Note

Amazon CloudWatch aggregates these metrics at one-minute intervals:

For all other DynamoDB metrics, the aggregation granularity is five minutes.

Not all statistics, such as Average or Sum, are applicable for every metric. However, all of these values are available through the Amazon DynamoDB console, or by using the CloudWatch console, AWS CLI, or AWS SDKs for all metrics.

In the following list, each metric has a set of valid statistics that are applicable to that metric.

AccountMaxReads

The maximum number of read capacity units that can be used by an account. This limit doesn't apply to on-demand tables or global secondary indexes.

Units: Count

Valid Statistics:

AccountMaxTableLevelReads

The maximum number of read capacity units that can be used by a table or global secondary index of an account. For on-demand tables, this limit caps the maximum read request units a table or a global secondary index can use.

Units: Count

Valid Statistics:

AccountMaxTableLevelWrites

The maximum number of write capacity units that can be used by a table or global secondary index of an account. For on-demand tables, this limit caps the maximum write request units a table or a global secondary index can use.

Units: Count

Valid Statistics:

AccountMaxWrites

The maximum number of write capacity units that can be used by an account. This limit doesn't apply to on-demand tables or global secondary indexes.

Units: Count

Valid Statistics:

AccountProvisionedReadCapacityUtilization

The percentage of provisioned read capacity units utilized by an account.

Units: Percent

Valid Statistics:

AccountProvisionedWriteCapacityUtilization

The percentage of provisioned write capacity units utilized by an account.

Units: Percent

Valid Statistics:

AgeOfOldestUnreplicatedRecord

The elapsed time since a record yet to be replicated to the Kinesis data stream first appeared in the DynamoDB table.

Units: Milliseconds

Dimensions: TableName, DelegatedOperation

Valid Statistics:

ConditionalCheckFailedRequests

The number of failed attempts to perform conditional writes. The PutItem, UpdateItem, and DeleteItem operations let you provide a logical condition that must evaluate to true before the operation can proceed. If this condition evaluates to false, ConditionalCheckFailedRequests is incremented by one. ConditionalCheckFailedRequests is also incremented by one for PartiQL Update and Delete statements where a logical condition is provided and that condition evaluates to false.

Note

A failed conditional write will result in an HTTP 400 error (Bad Request). These events are reflected in the ConditionalCheckFailedRequests metric, but not in the UserErrors metric.

Units: Count

Dimensions: TableName

Valid Statistics:

ConsumedChangeDataCaptureUnits

The number of consumed change data capture units.

Units: Count

Dimensions: TableName, DelegatedOperation

Valid Statistics:

ConsumedReadCapacityUnits

The number of read capacity units consumed over the specified time period for both provisioned and on-demand capacity, so you can track how much of your throughput is used. You can retrieve the total consumed read capacity for a table and all of its global secondary indexes, or for a particular global secondary index. For more information, see Read/Write Capacity Mode.

The TableName dimension returns the ConsumedReadCapacityUnits for the table, but not for any global secondary indexes. To view ConsumedReadCapacityUnits for a global secondary index, you must specify both TableName and GlobalSecondaryIndexName.

Note

This means that short, intense spikes in capacity consumption lasting just a second may not be accurately reflected in the CloudWatch graph, potentially leading to a lower apparent consumption rate for that minute.

Use the Sum statistic to calculate the consumed throughput. For example, get the Sum value over a span of one minute, and divide it by the number of seconds in a minute (60) to calculate the average ConsumedReadCapacityUnits per second. You can compare the calculated value to the provisioned throughput value that you provide DynamoDB.

Units: Count

Dimensions: TableName, GlobalSecondaryIndexName

Valid Statistics:

ConsumedWriteCapacityUnits

The number of write capacity units consumed over the specified time period for both provisioned and on-demand capacity, so you can track how much of your throughput is used. You can retrieve the total consumed write capacity for a table and all of its global secondary indexes, or for a particular global secondary index. For more information, see Read/Write Capacity Mode.

The TableName dimension returns the ConsumedWriteCapacityUnits for the table, but not for any global secondary indexes. To view ConsumedWriteCapacityUnits for a global secondary index, you must specify both TableName and GlobalSecondaryIndexName.

Note

Use the Sum statistic to calculate the consumed throughput. For example, get the Sum value over a span of one minute, and divide it by the number of seconds in a minute (60) to calculate the average ConsumedWriteCapacityUnits per second (recognizing that this average doesn't highlight any large but brief spikes in write activity that occurred during that minute). You can compare the calculated value to the provisioned throughput value that you provide DynamoDB.

Units: Count

Dimensions: TableName, GlobalSecondaryIndexName

Valid Statistics:

FailedToReplicateRecordCount

The number of records that DynamoDB failed to replicate to your Kinesis data stream.

