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Duration in core::time - Rust

pub struct Duration {  }

A Duration type to represent a span of time, typically used for system timeouts.

Each Duration is composed of a whole number of seconds and a fractional part represented in nanoseconds. If the underlying system does not support nanosecond-level precision, APIs binding a system timeout will typically round up the number of nanoseconds.

Durations implement many common traits, including Add, Sub, and other ops traits. It implements Default by returning a zero-length Duration.

use std::time::Duration;

let five_seconds = Duration::new(5, 0);
let five_seconds_and_five_nanos = five_seconds + Duration::new(0, 5);

assert_eq!(five_seconds_and_five_nanos.as_secs(), 5);
assert_eq!(five_seconds_and_five_nanos.subsec_nanos(), 5);

let ten_millis = Duration::from_millis(10);

Duration intentionally does not have a Display impl, as there are a variety of ways to format spans of time for human readability. Duration provides a Debug impl that shows the full precision of the value.

The Debug output uses the non-ASCII “µs” suffix for microseconds. If your program output may appear in contexts that cannot rely on full Unicode compatibility, you may wish to format Duration objects yourself or use a crate to do so.

The duration of one second.

#![feature(duration_constants)]
use std::time::Duration;

assert_eq!(Duration::SECOND, Duration::from_secs(1));

The duration of one millisecond.

#![feature(duration_constants)]
use std::time::Duration;

assert_eq!(Duration::MILLISECOND, Duration::from_millis(1));

The duration of one microsecond.

#![feature(duration_constants)]
use std::time::Duration;

assert_eq!(Duration::MICROSECOND, Duration::from_micros(1));

The duration of one nanosecond.

#![feature(duration_constants)]
use std::time::Duration;

assert_eq!(Duration::NANOSECOND, Duration::from_nanos(1));

A duration of zero time.

use std::time::Duration;

let duration = Duration::ZERO;
assert!(duration.is_zero());
assert_eq!(duration.as_nanos(), 0);

The maximum duration.

May vary by platform as necessary. Must be able to contain the difference between two instances of Instant or two instances of SystemTime. This constraint gives it a value of about 584,942,417,355 years in practice, which is currently used on all platforms.

use std::time::Duration;

assert_eq!(Duration::MAX, Duration::new(u64::MAX, 1_000_000_000 - 1));

Creates a new Duration from the specified number of whole seconds and additional nanoseconds.

If the number of nanoseconds is greater than 1 billion (the number of nanoseconds in a second), then it will carry over into the seconds provided.

This constructor will panic if the carry from the nanoseconds overflows the seconds counter.

use std::time::Duration;

let five_seconds = Duration::new(5, 0);

Creates a new Duration from the specified number of whole seconds.

use std::time::Duration;

let duration = Duration::from_secs(5);

assert_eq!(5, duration.as_secs());
assert_eq!(0, duration.subsec_nanos());

Creates a new Duration from the specified number of milliseconds.

use std::time::Duration;

let duration = Duration::from_millis(2_569);

assert_eq!(2, duration.as_secs());
assert_eq!(569_000_000, duration.subsec_nanos());

Creates a new Duration from the specified number of microseconds.

use std::time::Duration;

let duration = Duration::from_micros(1_000_002);

assert_eq!(1, duration.as_secs());
assert_eq!(2_000, duration.subsec_nanos());

Creates a new Duration from the specified number of nanoseconds.

Note: Using this on the return value of as_nanos() might cause unexpected behavior: as_nanos() returns a u128, and can return values that do not fit in u64, e.g. 585 years. Instead, consider using the pattern Duration::new(d.as_secs(), d.subsec_nanos()) if you cannot copy/clone the Duration directly.

use std::time::Duration;

let duration = Duration::from_nanos(1_000_000_123);

assert_eq!(1, duration.as_secs());
assert_eq!(123, duration.subsec_nanos());

Creates a new Duration from the specified number of weeks.

Panics if the given number of weeks overflows the Duration size.

