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Geocoding Service | Maps JavaScript API

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This page describes the client-side service available with the Maps JavaScript API. If you want to work with Google Maps web services on your server, take a look at the Node.js Client for Google Maps Services. The page at that link also introduces the Java Client, Python Client and Go Client for Google Maps Services.

Geocoding is the process of converting addresses (like "1600 Amphitheatre Parkway, Mountain View, CA") into geographic coordinates (like latitude 37.423021 and longitude -122.083739), which you can use to place markers or position the map.

Reverse geocoding is the process of converting geographic coordinates into a human-readable address (see Reverse geocoding (Address Lookup)).

You can also use the geocoder to find the address for a given place ID.

The Maps JavaScript API provides a Geocoder class for geocoding and reverse geocoding dynamically from user input. If instead you want to geocode static, known addresses, see the Geocoding web service.

Before using the Geocoding service in the Maps JavaScript API, first ensure that the Geocoding API is enabled in the Google Cloud console, in the same project you set up for the Maps JavaScript API.

To view your list of enabled APIs:

1. Go to the Google Cloud console.
2. Click the Select a project button, then select the same project you set up for the Maps JavaScript API and click Open.
3. From the list of APIs on the Dashboard, look for Geocoding API.
4. If you see the API in the list, you're all set. If the API is not listed, enable it:
   1. At the top of the page, select ENABLE API to display the Library tab. Alternatively, from the left side menu, select Library.
   2. Search for Geocoding API, then select it from the results list.
   3. Select ENABLE. When the process finishes, Geocoding API appears in the list of APIs on the Dashboard.

To learn about pricing and usage policies for the JavaScript Geocoding service, see Usage and Billing for the Geocoding API.

Your use of the Geocoding service must be in accordance with the Policies for Geocoding API.

Accessing the Geocoding service is asynchronous, since the Google Maps API needs to make a call to an external server. For that reason, you need to pass a callback method to execute upon completion of the request. This callback method processes the result(s). Note that the geocoder may return more than one result.

You access the Google Maps API geocoding service within your code using the google.maps.Geocoder constructor object. The Geocoder.geocode() method initiates a request to the geocoding service, passing it a GeocoderRequest object literal containing the input terms and a callback method to execute upon receipt of the response.

The GeocoderRequest object literal contains the following fields:

{
 address: string,
 location: LatLng,
 placeId: string,
 bounds: LatLngBounds,
 componentRestrictions: GeocoderComponentRestrictions,
 region: string
}

Required parameters: You must supply one, and only one, of the following fields:

• address — The address which you want to geocode.
       or
  location — The LatLng (or LatLngLiteral) for which you want to obtain the closest, human-readable address. The geocoder performs a reverse geocode. See Reverse Geocoding for more information.
       or
  placeId — The place ID of the place for which you want to obtain the closest, human-readable address. See more about retrieving an address for a place ID.

Optional parameters:

• bounds — The LatLngBounds within which to bias geocode results more prominently. The bounds parameter will only influence, not fully restrict, results from the geocoder. See more information about viewport biasing below.
• componentRestrictions — Used to restrict results to a specific area. See more information about component filtering below.
• region — The region code, specified as a specified as a two-character (non-numeric) Unicode region subtag. In most cases, these tags map directly to familiar ccTLD ("top-level domain") two-character values. The region parameter will only influence, not fully restrict, results from the geocoder. See more information about region code biasing below.
• extraComputations — The only allowed value for this parameter is ADDRESS_DESCRIPTORS. See address descriptors for more details.
• fulfillOnZeroResults — Fulfill the promise on a ZERO_RESULT status in the response. This may be desired because even with zero geocoding results there may still be additional response level fields returned. See Fulfill on Zero Results for more details.

The Geocoding service requires a callback method to execute upon retrieval of the geocoder's results. This callback should pass two parameters to hold the results and a status code, in that order.