Units: Count

Dimensions: TableName, DelegatedOperation

Valid Statistics:

MaxProvisionedTableReadCapacityUtilization

The percentage of provisioned read capacity utilized by the highest provisioned read table or global secondary index of an account.

Units: Percent

Valid Statistics:

MaxProvisionedTableWriteCapacityUtilization

The percentage of provisioned write capacity utilized by the highest provisioned write table or global secondary index of an account.

Units: Percent

Valid Statistics:

OnDemandMaxReadRequestUnits

The number of specified on-demand read request units for a table or a global secondary index.

To view OnDemandMaxReadRequestUnits for a table, you must specify TableName. To view OnDemandMaxReadRequestUnits for a global secondary index, you must specify both TableName and GlobalSecondaryIndexName.

Units: Count

Dimensions: TableName, GlobalSecondaryIndexName

Valid Statistics:

OnDemandMaxWriteRequestUnits

The number of specified on-demand write request units for a table or a global secondary index.

To view OnDemandMaxWriteRequestUnits for a table, you must specify TableName. To view OnDemandMaxWriteRequestUnits for a global secondary index, you must specify both TableName and GlobalSecondaryIndexName.

Units: Count

Dimensions: TableName, GlobalSecondaryIndexName

Valid Statistics:

OnlineIndexConsumedWriteCapacity

The number of write capacity units consumed when adding a new global secondary index to a table. If the write capacity of the index is too low, incoming write activity during the backfill phase might be throttled. This can increase the time it takes to create the index. You should monitor this statistic while the index is being built to determine whether the write capacity of the index is underprovisioned.

You can adjust the write capacity of the index using the UpdateTable operation, even while the index is still being built.

The ConsumedWriteCapacityUnits metric for the index doesn't include the write throughput consumed during index creation.

Note

This metric may not be emitted if the new global secondary index’s backfill phase completes quickly (less than a few minutes), which may occur if the base table has few or no items to backfill in the index.

Units: Count

Dimensions: TableName, GlobalSecondaryIndexName

Valid Statistics:

OnlineIndexPercentageProgress

The percentage of completion when a new global secondary index is being added to a table. DynamoDB must first allocate resources for the new index, and then backfill attributes from the table into the index. For large tables, this process might take a long time. You should monitor this statistic to view the relative progress as DynamoDB builds the index.

Units: Count

Dimensions: TableName, GlobalSecondaryIndexName

Valid Statistics:

OnlineIndexThrottleEvents

The number of write throttle events that occur when adding a new global secondary index to a table. These events indicate that the index creation will take longer to complete, because incoming write activity is exceeding the provisioned write throughput of the index.

You can adjust the write capacity of the index using the UpdateTable operation, even while the index is still being built.

The WriteThrottleEvents metric for the index doesn't include any throttle events that occur during index creation.

Units: Count

Dimensions: TableName, GlobalSecondaryIndexName

Valid Statistics:

PendingReplicationCount

Metric for Global tables version 2017.11.29 (Legacy) (global tables only). The number of item updates that are written to one replica table, but that have not yet been written to another replica in the global table.

Units: Count

Dimensions: TableName, ReceivingRegion

Valid Statistics:

ProvisionedReadCapacityUnits

The number of provisioned read capacity units for a table or a global secondary index. The TableName dimension returns the ProvisionedReadCapacityUnits for the table, but not for any global secondary indexes. To view ProvisionedReadCapacityUnits for a global secondary index, you must specify both TableName and GlobalSecondaryIndexName.

Units:Count

Dimensions: TableName, GlobalSecondaryIndexName

Valid Statistics:

ProvisionedWriteCapacityUnits

The number of provisioned write capacity units for a table or a global secondary index.

The TableName dimension returns the ProvisionedWriteCapacityUnits for the table, but not for any global secondary indexes. To view ProvisionedWriteCapacityUnits for a global secondary index, you must specify both TableName and GlobalSecondaryIndexName.

Units: Count

Dimensions: TableName, GlobalSecondaryIndexName

Valid Statistics:

ReadAccountLimitThrottleEvents

The number of read requests throttled due to account limits.

Units: Count

Dimensions: TableName, GlobalSecondaryIndexName

Valid Statistics:

ReadKeyRangeThroughputThrottleEvents

The number of read requests throttled due to partition limits.

Units: Count

Dimensions: TableName, GlobalSecondaryIndexName

Valid Statistics:

ReadMaxOnDemandThroughputThrottleEvents

The number of read requests throttled due to on-demand maximum throughput.

Units: Count

Dimensions: TableName, GlobalSecondaryIndexName

Valid Statistics:

ReadProvisionedThroughputThrottleEvents

The number of read requests throttled due to provisioned throughput limits.