#![feature(duration_constructors)]
use std::time::Duration;

let duration = Duration::from_weeks(4);

assert_eq!(4 * 7 * 24 * 60 * 60, duration.as_secs());
assert_eq!(0, duration.subsec_nanos());

Creates a new Duration from the specified number of days.

Panics if the given number of days overflows the Duration size.

#![feature(duration_constructors)]
use std::time::Duration;

let duration = Duration::from_days(7);

assert_eq!(7 * 24 * 60 * 60, duration.as_secs());
assert_eq!(0, duration.subsec_nanos());

Creates a new Duration from the specified number of hours.

Panics if the given number of hours overflows the Duration size.

use std::time::Duration;

let duration = Duration::from_hours(6);

assert_eq!(6 * 60 * 60, duration.as_secs());
assert_eq!(0, duration.subsec_nanos());

Creates a new Duration from the specified number of minutes.

Panics if the given number of minutes overflows the Duration size.

use std::time::Duration;

let duration = Duration::from_mins(10);

assert_eq!(10 * 60, duration.as_secs());
assert_eq!(0, duration.subsec_nanos());

Returns true if this Duration spans no time.

use std::time::Duration;

assert!(Duration::ZERO.is_zero());
assert!(Duration::new(0, 0).is_zero());
assert!(Duration::from_nanos(0).is_zero());
assert!(Duration::from_secs(0).is_zero());

assert!(!Duration::new(1, 1).is_zero());
assert!(!Duration::from_nanos(1).is_zero());
assert!(!Duration::from_secs(1).is_zero());

Returns the number of whole seconds contained by this Duration.

The returned value does not include the fractional (nanosecond) part of the duration, which can be obtained using subsec_nanos.

use std::time::Duration;

let duration = Duration::new(5, 730_023_852);
assert_eq!(duration.as_secs(), 5);

To determine the total number of seconds represented by the Duration including the fractional part, use as_secs_f64 or as_secs_f32

Returns the fractional part of this Duration, in whole milliseconds.

This method does not return the length of the duration when represented by milliseconds. The returned number always represents a fractional portion of a second (i.e., it is less than one thousand).

use std::time::Duration;

let duration = Duration::from_millis(5_432);
assert_eq!(duration.as_secs(), 5);
assert_eq!(duration.subsec_millis(), 432);

Returns the fractional part of this Duration, in whole microseconds.

This method does not return the length of the duration when represented by microseconds. The returned number always represents a fractional portion of a second (i.e., it is less than one million).

use std::time::Duration;

let duration = Duration::from_micros(1_234_567);
assert_eq!(duration.as_secs(), 1);
assert_eq!(duration.subsec_micros(), 234_567);

Returns the fractional part of this Duration, in nanoseconds.

This method does not return the length of the duration when represented by nanoseconds. The returned number always represents a fractional portion of a second (i.e., it is less than one billion).

use std::time::Duration;

let duration = Duration::from_millis(5_010);
assert_eq!(duration.as_secs(), 5);
assert_eq!(duration.subsec_nanos(), 10_000_000);

Returns the total number of whole milliseconds contained by this Duration.

use std::time::Duration;

let duration = Duration::new(5, 730_023_852);
assert_eq!(duration.as_millis(), 5_730);

Returns the total number of whole microseconds contained by this Duration.

use std::time::Duration;

let duration = Duration::new(5, 730_023_852);
assert_eq!(duration.as_micros(), 5_730_023);

Returns the total number of nanoseconds contained by this Duration.

use std::time::Duration;

let duration = Duration::new(5, 730_023_852);
assert_eq!(duration.as_nanos(), 5_730_023_852);

Computes the absolute difference between self and other.

use std::time::Duration;

assert_eq!(Duration::new(100, 0).abs_diff(Duration::new(80, 0)), Duration::new(20, 0));
assert_eq!(Duration::new(100, 400_000_000).abs_diff(Duration::new(110, 0)), Duration::new(9, 600_000_000));

Checked Duration addition. Computes self + other, returning None if overflow occurred.

use std::time::Duration;

assert_eq!(Duration::new(0, 0).checked_add(Duration::new(0, 1)), Some(Duration::new(0, 1)));
assert_eq!(Duration::new(1, 0).checked_add(Duration::new(u64::MAX, 0)), None);

Saturating Duration addition. Computes self + other, returning Duration::MAX if overflow occurred.

