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Showing content from https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/UserGuide/set-ami-boot-mode.html below:

Set the boot mode of an Amazon EC2 AMI

By default, an AMI inherits the boot mode of the EC2 instance used to create the AMI. For example, if you create an AMI from an EC2 instance running on Legacy BIOS, the boot mode of the new AMI is legacy-bios. If you create an AMI from an EC2 instance with a boot mode of uefi-preferred, the boot mode of the new AMI is uefi-preferred.

When you register an AMI, you can set the boot mode of the AMI to uefi, legacy-bios, or uefi-preferred.

When the AMI boot mode is set to uefi-preferred, the instance boots as follows:

For instance types that support both UEFI and Legacy BIOS (for example, m5.large), the instance boots using UEFI.
For instance types that support only Legacy BIOS (for example, m4.large), the instance boots using Legacy BIOS.

If you set the AMI boot mode to uefi-preferred, the operating system must support the ability to boot both UEFI and Legacy BIOS.

To convert an existing Legacy BIOS-based instance to UEFI, or an existing UEFI-based instance to Legacy BIOS, you must first modify the instance's volume and operating system to support the selected boot mode. Then, create a snapshot of the volume. Finally, create an AMI from the snapshot.

Considerations

Setting the AMI boot mode parameter does not automatically configure the operating system for the specified boot mode. You must first make suitable modifications to the instance's volume and operating system to support booting using the selected boot mode. Otherwise, the resulting AMI is not usable. For example, if you are converting a Legacy BIOS-based Windows instance to UEFI, you can use the MBR2GPT tool from Microsoft to convert the system disk from MBR to GPT. The modifications that are required are operating system-specific. For more information, see the manual for your operating system.
You can't use the register-image command or the Register-EC2Image cmdlet to create an AMI that supports both NitroTPM and UEFI Preferred.
Some features, like UEFI Secure Boot, are only available on instances that boot on UEFI. When you use the uefi-preferred AMI boot mode parameter with an instance type that does not support UEFI, the instance launches as Legacy BIOS and the UEFI-dependent feature is disabled. If you rely on the availability of a UEFI-dependent feature, set your AMI boot mode parameter to uefi.

AWS CLI

To set the boot mode of an AMI

Make suitable modifications to the instance's volume and operating system to support booting via the selected boot mode. The modifications that are required are operating system-specific. For more information, see the manual for your operating system.

Warning

If you don't perform this step, the AMI will not be usable.

To find the volume ID of the instance, use the describe-instances command. You'll create a snapshot of this volume in the next step.

aws ec2 describe-instances \
    --instance-ids i-1234567890abcdef0 \
    --query Reservations[].Instances[].BlockDeviceMappings

The following is example output.

[
    [
        {
            "DeviceName": "/dev/xvda",
            "Ebs": {
                "AttachTime": "2024-07-11T01:05:51+00:00",
                "DeleteOnTermination": true,
                "Status": "attached",
                "VolumeId": "vol-1234567890abcdef0"
            }
        }
    ]
]

To create a snapshot of the volume, use the create-snapshot command. Use the volume ID from the previous step.

aws ec2 create-snapshot \
    --volume-id vol-01234567890abcdef \
    --description "my snapshot"

The following is example output.

{
    "Description": "my snapshot",
    "Encrypted": false,
    "OwnerId": "123456789012",
    "Progress": "",
    "SnapshotId": "snap-0abcdef1234567890",
    "StartTime": "",
    "State": "pending",
    "VolumeId": "vol-01234567890abcdef",
    "VolumeSize": 30,
    "Tags": []
}

Wait until the state of the snapshot is completed before you go to the next step. To get the state of the snapshot, use the describe-snapshots command with the snapshot ID from the previous step.
```
aws ec2 describe-snapshots \
    --snapshot-ids snap-0abcdef1234567890 \
    --query Snapshots[].State \
    --output text
```
The following is example output.
```
completed
```

To create a new AMI, use the register-image command. Use the value of SnapshotId from the output of CreateSnapshot.