The GeocoderResult object represents a single geocoding result. A geocode request may return multiple result objects:

results[]: {
 types[]: string,
 formatted_address: string,
 address_components[]: {
   short_name: string,
   long_name: string,
   postcode_localities[]: string,
   types[]: string
 },
 partial_match: boolean,
 place_id: string,
 postcode_localities[]: string,
 geometry: {
   location: LatLng,
   location_type: GeocoderLocationType
   viewport: LatLngBounds,
   bounds: LatLngBounds
 }
}

These fields are explained below:

• types[] is an array indicating the address type of the returned result. This array contains a set of zero or more tags identifying the type of feature returned in the result. For example, a geocode of "Chicago" returns "locality" which indicates that "Chicago" is a city, and also returns "political" which indicates it is a political entity. See more information about address types and address component types below.
• formatted_address is a string containing the human-readable address of this location.

  Often this address is equivalent to the postal address. Note that some countries, such as the United Kingdom, do not allow distribution of true postal addresses due to licensing restrictions.

  The formatted address is logically composed of one or more address components. For example, the address "111 8th Avenue, New York, NY" consists of the following components: "111" (the street number), "8th Avenue" (the route), "New York" (the city) and "NY" (the US state).

  Do not parse the formatted address programmatically. Instead you should use the individual address components, which the API response includes in addition to the formatted address field.

• address_components[] is an array containing the separate components applicable to this address.

  Each address component typically contains the following fields:

  • types[] is an array indicating the type of the address component. See the list of supported types.
  • long_name is the full text description or name of the address component as returned by the Geocoder.
  • short_name is an abbreviated textual name for the address component, if available. For example, an address component for the state of Alaska may have a long_name of "Alaska" and a short_name of "AK" using the 2-letter postal abbreviation.

  Note the following facts about the address_components[] array:

  • The array of address components may contain more components than the formatted_address.
  • The array does not necessarily include all the political entities that contain an address, apart from those included in the formatted_address. To retrieve all the political entities that contain a specific address, you should use reverse geocoding, passing the latitude/longitude of the address as a parameter to the request.
  • The format of the response is not guaranteed to remain the same between requests. In particular, the number of address_components varies based on the address requested and can change over time for the same address. A component can change position in the array. The type of the component can change. A particular component may be missing in a later response.

  See more information about address types and address component types below.

• partial_match indicates that the geocoder did not return an exact match for the original request, though it was able to match part of the requested address. You may wish to examine the original request for misspellings and/or an incomplete address.

  Partial matches most often occur for street addresses that do not exist within the locality you pass in the request. Partial matches may also be returned when a request matches two or more locations in the same locality. For example, "Hillpar St, Bristol, UK" will return a partial match for both Henry Street and Henrietta Street. Note that if a request includes a misspelled address component, the geocoding service may suggest an alternative address. Suggestions triggered in this way will also be marked as a partial match.

• place_idis a unique identifier of a place, which can be used with other Google APIs. For example, you can use the place_id with the Google Places API library to get details of a local business, such as phone number, opening hours, user reviews, and more. See the place ID overview.
• postcode_localities[] is an array denoting all the localities contained in a postal code, and is only present when the result is a postal code that contains multiple localities.

• geometry contains the following information:

  • location contains the geocoded latitude,longitude value. Note that we return this location as a LatLng object, not as a formatted string.
  • location_type stores additional data about the specified location. The following values are supported:
    • ROOFTOP indicates that the returned result reflects a precise geocode.
    • RANGE_INTERPOLATED indicates that the returned result reflects an approximation (usually on a road) interpolated between two precise points (such as intersections). Interpolated results are generally returned when rooftop geocodes are unavailable for a street address.
    • GEOMETRIC_CENTER indicates that the returned result is the geometric center of a result such as a polyline (for example, a street) or polygon (region).
    • APPROXIMATE indicates that the returned result is approximate.
  
  
  • viewport stores the recommended viewport for the returned result.
  • bounds (optionally returned) stores the LatLngBounds which can fully contain the returned result. Note that these bounds may not match the recommended viewport. (For example, San Francisco includes the Farallon Islands, which are technically part of the city, but shouldn't be returned in the viewport.)

Addresses are returned by the Geocoder using the browser's preferred language setting, or the language specified when loading the API JavaScript using the language parameter. (For more information, see Localization.)