#![feature(duration_constants)]
use std::time::Duration;

assert_eq!(Duration::new(0, 0).saturating_add(Duration::new(0, 1)), Duration::new(0, 1));
assert_eq!(Duration::new(1, 0).saturating_add(Duration::new(u64::MAX, 0)), Duration::MAX);

Checked Duration subtraction. Computes self - other, returning None if the result would be negative or if overflow occurred.

use std::time::Duration;

assert_eq!(Duration::new(0, 1).checked_sub(Duration::new(0, 0)), Some(Duration::new(0, 1)));
assert_eq!(Duration::new(0, 0).checked_sub(Duration::new(0, 1)), None);

Saturating Duration subtraction. Computes self - other, returning Duration::ZERO if the result would be negative or if overflow occurred.

use std::time::Duration;

assert_eq!(Duration::new(0, 1).saturating_sub(Duration::new(0, 0)), Duration::new(0, 1));
assert_eq!(Duration::new(0, 0).saturating_sub(Duration::new(0, 1)), Duration::ZERO);

Checked Duration multiplication. Computes self * other, returning None if overflow occurred.

use std::time::Duration;

assert_eq!(Duration::new(0, 500_000_001).checked_mul(2), Some(Duration::new(1, 2)));
assert_eq!(Duration::new(u64::MAX - 1, 0).checked_mul(2), None);

Saturating Duration multiplication. Computes self * other, returning Duration::MAX if overflow occurred.

#![feature(duration_constants)]
use std::time::Duration;

assert_eq!(Duration::new(0, 500_000_001).saturating_mul(2), Duration::new(1, 2));
assert_eq!(Duration::new(u64::MAX - 1, 0).saturating_mul(2), Duration::MAX);

Checked Duration division. Computes self / other, returning None if other == 0.

use std::time::Duration;

assert_eq!(Duration::new(2, 0).checked_div(2), Some(Duration::new(1, 0)));
assert_eq!(Duration::new(1, 0).checked_div(2), Some(Duration::new(0, 500_000_000)));
assert_eq!(Duration::new(2, 0).checked_div(0), None);

Returns the number of seconds contained by this Duration as f64.

The returned value includes the fractional (nanosecond) part of the duration.

use std::time::Duration;

let dur = Duration::new(2, 700_000_000);
assert_eq!(dur.as_secs_f64(), 2.7);

Returns the number of seconds contained by this Duration as f32.

The returned value includes the fractional (nanosecond) part of the duration.

use std::time::Duration;

let dur = Duration::new(2, 700_000_000);
assert_eq!(dur.as_secs_f32(), 2.7);

Returns the number of milliseconds contained by this Duration as f64.

The returned value includes the fractional (nanosecond) part of the duration.

#![feature(duration_millis_float)]
use std::time::Duration;

let dur = Duration::new(2, 345_678_000);
assert_eq!(dur.as_millis_f64(), 2_345.678);

Returns the number of milliseconds contained by this Duration as f32.

The returned value includes the fractional (nanosecond) part of the duration.

#![feature(duration_millis_float)]
use std::time::Duration;

let dur = Duration::new(2, 345_678_000);
assert_eq!(dur.as_millis_f32(), 2_345.678);

Creates a new Duration from the specified number of seconds represented as f64.