Units: Count

Dimensions: TableName, GlobalSecondaryIndexName

Valid Statistics:

ReadThrottleEvents

Requests to DynamoDB that exceed the provisioned read capacity units for a table or a global secondary index.

A single request can result in multiple events. For example, a BatchGetItem that reads 10 items is processed as 10 GetItem events. For each event, ReadThrottleEvents is incremented by one if that event is throttled. The ThrottledRequests metric for the entire BatchGetItem is not incremented unless all 10 of the GetItem events are throttled.

The TableName dimension returns the ReadThrottleEvents for the table, but not for any global secondary indexes. To view ReadThrottleEvents for a global secondary index, you must specify both TableName and GlobalSecondaryIndexName.

Units: Count

Dimensions: TableName, GlobalSecondaryIndexName

Valid Statistics:

ReplicationLatency

(This metric is for DynamoDB global tables.) The elapsed time between an updated item appearing in the DynamoDB stream for one replica table, and that item appearing in another replica in the global table.

Units: Milliseconds

Dimensions: TableName, ReceivingRegion

Valid Statistics:

ReturnedBytes

The number of bytes returned by GetRecords operations (Amazon DynamoDB Streams) during the specified time period.

Units: Bytes

Dimensions: Operation, StreamLabel, TableName

Valid Statistics:

ReturnedItemCount

The number of items returned by Query, Scan or ExecuteStatement (select) operations during the specified time period.

The number of items returned is not necessarily the same as the number of items that were evaluated. For example, suppose that you requested a Scan on a table or an index that had 100 items, but specified a FilterExpression that narrowed the results so that only 15 items were returned. In this case, the response from Scan would contain a ScanCount of 100 and a Count of 15 returned items.

Units: Count

Dimensions: TableName, Operation

Valid Statistics:

ReturnedRecordsCount

The number of stream records returned by GetRecords operations (Amazon DynamoDB Streams) during the specified time period.

Units: Count

Dimensions: Operation, StreamLabel, TableName

Valid Statistics:

SuccessfulRequestLatency

The latency of successful requests to DynamoDB or Amazon DynamoDB Streams during the specified time period. SuccessfulRequestLatency can provide two different kinds of information:

SuccessfulRequestLatency reflects activity only within DynamoDB or Amazon DynamoDB Streams, and doesn't consider network latency or client-side activity.

Note

To analyze custom percentile values (such as p99.9), you can manually enter the desired percentile (e.g., p99.9) in the CloudWatch metric statistic field. This allows you to evaluate latency distributions beyond the default percentiles listed in the dropdown.

Units: Milliseconds

Dimensions: TableName, Operation, StreamLabel

Valid Statistics:

SystemErrors

The requests to DynamoDB or Amazon DynamoDB Streams that generate an HTTP 500 status code during the specified time period. An HTTP 500 usually indicates an internal service error.

Note

When DynamoDB returns a system error (HTTP 500), most AWS SDKs automatically perform a configurable number of retries. If the issue resolves during a retry, your application continues without seeing the error, and you may notice increased client-side perceived latency. If the error persists after all retries, it propagates to your application code.

Units: Count

Dimensions: TableName, Operation

Valid Statistics:

TimeToLiveDeletedItemCount

The number of items deleted by Time to Live (TTL) during the specified time period. This metric helps you monitor the rate of TTL deletions on your table.

Units: Count

Dimensions: TableName

Valid Statistics:

ThrottledPutRecordCount

The number of records that were throttled by your Kinesis data stream due to insufficient Kinesis Data Streams capacity.

Units: Count

Dimensions: TableName, DelegatedOperation

Valid Statistics:

ThrottledRequests

Requests to DynamoDB that exceed the provisioned throughput limits on a resource (such as a table or an index).

ThrottledRequests is incremented by one if any event within a request exceeds a provisioned throughput limit. For example, if you update an item in a table with global secondary indexes, there are multiple events—a write to the table, and a write to each index. If one or more of these events are throttled, then ThrottledRequests is incremented by one.

Note

In a batch request (BatchGetItem or BatchWriteItem), ThrottledRequests is incremented only if every request in the batch is throttled.

If any individual request within the batch is throttled, one of the following metrics is incremented:

To gain insight into which event is throttling a request, compare ThrottledRequests with the ReadThrottleEvents and WriteThrottleEvents for the table and its indexes.

Note

A throttled request will result in an HTTP 400 status code. All such events are reflected in the ThrottledRequests metric, but not in the UserErrors metric.

Units: Count

Dimensions: TableName, Operation

Valid Statistics:

TransactionConflict

Rejected item-level requests due to transactional conflicts between concurrent requests on the same items. For more information, see Transaction Conflict Handling in DynamoDB.