The types[] array in the GeocoderResult in the response indicates the address type. Examples of address types include a street address, a country, or a political entity. The types array in the GeocoderAddressComponent indicates the type of each part of the address. Examples include street number or country.

Addresses may have multiple types. The types may be considered 'tags'. For example, many cities are tagged with the political and locality types.

The following types are supported and returned in both the address type and address component type arrays:

An empty list of types indicates there are no known types for the particular address component (for example, Lieu-dit in France).

In addition to the above, address components may include the types below.

Note: This list is not exhaustive, and is subject to change.

In addition to the above, address components may include the types listed below.

The status code may return one of the following values:

• "OK" indicates that no errors occurred; the address was successfully parsed and at least one geocode was returned.
• "ZERO_RESULTS" indicates that the geocode was successful but returned no results. This may occur if the geocoder was passed a non-existent address.
• "OVER_QUERY_LIMIT" indicates that you are over your quota.
• "REQUEST_DENIED" indicates that your request was denied. The web page is not allowed to use the geocoder.
• "INVALID_REQUEST" generally indicates that the query (address, components or latlng) is missing.
• "UNKNOWN_ERROR" indicates that the request couldn't be processed due to a server error. The request may succeed if you try again.
• "ERROR" indicates that the request timed out or there was a problem contacting the Google servers. The request may succeed if you try again.

In this example, we geocode an address and place a marker at the returned latitude and longitude values. Note that the handler is passed as an anonymous function literal.

  var geocoder;
  var map;
  function initialize() {
    geocoder = new google.maps.Geocoder();
    var latlng = new google.maps.LatLng(-34.397, 150.644);
    var mapOptions = {
      zoom: 8,
      center: latlng
    }
    map = new google.maps.Map(document.getElementById('map'), mapOptions);
  }

  function codeAddress() {
    var address = document.getElementById('address').value;
    geocoder.geocode( { 'address': address}, function(results, status) {
      if (status == 'OK') {
        map.setCenter(results[0].geometry.location);
        var marker = new google.maps.Marker({
            map: map,
            position: results[0].geometry.location
        });
      } else {
        alert('Geocode was not successful for the following reason: ' + status);
      }
    });
  }

<body onload="initialize()">
 <div id="map" style="width: 320px; height: 480px;"></div>
  <div>
    <input id="address" type="textbox" value="Sydney, NSW">
    <input type="button" value="Encode" onclick="codeAddress()">
  </div>
</body>

View example.

You can instruct the Geocoding Service to prefer results within a given viewport (expressed as a bounding box). You do so by setting the bounds parameter within the GeocoderRequest object literal to define the bounds of this viewport. Note that biasing only prefers results within the bounds; if more relevant results exist outside of these bounds, they may be included.

For example, a geocode for "Winnetka" generally returns this suburb of Chicago:

{
  "types":["locality","political"],
  "formatted_address":"Winnetka, IL, USA",
  "address_components":[{
    "long_name":"Winnetka",
    "short_name":"Winnetka",
    "types":["locality","political"]
  },{
    "long_name":"Illinois",
    "short_name":"IL",
    "types":["administrative_area_level_1","political"]
  },{
    "long_name":"United States",
    "short_name":"US",
    "types":["country","political"]
  }],
  "geometry":{
    "location":[ -87.7417070, 42.1083080],
    "location_type":"APPROXIMATE"
  },
  "place_id": "ChIJW8Va5TnED4gRY91Ng47qy3Q"
}

However, specifying a bounds parameter defining a bounding box for the San Fernando Valley of Los Angeles results in this geocode returning the neighborhood named "Winnetka" in that location:

{
  "types":["sublocality","political"],
  "formatted_address":"Winnetka, California, USA",
  "address_components":[{
    "long_name":"Winnetka",
    "short_name":"Winnetka",
    "types":["sublocality","political"]
  },{
    "long_name":"Los Angeles",
    "short_name":"Los Angeles",
    "types":["administrative_area_level_3","political"]
  },{
    "long_name":"Los Angeles",
    "short_name":"Los Angeles",
    "types":["administrative_area_level_2","political"]
  },{
    "long_name":"California",
    "short_name":"CA",
    "types":["administrative_area_level_1","political"]
  },{
    "long_name":"United States",
    "short_name":"US",
    "types":["country","political"]
  }],
  "geometry":{
    "location": [34.213171,-118.571022],
    "location_type":"APPROXIMATE"
  },
  "place_id": "ChIJ0fd4S_KbwoAR2hRDrsr3HmQ"
}