This constructor will panic if secs is negative, overflows Duration or not finite.

use std::time::Duration;

let res = Duration::from_secs_f64(0.0);
assert_eq!(res, Duration::new(0, 0));
let res = Duration::from_secs_f64(1e-20);
assert_eq!(res, Duration::new(0, 0));
let res = Duration::from_secs_f64(4.2e-7);
assert_eq!(res, Duration::new(0, 420));
let res = Duration::from_secs_f64(2.7);
assert_eq!(res, Duration::new(2, 700_000_000));
let res = Duration::from_secs_f64(3e10);
assert_eq!(res, Duration::new(30_000_000_000, 0));
let res = Duration::from_secs_f64(f64::from_bits(1));
assert_eq!(res, Duration::new(0, 0));
let res = Duration::from_secs_f64(0.999e-9);
assert_eq!(res, Duration::new(0, 1));

Creates a new Duration from the specified number of seconds represented as f32.

This constructor will panic if secs is negative, overflows Duration or not finite.

use std::time::Duration;

let res = Duration::from_secs_f32(0.0);
assert_eq!(res, Duration::new(0, 0));
let res = Duration::from_secs_f32(1e-20);
assert_eq!(res, Duration::new(0, 0));
let res = Duration::from_secs_f32(4.2e-7);
assert_eq!(res, Duration::new(0, 420));
let res = Duration::from_secs_f32(2.7);
assert_eq!(res, Duration::new(2, 700_000_048));
let res = Duration::from_secs_f32(3e10);
assert_eq!(res, Duration::new(30_000_001_024, 0));
let res = Duration::from_secs_f32(f32::from_bits(1));
assert_eq!(res, Duration::new(0, 0));
let res = Duration::from_secs_f32(0.999e-9);
assert_eq!(res, Duration::new(0, 1));

Multiplies Duration by f64.

This method will panic if result is negative, overflows Duration or not finite.

use std::time::Duration;

let dur = Duration::new(2, 700_000_000);
assert_eq!(dur.mul_f64(3.14), Duration::new(8, 478_000_000));
assert_eq!(dur.mul_f64(3.14e5), Duration::new(847_800, 0));

Multiplies Duration by f32.

This method will panic if result is negative, overflows Duration or not finite.

use std::time::Duration;

let dur = Duration::new(2, 700_000_000);
assert_eq!(dur.mul_f32(3.14), Duration::new(8, 478_000_641));
assert_eq!(dur.mul_f32(3.14e5), Duration::new(847_800, 0));

Divides Duration by f64.

This method will panic if result is negative, overflows Duration or not finite.

use std::time::Duration;

let dur = Duration::new(2, 700_000_000);
assert_eq!(dur.div_f64(3.14), Duration::new(0, 859_872_611));
assert_eq!(dur.div_f64(3.14e5), Duration::new(0, 8_599));

Divides Duration by f32.

This method will panic if result is negative, overflows Duration or not finite.

use std::time::Duration;

let dur = Duration::new(2, 700_000_000);
assert_eq!(dur.div_f32(3.14), Duration::new(0, 859_872_580));
assert_eq!(dur.div_f32(3.14e5), Duration::new(0, 8_599));

Divides Duration by Duration and returns f64.

use std::time::Duration;

let dur1 = Duration::new(2, 700_000_000);
let dur2 = Duration::new(5, 400_000_000);
assert_eq!(dur1.div_duration_f64(dur2), 0.5);

Divides Duration by Duration and returns f32.

use std::time::Duration;

let dur1 = Duration::new(2, 700_000_000);
let dur2 = Duration::new(5, 400_000_000);
assert_eq!(dur1.div_duration_f32(dur2), 0.5);

The checked version of from_secs_f32.

This constructor will return an Err if secs is negative, overflows Duration or not finite.