To set the boot mode to UEFI, add the --boot-mode parameter with a value of uefi.

aws ec2 register-image \
   --description "my image" \
   --name "my-image" \
   --block-device-mappings "DeviceName=/dev/sda1,Ebs={SnapshotId=snap-0abcdef1234567890,DeleteOnTermination=true}" \
   --root-device-name /dev/sda1 \
   --virtualization-type hvm \
   --ena-support \
   --boot-mode uefi

To set the boot mode to uefi-preferred, set the value of --boot-mode to uefi-preferred

aws ec2 register-image \
   --description "my description" \
   --name "my-image" \
   --block-device-mappings "DeviceName=/dev/sda1,Ebs={SnapshotId=snap-0abcdef1234567890,DeleteOnTermination=true}" \
   --root-device-name /dev/sda1 \
   --virtualization-type hvm \
   --ena-support \
   --boot-mode uefi-preferred

(Optional) To verify that the newly-created AMI has the boot mode that you specified, use the describe-images command.
```
aws ec2 describe-images \
    --image-id ami-1234567890abcdef0 \
    --query Images[].BootMode \
    --output text
```
The following is example output.
```
uefi
```

PowerShell

To set the boot mode of an AMI

Make suitable modifications to the instance's volume and operating system to support booting via the selected boot mode. The modifications that are required are operating system-specific. For more information, see the manual for your operating system.

Warning

If you don't perform this step, the AMI will not be usable.

To find the volume ID of the instance, use the Get-EC2Instance cmdlet.

(Get-EC2Instance `
    -InstanceId i-1234567890abcdef0).Instances.BlockDeviceMappings.Ebs

The following is example output.

AssociatedResource  : 
AttachTime          : 7/11/2024 1:05:51 AM
DeleteOnTermination : True
Operator            : 
Status              : attached
VolumeId            : vol-01234567890abcdef

To create a snapshot of the volume, use the New-EC2Snapshot cmdlet. Use the volume ID from the previous step.

New-EC2Snapshot `
    -VolumeId vol-01234567890abcdef `
    -Description "my snapshot"

The following is example output.

AvailabilityZone          : 
Description               : my snapshot
Encrypted                 : False
FullSnapshotSizeInBytes   : 0
KmsKeyId                  : 
OwnerId                   : 123456789012
RestoreExpiryTime         : 
SnapshotId                : snap-0abcdef1234567890
SseType                   : 
StartTime                 : 4/25/2025 6:08:59 PM
State                     : pending
StateMessage              : 
VolumeId                  : vol-01234567890abcdef
VolumeSize                : 30

Wait until the state of the snapshot is completed before you go to the next step. To get the state of the snapshot, use the Get-EC2Snapshot cmdlet with the snapshot ID from the previous step.
```
(Get-EC2Snapshot `
    -SnapshotId snap-0abcdef1234567890).State.Value
```
The following is example output.
```
completed
```

To create a new AMI, use the Register-EC2Image cmdlet. Use the value of SnapshotId from the output of New-EC2Snapshot.

To set the boot mode to UEFI, add the -BootMode parameter with a value of uefi.

$block = @{SnapshotId=snap-0abcdef1234567890}
Register-EC2Image ` 
   -Description "my image" `
   -Name "my-image" `
   -BlockDeviceMapping @{DeviceName="/dev/xvda";Ebs=$block} `
   -RootDeviceName /dev/xvda `
   -EnaSupport $true `
   -BootMode uefi

To set the boot mode to uefi-preferred, set the value of -BootMode to uefi-preferred

$block = @{SnapshotId=snap-0abcdef1234567890}
Register-EC2Image ` 
   -Description "my image" `
   -Name "my-image" `
   -BlockDeviceMapping @{DeviceName="/dev/xvda";Ebs=$block} `
   -RootDeviceName /dev/xvda `
   -EnaSupport $true `
   -BootMode uefi-preferred

(Optional) To verify that the newly-created AMI has the boot mode that you specified, use the Get-EC2Image cmdlet.
```
(Get-EC2Image `
    -ImageId ami-1234567890abcdef0).BootMode.Value
```
The following is example output.
```
uefi
```

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