You can set the Geocoding Service to return results biased to a particular region explicitly using the region parameter. This parameter takes a region code, specified as a two-character (non-numeric) Unicode region subtag. These tags map directly to familiar ccTLD ("top-level domain") two-character values such as "uk" in "co.uk" for example. In some cases, the region tag also supports ISO-3166-1 codes, which sometimes differ from ccTLD values ("GB" for "Great Britain" for example).

When using the region parameter:

• Specify only one country or region. Multiple values are ignored, and could result in a failed request.
• Use only two-character region subtags (Unicode CLDR format). All other inputs will result in errors.
• Only the countries and regions listed in Google Maps Platform Coverage Details are supported.

Geocoding requests can be sent for every domain in which the main Google Maps application offers geocoding. Note that biasing only prefers results for a specific domain; if more relevant results exist outside of this domain, they may be included.

For example, a geocode for "Toledo" returns this result, as the default domain for the Geocoding Service is set to the United States:

{
  "types":["locality","political"],
  "formatted_address":"Toledo, OH, USA",
  "address_components":[{
    "long_name":"Toledo",
    "short_name":"Toledo",
    "types":["locality","political"]
  },{
    "long_name":"Ohio",
    "short_name":"OH",
    "types":["administrative_area_level_1","political"]
  },{
    "long_name":"United States",
    "short_name":"US",
    "types":["country","political"]
  }],
  "place_id": "ChIJeU4e_C2HO4gRRcM6RZ_IPHw"
}

A geocode for "Toledo" with the region field set to 'es' (Spain) will return the Spanish city:

{
  "types":["locality","political"],
  "formatted_address":"Toledo, España",
  "address_components":[{
    "long_name":"Toledo",
    "short_name":"Toledo",
    "types":["locality","political"]
  },{
    "long_name":"Toledo",
    "short_name":"TO",
    "types":["administrative_area_level_2","political"]
  },{
    "long_name":"Castilla-La Mancha",
    "short_name":"CM",
    "types":["administrative_area_level_1","political"]
  },{
    "long_name":"España",
    "short_name":"ES",
    "types":["country","political"]
  }],
  "place_id": "ChIJ8f21C60Lag0R_q11auhbf8Y"
}

You can set the Geocoding Service to return address results restricted to a specific area, by using a components filter. Specify the filter in the componentRestrictions parameter. Filter values support the same methods of spelling correction and partial matching as other geocoding requests.

The geocoder returns only the results that match all the component filters. That is, it evaluates the filter specifications as an AND, not an OR.

A components filter consists of one or more of the following items:

• route matches long or short name of a route.
• locality matches against locality and sublocality types.
• administrativeArea matches all the levels of administrative area.
• postalCode matches postal codes and postal code prefixes.
• country matches a country name or a two letter ISO 3166-1 country code. Note: The API follows the ISO standard for defining countries, and the filtering works best when using the corresponding ISO code of the country.

The following example demonstrates using the componentRestrictions parameter to filter by country and postalCode:

function codeAddress() {
geocoder.geocode({
  componentRestrictions: {
    country: 'AU',
    postalCode: '2000'
  }
}, function(results, status) {
  if (status == 'OK') {
    map.setCenter(results[0].geometry.location);
    var marker = new google.maps.Marker({
      map: map,
      position: results[0].geometry.location
    });
  } else {
    window.alert('Geocode was not successful for the following reason: ' + status);
  }
});
}

For reverse geocoding, by default the promise is broken on status=ZERO_RESULTS. However, the additional response level fields of plus_code and address_descriptor may still be populated in this case. If true is provided for the fulfillOnZeroResults parameter, populated in this case. If true is provided for the fulfillOnZeroResults parameter, the promise is not broken and these additional fields are accessible from the promise if present.