use std::time::Duration;

let res = Duration::try_from_secs_f32(0.0);
assert_eq!(res, Ok(Duration::new(0, 0)));
let res = Duration::try_from_secs_f32(1e-20);
assert_eq!(res, Ok(Duration::new(0, 0)));
let res = Duration::try_from_secs_f32(4.2e-7);
assert_eq!(res, Ok(Duration::new(0, 420)));
let res = Duration::try_from_secs_f32(2.7);
assert_eq!(res, Ok(Duration::new(2, 700_000_048)));
let res = Duration::try_from_secs_f32(3e10);
assert_eq!(res, Ok(Duration::new(30_000_001_024, 0)));
let res = Duration::try_from_secs_f32(f32::from_bits(1));
assert_eq!(res, Ok(Duration::new(0, 0)));

let res = Duration::try_from_secs_f32(-5.0);
assert!(res.is_err());
let res = Duration::try_from_secs_f32(f32::NAN);
assert!(res.is_err());
let res = Duration::try_from_secs_f32(2e19);
assert!(res.is_err());

let res = Duration::try_from_secs_f32(0.999e-9);
assert_eq!(res, Ok(Duration::new(0, 1)));

let val = f32::from_bits(0x3A80_0000);
let res = Duration::try_from_secs_f32(val);
assert_eq!(res, Ok(Duration::new(0, 976_562)));

let val = f32::from_bits(0x3B40_0000);
let res = Duration::try_from_secs_f32(val);
assert_eq!(res, Ok(Duration::new(0, 2_929_688)));

let val = f32::from_bits(0x3F802000);
let res = Duration::try_from_secs_f32(val);
assert_eq!(res, Ok(Duration::new(1, 976_562)));

let val = f32::from_bits(0x3F806000);
let res = Duration::try_from_secs_f32(val);
assert_eq!(res, Ok(Duration::new(1, 2_929_688)));

The checked version of from_secs_f64.

This constructor will return an Err if secs is negative, overflows Duration or not finite.

use std::time::Duration;

let res = Duration::try_from_secs_f64(0.0);
assert_eq!(res, Ok(Duration::new(0, 0)));
let res = Duration::try_from_secs_f64(1e-20);
assert_eq!(res, Ok(Duration::new(0, 0)));
let res = Duration::try_from_secs_f64(4.2e-7);
assert_eq!(res, Ok(Duration::new(0, 420)));
let res = Duration::try_from_secs_f64(2.7);
assert_eq!(res, Ok(Duration::new(2, 700_000_000)));
let res = Duration::try_from_secs_f64(3e10);
assert_eq!(res, Ok(Duration::new(30_000_000_000, 0)));
let res = Duration::try_from_secs_f64(f64::from_bits(1));
assert_eq!(res, Ok(Duration::new(0, 0)));

let res = Duration::try_from_secs_f64(-5.0);
assert!(res.is_err());
let res = Duration::try_from_secs_f64(f64::NAN);
assert!(res.is_err());
let res = Duration::try_from_secs_f64(2e19);
assert!(res.is_err());

let res = Duration::try_from_secs_f64(0.999e-9);
assert_eq!(res, Ok(Duration::new(0, 1)));
let res = Duration::try_from_secs_f64(0.999_999_999_499);
assert_eq!(res, Ok(Duration::new(0, 999_999_999)));
let res = Duration::try_from_secs_f64(0.999_999_999_501);
assert_eq!(res, Ok(Duration::new(1, 0)));
let res = Duration::try_from_secs_f64(42.999_999_999_499);
assert_eq!(res, Ok(Duration::new(42, 999_999_999)));
let res = Duration::try_from_secs_f64(42.999_999_999_501);
assert_eq!(res, Ok(Duration::new(43, 0)));

let val = f64::from_bits(0x3F50_0000_0000_0000);
let res = Duration::try_from_secs_f64(val);
assert_eq!(res, Ok(Duration::new(0, 976_562)));

let val = f64::from_bits(0x3F68_0000_0000_0000);
let res = Duration::try_from_secs_f64(val);
assert_eq!(res, Ok(Duration::new(0, 2_929_688)));

let val = f64::from_bits(0x3FF0_0400_0000_0000);
let res = Duration::try_from_secs_f64(val);
assert_eq!(res, Ok(Duration::new(1, 976_562)));

let val = f64::from_bits(0x3_FF00_C000_0000_000);
let res = Duration::try_from_secs_f64(val);
assert_eq!(res, Ok(Duration::new(1, 2_929_688)));

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