Units: Count

Dimensions: TableName

Valid Statistics:

UserErrors

Requests to DynamoDB or Amazon DynamoDB Streams that generate an HTTP 400 status code during the specified time period. An HTTP 400 usually indicates a client-side error, such as an invalid combination of parameters, an attempt to update a nonexistent table, or an incorrect request signature.

Some examples of exceptions that will log metrics related to UserErrors would be:

All such events are reflected in the UserErrors metric, except for the following:

UserErrors represents the aggregate of HTTP 400 errors for DynamoDB or Amazon DynamoDB Streams requests for the current AWS Region and the current AWS account.

Units: Count

Valid Statistics:

WriteAccountLimitThrottleEvents

The number of write requests throttled due to account limits.

Units: Count

Dimensions: TableName

Valid Statistics:

WriteKeyRangeThroughputThrottleEvents

The number of write requests throttled due to partition limits.

Units: Count

Dimensions: TableName, GlobalSecondaryIndexName

Valid Statistics:

WriteMaxOnDemandThroughputThrottleEvents

The number of write requests throttled due to on-demand maximum throughput.

Units: Count

Dimensions: TableName, GlobalSecondaryIndexName

Valid Statistics:

WriteProvisionedThroughputThrottleEvents

The number of write requests throttled due to provisioned throughput limits.

Units: Count

Dimensions: TableName, GlobalSecondaryIndexName

Valid Statistics:

WriteThrottleEvents

Requests to DynamoDB that exceed the provisioned write capacity units for a table or a global secondary index.

A single request can result in multiple events. For example, a PutItem request on a table with three global secondary indexes would result in four events—the table write, and each of the three index writes. For each event, the WriteThrottleEvents metric is incremented by one if that event is throttled. For single PutItem requests, if any of the events are throttled, ThrottledRequests is also incremented by one. For BatchWriteItem, the ThrottledRequests metric for the entire BatchWriteItem is not incremented unless all of the individual PutItem or DeleteItem events are throttled.

The TableName dimension returns the WriteThrottleEvents for the table, but not for any global secondary indexes. To view WriteThrottleEvents for a global secondary index, you must specify both TableName and GlobalSecondaryIndexName.

Units: Count

Dimensions: TableName, GlobalSecondaryIndexName

Valid Statistics:

Usage metrics

Usage metrics in CloudWatch allow you to proactively manage usage by visualizing metrics in the CloudWatch console, creating custom dashboards, detecting changes in activity with CloudWatch anomaly detection, and configuring alarms that alert you when usage approaches a threshold.

DynamoDB also integrates these usage metrics with Service Quotas. You can use CloudWatch to manage your account's use of your service quotas. For more information, see Visualizing your service quotas and setting alarms

AccountProvisionedWriteCapacityUnits

The sum of write capacity units provisioned for all tables and global secondary indexes of an account.

Units: Count

Valid Statistics:

This metric is published at five-minute intervals. Therefore, if you rapidly adjust the provisioned write capacity units, this statistic might not reflect the true average.

AccountProvisionedReadCapacityUnits

The sum of read capacity units provisioned for all tables and global secondary indexes of an account.

Units: Count

Valid Statistics:

This metric is published at five-minute intervals. Therefore, if you rapidly adjust the provisioned read capacity units, this statistic might not reflect the true average.

TableCount

The number of active tables of an account.

Units: Count

Valid Statistics:

Understanding metrics and dimensions for DynamoDB

The metrics for DynamoDB are qualified by the values for the account, table name, global secondary index name, or operation. You can use the CloudWatch console to retrieve DynamoDB data along any of the dimensions in the table below.

DelegatedOperation

This dimension limits the data to operations DynamoDB performs on your behalf. The following operations are captured:

GlobalSecondaryIndexName

This dimension limits the data to a global secondary index on a table. If you specify GlobalSecondaryIndexName, you must also specify TableName.

Operation

This dimension limits the data to one of the following DynamoDB operations:

In addition, you can limit the data to the following Amazon DynamoDB Streams operation:

OperationType

This dimension limits the data to one of the following operation types:

This dimension is emitted for ExecuteTransaction and BatchExecuteStatement requests.

Verb

This dimension limits the data to one of the following DynamoDB PartiQL verbs:

This dimension is emitted for the ExecuteStatement operation.

ReceivingRegion

This dimension limits the data to a particular AWS region. It is used with metrics originating from replica tables within a DynamoDB global table.

StreamLabel

This dimension limits the data to a specific stream label. It is used with metrics originating from Amazon DynamoDB Streams GetRecords operations.

TableName

This dimension limits the data to a specific table. This value can be any table name in the current region and the current AWS account.


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