The following is an example of this behavior for a latitude/longitude in Antarctica. Even though there are no reverse geocoding results, we can still print the plus code in the promise if we set fulfillOnZeroResults=true.

    function addressDescriptorReverseGeocoding() {
      var latlng = new google.maps.LatLng(-75.290330, 38.653861);
      geocoder
        .geocode({
          'location': latlng,
          'fulfillOnZeroResults': true,
        })
        .then((response) => {
          console.log(response.plus_code);
        })
        .catch((error) => {
          window.alert(`Error`);
        });
    }
  

Address descriptors include additional information that help describe a location using landmarks and areas. Check out the address descriptors demo to explore the feature.

Address descriptors can be enabled through the use of the extraComputations parameter. Include extra_computations=ADDRESS_DESCRIPTORS in a geocoding request , reverse geocoding request , or a places geocoding request to receive address descriptors in your response.

The following query contains the address of a place in Delhi.

function addressDescriptorPlaceIdLookup() {
  geocoder.geocode({
  geocoder.geocode({
    'placeId': 'ChIJyxAX8Bj9DDkRgBfAnBYa66Q',
    'extraComputations': ['ADDRESS_DESCRIPTORS']
    }, function(results, status) {
    if (status == 'OK') {
      console.log(results[0].address_descriptor);
    } else {
      window.alert('Geocode was not successful for the following reason: ' + status);
    }
  });
}

The following query contains the latitude/longitude value for a location in Delhi.

    function addressDescriptorReverseGeocoding() {
      var latlng = new google.maps.LatLng(28.640964,77.235875);
      geocoder
        .geocode({
          'location': latlng,
          'extraComputations': ["ADDRESS_DESCRIPTORS"],
        })
        .then((response) => {
          console.log(response.address_descriptor);
        })
        .catch((error) => {
          window.alert(`Error`);
        });
    }
  

An example address_descriptor is as follows.

  {
    "address_descriptor" : {
       "areas" : [
          {
             "containment" : "OUTSKIRTS",
             "display_name" : {
                "language_code" : "en",
                "text" : "Turkman Gate"
             },
             "place_id" : "ChIJ_7LLvyb9DDkRMKKxP9YyXgs"
          },
          {
             "containment" : "OUTSKIRTS",
             "display_name" : {
                "language_code" : "en",
                "text" : "Chandni Chowk"
             },
             "place_id" : "ChIJWcXciBr9DDkRUb4dCDykTwI"
          },
          {
             "containment" : "NEAR",
             "display_name" : {
                "language_code" : "en",
                "text" : "Katar Ganj"
             },
             "place_id" : "ChIJH3cWUyH9DDkRaw-9CjvcRvY"
          }
       ],
       "landmarks" : [
          {
             "display_name" : {
                "language_code" : "en",
                "text" : "Delite Cinema"
             },
             "straight_line_distance_meters" : 29.9306755065918,
             "place_id" : "ChIJLfiYDCT9DDkROoEa7NdupUM",
             "travel_distance_meters" : 418.7794799804688,
             "spatial_relationship" : "ACROSS_THE_ROAD",
             "types" : [ "establishment", "movie_theater", "point_of_interest" ]
          },
          {
             "display_name" : {
                "language_code" : "en",
                "text" : "YES Bank"
             },
             "straight_line_distance_meters" : 66.83731079101562,
             "place_id" : "ChIJFYHM3yb9DDkRRKGkZl2mpSQ",
             "travel_distance_meters" : 489.0340270996094,
             "spatial_relationship" : "DOWN_THE_ROAD",
             "types" : [ "bank", "establishment", "finance", "point_of_interest" ]
          },
          {
             "display_name" : {
                "language_code" : "en",
                "text" : "UCO Bank"
             },
             "straight_line_distance_meters" : 25.38849639892578,
             "place_id" : "ChIJ-c6_wCb9DDkRjIk1LeqRtGM",
             "travel_distance_meters" : 403.2246398925781,
             "spatial_relationship" : "ACROSS_THE_ROAD",
             "types" : [ "atm", "bank", "establishment", "finance", "point_of_interest" ]
          },
          {
             "display_name" : {
                "language_code" : "en",
                "text" : "Delhi By Cycle Meeting Point"
             },
             "straight_line_distance_meters" : 44.02867126464844,
             "place_id" : "ChIJNxVfkSb9DDkRJD22l-eGFdM",
             "travel_distance_meters" : 97.41281890869141,
             "spatial_relationship" : "AROUND_THE_CORNER",
             "types" : [
                "establishment",
                "point_of_interest",
                "tourist_attraction",
                "travel_agency"
             ]
          },
          {
             "display_name" : {
                "language_code" : "en",
                "text" : "Axis Bank Branch"
             },
             "straight_line_distance_meters" : 102.3495178222656,
             "place_id" : "ChIJr3uaDCT9DDkR8roHTVSn1x4",
             "travel_distance_meters" : 330.8566284179688,
             "spatial_relationship" : "DOWN_THE_ROAD",
             "types" : [ "bank", "establishment", "finance", "point_of_interest" ]
          }
       ]
    }
  }

