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Expiration | Keyhole Markup Language

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By default, data is loaded only once by Links into Google Earth. To prevent KML data from becoming stale, you can specify a refreshMode of onExpire for any data loaded by an <href> element (in a Link or Icon element). By default, HTTP expiration headers specify the expiration time. You can also now specify an expires time in a KML NetworkLinkControl. The time is expressed as an XML dateTime (see XML Schema Part 2: Datatypes Second Edition). If both HTTP headers and KML expiration times are specified, the KML expiration time takes precedence.

This example is for illustration only. It shows a GroundOverlay with an Icon that sets a refreshMode of onExpire. Since no KML expiration time is set, this example uses the HTTP server expiration time.

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<kml xmlns="http://www.opengis.net/kml/2.2">
<Document>
  <name>refreshMode onExpire</name>
  <Snippet maxLines="10">
    Image automatically reloads according to http
    server expiration.
  </Snippet>
  <GroundOverlay>
    <Icon>
      <href>http://www.someserver.com/image.jpeg</href>
      <refreshMode>onExpire</refreshMode>
    </Icon>
    <LatLonBox>
      <!-- from edit session in earth -->
      <!-- The roof of a building in the Presidio -->
      <north>37.80385180177469</north>
      <east>-122.4558710620651</east>
      <south>37.80337403503347</south>
      <west>-122.4564295653771</west>
    </LatLonBox>
  </GroundOverlay>
</Document>
</kml>

The following example delivers a Placemark at randomly selected coordinates. This example includes a Link with a refreshMode of onExpire. In this case, the expiration date/time is specified (in a Python script) using the new KML <expires> element. This KML expiration time takes precedence over any time that may have been specified in the HTTP headers.

Here is the KML NetworkLink containing the Link with the <href> and <refreshMode> elements:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<kml xmlns="http://www.opengis.net/kml/2.2">
<Document>
  <NetworkLink>
    <Link>
      <href>http://dev.someserver.com/cgi-bin/expires.py</href>
      <refreshMode>onExpire</refreshMode>
    </Link>
  </NetworkLink>
</Document>
</kml>

This is the Python script that sets an expires time of [now + 11 seconds] and refreshes the Placemark's coordinates:

#!/usr/bin/python

import random
import time

lat = random.random() * 180. - 90.
lon = random.random() * 360. - 180.

now = time.time()
future = time.gmtime(now + 11)
y = future[0]
mo = future[1]
d = future[2]
h = future[3]
mi = future[4]
s = future[5]
iso8601 = '%04d-%02d-%02dT%02d:%02d:%02dZ' % (y,mo,d,h,mi,s)

print 'Content-type: application/vnd.google-earth.kml+xml'
print

print '<?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"UTF-8\"?>'
print '<kml xmlns=\"http://www.opengis.net/kml/2.2\">'

# must be child of <kml>
print '<NetworkLinkControl>'
print '<expires>%s</expires>' % iso8601
print '</NetworkLinkControl>'

print '<Placemark>'
print '<name>placemark expires %s</name>' % iso8601
print '<Point>'
print '<coordinates>%f,%f,0</coordinates>' % (lon,lat)
print '</Point>'
print '</Placemark>'

print '</kml>'

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Except as otherwise noted, the content of this page is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License, and code samples are licensed under the Apache 2.0 License. For details, see the Google Developers Site Policies. Java is a registered trademark of Oracle and/or its affiliates.

Last updated 2023-11-03 UTC.

[[["Easy to understand","easyToUnderstand","thumb-up"],["Solved my problem","solvedMyProblem","thumb-up"],["Other","otherUp","thumb-up"]],[["Missing the information I need","missingTheInformationINeed","thumb-down"],["Too complicated / too many steps","tooComplicatedTooManySteps","thumb-down"],["Out of date","outOfDate","thumb-down"],["Samples / code issue","samplesCodeIssue","thumb-down"],["Other","otherDown","thumb-down"]],["Last updated 2023-11-03 UTC."],[[["By default, Google Earth loads data only once, but you can refresh KML data using the `refreshMode` tag set to `onExpire`."],["Expiration times can be set using HTTP headers or the KML `\u003cexpires\u003e` element within a `\u003cNetworkLinkControl\u003e`, with the KML element taking precedence."],["The `\u003cexpires\u003e` element utilizes the XML dateTime format to specify the refresh time."],["Two examples demonstrate refreshing data based on HTTP server expiration and a specific KML-defined expiration time, respectively, using `\u003chref\u003e` and `\u003crefreshMode\u003e` within a `\u003cLink\u003e` element."]]],[]]

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