There are two arrays in each address_descriptor object: landmarks and areas. The landmarks array contains up to 5 results ranked in order of relevance by taking account of proximity to the requested coordinate, the prevalence of the landmark and its visibility. Each landmark result contains the following values:

• place_id is the place ID of the landmarks result. See the place ID overview.
• display_name is the display name of the landmark and contains language_code and text.
• straight_line_distance_meters is the point to point distance in meters between the input coordinate and the landmarks result.
• travel_distance_meters is the distance in meters as traveled using the road network (ignoring road restrictions) between the input coordinate and the landmarks result.
• spatial_relationship is the estimated relationship between the input coordinate and the landmarks result:
• "NEAR" is the default relationship when none of the following applies.
• "WITHIN" when the input coordinate is contained within the bounds of the structure associated with the landmark.
• "BESIDE" when the input coordinate is directly adjacent to the landmark or landmark's access point.
• "ACROSS_THE_ROAD" when the input coordinate is directly opposite of the landmark on the other side of the route.
• "DOWN_THE_ROAD" when the input coordinate is along the same route as the landmark, but not "BESIDES" or "ACROSS_THE_ROAD".
• "AROUND_THE_CORNER" when the input coordinate is along a perpendicular route as the landmark (restricted to a single turn).
• "BEHIND" when the input coordinate is spatially close to the landmark, but far from its access point.
• types are the Place types of the landmark.

The areas object contains up to 3 responses and limits itself to places that represent small regions, such as neighborhoods, sublocalities, and large complexes. Areas that contain the requested coordinate are listed first and ordered from smallest to largest. Each areas result contains the following values:

• place_id is the place ID of the areas result. See the place ID overview.
• display_name is the display name of the area and contains language_code and text.
• containment is the estimated containment relationship between the input coordinate and the areas result:
• "NEAR" is the default relationship when none of the following applies.
• "WITHIN" when the input coordinate is close to the center of the area.
• "OUTSKIRTS" when the input coordinate is close to the edge of the area.

Address descriptors are in GA for India. The use of address descriptors in India incurs no additional cost and usage is covered by the existing Geocoding (India) Essentials SKU.

This feature is available in all regions. It is in GA for India and in the pre-GA Experimental launch stage for all other regions. We would appreciate feedback:

• For issues related to the India region only, contact the support team.
• For feedback on the experimental release, email us at address-descriptors-feedback@google.com.
• See Address descriptors coverage details for more information.

The term geocoding generally refers to translating a human-readable address into a location on a map. The process of doing the converse, translating a location on the map into a human-readable address, is known as reverse geocoding.

Instead of supplying a textual address, supply a comma-separated latitude/longitude pair in the location parameter.

The following example geocodes a latitude/longitude value and centers the map at that location, bringing up an info window with the formatted address:

function initMap(): void {
  const map = new google.maps.Map(
    document.getElementById("map") as HTMLElement,
    {
      zoom: 8,
      center: { lat: 40.731, lng: -73.997 },
    }
  );
  const geocoder = new google.maps.Geocoder();
  const infowindow = new google.maps.InfoWindow();

  (document.getElementById("submit") as HTMLElement).addEventListener(
    "click",
    () => {
      geocodeLatLng(geocoder, map, infowindow);
    }
  );
}

function geocodeLatLng(
  geocoder: google.maps.Geocoder,
  map: google.maps.Map,
  infowindow: google.maps.InfoWindow
) {
  const input = (document.getElementById("latlng") as HTMLInputElement).value;
  const latlngStr = input.split(",", 2);
  const latlng = {
    lat: parseFloat(latlngStr[0]),
    lng: parseFloat(latlngStr[1]),
  };

  geocoder
    .geocode({ location: latlng })
    .then((response) => {
      if (response.results[0]) {
        map.setZoom(11);

        const marker = new google.maps.Marker({
          position: latlng,
          map: map,
        });

        infowindow.setContent(response.results[0].formatted_address);
        infowindow.open(map, marker);
      } else {
        window.alert("No results found");
      }
    })
    .catch((e) => window.alert("Geocoder failed due to: " + e));
}

declare global {
  interface Window {
    initMap: () => void;
  }
}
window.initMap = initMap;

function initMap() {
  const map = new google.maps.Map(document.getElementById("map"), {
    zoom: 8,
    center: { lat: 40.731, lng: -73.997 },
  });
  const geocoder = new google.maps.Geocoder();
  const infowindow = new google.maps.InfoWindow();

  document.getElementById("submit").addEventListener("click", () => {
    geocodeLatLng(geocoder, map, infowindow);
  });
}

function geocodeLatLng(geocoder, map, infowindow) {
  const input = document.getElementById("latlng").value;
  const latlngStr = input.split(",", 2);
  const latlng = {
    lat: parseFloat(latlngStr[0]),
    lng: parseFloat(latlngStr[1]),
  };

  geocoder
    .geocode({ location: latlng })
    .then((response) => {
      if (response.results[0]) {
        map.setZoom(11);

        const marker = new google.maps.Marker({
          position: latlng,
          map: map,
        });

        infowindow.setContent(response.results[0].formatted_address);
        infowindow.open(map, marker);
      } else {
        window.alert("No results found");
      }
    })
    .catch((e) => window.alert("Geocoder failed due to: " + e));
}

window.initMap = initMap;

Note that in the previous example we showed the first result by selecting results[0]. The reverse geocoder often returns more than one result. Geocoded addresses are not just postal addresses, but any way to geographically name a location. For example, when geocoding a point in the city of Chicago, the geocoded point may be labeled as a street address, as the city (Chicago), as its state (Illinois) or as a country (The United States). All are addresses to the geocoder. The reverse geocoder returns all of these results.

The reverse geocoder matches political entities (countries, provinces, cities and neighborhoods), street addresses, and postal codes.

Here's an example of the list of addresses that the above query may return:

results[0].formatted_address: "277 Bedford Ave, Brooklyn, NY 11211, USA"
results[1].formatted_address: "Grand St/Bedford Av, Brooklyn, NY 11211, USA"
results[2].formatted_address: "Williamsburg, Brooklyn, NY, USA"
results[3].formatted_address: "Brooklyn, NY, USA"
results[4].formatted_address: "New York, NY, USA"
results[5].formatted_address: "Brooklyn, NY 11211, USA"
results[6].formatted_address: "Kings County, NY, USA"
results[7].formatted_address: "New York-Northern New Jersey-Long Island, NY-NJ-PA, USA"
results[8].formatted_address: "New York Metropolitan Area, USA"
results[9].formatted_address: "New York, USA"

Addresses are returned in the order of best to least matches. Generally, the more exact address is the most prominent result, as it is in this case. Note that we return different types of addresses, from the most specific street address to less specific political entities such as neighborhoods, cities, counties, states, etc. If you want to match a more general address, you may want to inspect the results[].types field.

Note: Reverse geocoding is not an exact science. The geocoder will attempt to find the closest addressable location within a certain tolerance.

Supply a placeId to find the address for a given place ID. The place ID is a unique identifier that can be used with other Google APIs. For example, you can supply the placeId returned by the Roads API to get the address for a snapped point. For more information about place IDs, see the place ID overview.

When you supply a placeId, the request cannot contain any of the following fields:

• address
• latLng
• location
• componentRestrictions

The following example accepts a place ID, finds the corresponding address, and centers the map at that location. It also brings up an info window showing the formatted address of the relevant place:

// Initialize the map.
function initMap(): void {
  const map = new google.maps.Map(
    document.getElementById("map") as HTMLElement,
    {
      zoom: 8,
      center: { lat: 40.72, lng: -73.96 },
    }
  );
  const geocoder = new google.maps.Geocoder();
  const infowindow = new google.maps.InfoWindow();

  (document.getElementById("submit") as HTMLElement).addEventListener(
    "click",
    () => {
      geocodePlaceId(geocoder, map, infowindow);
    }
  );
}

// This function is called when the user clicks the UI button requesting
// a geocode of a place ID.
function geocodePlaceId(
  geocoder: google.maps.Geocoder,
  map: google.maps.Map,
  infowindow: google.maps.InfoWindow
) {
  const placeId = (document.getElementById("place-id") as HTMLInputElement)
    .value;

  geocoder
    .geocode({ placeId: placeId })
    .then(({ results }) => {
      if (results[0]) {
        map.setZoom(11);
        map.setCenter(results[0].geometry.location);

        const marker = new google.maps.Marker({
          map,
          position: results[0].geometry.location,
        });

        infowindow.setContent(results[0].formatted_address);
        infowindow.open(map, marker);
      } else {
        window.alert("No results found");
      }
    })
    .catch((e) => window.alert("Geocoder failed due to: " + e));
}

declare global {
  interface Window {
    initMap: () => void;
  }
}
window.initMap = initMap;

// Initialize the map.
function initMap() {
  const map = new google.maps.Map(document.getElementById("map"), {
    zoom: 8,
    center: { lat: 40.72, lng: -73.96 },
  });
  const geocoder = new google.maps.Geocoder();
  const infowindow = new google.maps.InfoWindow();

  document.getElementById("submit").addEventListener("click", () => {
    geocodePlaceId(geocoder, map, infowindow);
  });
}

// This function is called when the user clicks the UI button requesting
// a geocode of a place ID.
function geocodePlaceId(geocoder, map, infowindow) {
  const placeId = document.getElementById("place-id").value;

  geocoder
    .geocode({ placeId: placeId })
    .then(({ results }) => {
      if (results[0]) {
        map.setZoom(11);
        map.setCenter(results[0].geometry.location);

        const marker = new google.maps.Marker({
          map,
          position: results[0].geometry.location,
        });

        infowindow.setContent(results[0].formatted_address);
        infowindow.open(map, marker);
      } else {
        window.alert("No results found");
      }
    })
    .catch((e) => window.alert("Geocoder failed due to: " + e));
}

window.initMap = initMap;

Except as otherwise noted, the content of this page is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License, and code samples are licensed under the Apache 2.0 License. For details, see the Google Developers Site Policies. Java is a registered trademark of Oracle and/or its affiliates.

Last updated 2025-07-02 UTC.

[[["Easy to understand","easyToUnderstand","thumb-up"],["Solved my problem","solvedMyProblem","thumb-up"],["Other","otherUp","thumb-up"]],[["Missing the information I need","missingTheInformationINeed","thumb-down"],["Too complicated / too many steps","tooComplicatedTooManySteps","thumb-down"],["Out of date","outOfDate","thumb-down"],["Samples / code issue","samplesCodeIssue","thumb-down"],["Other","otherDown","thumb-down"]],["Last updated 2025-07-02 UTC."],[[["Google Maps Geocoding API enables converting addresses to coordinates (geocoding) and coordinates to addresses (reverse geocoding)."],["Geocoding requests are asynchronous and require enabling the Geocoding API in Google Cloud Console."],["Usage is based on a pay-as-you-go model, and detailed pricing and policies are available in provided links."],["Responses include address types, components, and status codes to interpret results."],["Address descriptors provide additional context using landmarks and surrounding areas, enhancing location understanding."]]],[]]

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