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An element representing a rich text region. All text in a Document is contained within Text elements. A Text element can be contained within an Equation, EquationFunction, ListItem, or Paragraph, but cannot itself contain any other element. For more information on document structure, see the guide to extending Google Docs.

// Gets the body contents of the active tab.
const body =
    DocumentApp.getActiveDocument().getActiveTab().asDocumentTab().getBody();

// Use editAsText to obtain a single text element containing
// all the characters in the tab.
const text = body.editAsText();

// Insert text at the beginning of the tab.
text.insertText(0, 'Inserted text.\n');

// Insert text at the end of the tab.
text.appendText('\nAppended text.');

// Make the first half of the tab blue.
text.setForegroundColor(0, text.getText().length / 2, '#00FFFF');

Adds the specified text to the end of this text region.

// Opens the Docs file by its URL. If you created your script from within a
// Google Docs file, you can use DocumentApp.getActiveDocument() instead.
// TODO(developer): Replace the URL with your own.
const doc = DocumentApp.openByUrl(
    'https://docs.google.com/document/d/DOCUMENT_ID/edit',
);

// Gets the body contents of the tab by its ID.
// TODO(developer): Replace the ID with your own.
const body = doc.getTab('123abc').asDocumentTab().getBody();

// Adds the text, 'Sample body text,' to the end of the tab body.
const text = body.editAsText().appendText('Sample body text');

Text — The current element.

Scripts that use this method require authorization with one or more of the following scopes:

• https://www.googleapis.com/auth/documents.currentonly
• https://www.googleapis.com/auth/documents

Returns a detached, deep copy of the current element.

Any child elements present in the element are also copied. The new element doesn't have a parent.

Text — The new copy.

Scripts that use this method require authorization with one or more of the following scopes:

• https://www.googleapis.com/auth/documents.currentonly
• https://www.googleapis.com/auth/documents

Deletes a range of text.

// Opens the Docs file by its URL. If you created your script from within a
// Google Docs file, you can use DocumentApp.getActiveDocument() instead.
// TODO(developer): Replace the URL with your own.
const doc = DocumentApp.openByUrl(
    'https://docs.google.com/document/d/DOCUMENT_ID/edit',
);

// Gets the body contents of the tab by its ID.
// TODO(developer): Replace the ID with your own.
const body = doc.getTab('123abc').asDocumentTab().getBody();

// Deletes the first 10 characters in the body.
const text = body.editAsText().deleteText(0, 9);

Text — The current element.

Scripts that use this method require authorization with one or more of the following scopes:

• https://www.googleapis.com/auth/documents.currentonly
• https://www.googleapis.com/auth/documents

Obtains a Text version of the current element, for editing.

Use editAsText for manipulating the elements contents as rich text. The editAsText mode ignores non-text elements (such as InlineImage and HorizontalRule).

Child elements fully contained within a deleted text range are removed from the element.

const body =
    DocumentApp.getActiveDocument().getActiveTab().asDocumentTab().getBody();

// Insert two paragraphs separated by a paragraph containing an
// horizontal rule.
body.insertParagraph(0, 'An editAsText sample.');
body.insertHorizontalRule(0);
body.insertParagraph(0, 'An example.');

// Delete " sample.\n\n An" removing the horizontal rule in the process.
body.editAsText().deleteText(14, 25);

Text — a text version of the current element

Searches the contents of the element for the specified text pattern using regular expressions.

A subset of the JavaScript regular expression features are not fully supported, such as capture groups and mode modifiers.

The provided regular expression pattern is independently matched against each text block contained in the current element.

RangeElement — a search result indicating the position of the search text, or null if there is no match

Scripts that use this method require authorization with one or more of the following scopes:

• https://www.googleapis.com/auth/documents.currentonly
• https://www.googleapis.com/auth/documents

Searches the contents of the element for the specified text pattern, starting from a given search result.

A subset of the JavaScript regular expression features are not fully supported, such as capture groups and mode modifiers.

The provided regular expression pattern is independently matched against each text block contained in the current element.

RangeElement — a search result indicating the next position of the search text, or null if there is no match

Scripts that use this method require authorization with one or more of the following scopes:

• https://www.googleapis.com/auth/documents.currentonly
• https://www.googleapis.com/auth/documents

Retrieves the element's attributes.

The result is an object containing a property for each valid element attribute where each property name corresponds to an item in the DocumentApp.Attribute enumeration.

const doc = DocumentApp.getActiveDocument();
const documentTab = doc.getActiveTab().asDocumentTab();
const body = documentTab.getBody();

// Append a styled paragraph.
const par = body.appendParagraph('A bold, italicized paragraph.');
par.setBold(true);
par.setItalic(true);

// Retrieve the paragraph's attributes.
const atts = par.getAttributes();

// Log the paragraph attributes.
for (const att in atts) {
  Logger.log(`${att}:${atts[att]}`);
}

Object — The element's attributes.

Scripts that use this method require authorization with one or more of the following scopes:

• https://www.googleapis.com/auth/documents.currentonly
• https://www.googleapis.com/auth/documents

Retrieves the attributes at the specified character offset.

The result is an object containing a property for each valid text attribute where each property name corresponds to an item in the DocumentApp.Attribute enumeration.

// Opens the Docs file by its URL. If you created your script from within a
// Google Docs file, you can use DocumentApp.getActiveDocument() instead.
// TODO(developer): Replace the URL with your own.
const doc = DocumentApp.openByUrl(
    'https://docs.google.com/document/d/DOCUMENT_ID/edit',
);

// Gets the body contents of the tab by its ID.
// TODO(developer): Replace the ID with your own.
const body = doc.getTab('123abc').asDocumentTab().getBody();

// Declares style attributes.
const style = {};
style[DocumentApp.Attribute.BOLD] = true;
style[DocumentApp.Attribute.ITALIC] = true;
style[DocumentApp.Attribute.FONT_SIZE] = 29;

// Sets the style attributes to the tab's body.
const text = body.editAsText();
text.setAttributes(style);

// Gets the style attributes applied to the eleventh character in the
// body and logs them to the console.
const attributes = text.getAttributes(10);
console.log(attributes);

Object — The element's attributes.

Scripts that use this method require authorization with one or more of the following scopes:

• https://www.googleapis.com/auth/documents.currentonly
• https://www.googleapis.com/auth/documents

Retrieves the background color setting.

String — the background color, formatted in CSS notation (like '#ffffff'), or null if the element contains multiple values for this attribute

Scripts that use this method require authorization with one or more of the following scopes:

• https://www.googleapis.com/auth/documents.currentonly
• https://www.googleapis.com/auth/documents

Retrieves the background color at the specified character offset.

// Opens the Docs file by its URL. If you created your script from within a
// Google Docs file, you can use DocumentApp.getActiveDocument() instead.
// TODO(developer): Replace the URL with your own.
const doc = DocumentApp.openByUrl(
    'https://docs.google.com/document/d/DOCUMENT_ID',
);

// Gets the body contents of the tab by its ID.
// TODO(developer): Replace the ID with your own.
const body = doc.getTab('123abc').asDocumentTab().getBody();

// Sets the background color of the first 3 characters in the body.
const text = body.editAsText().setBackgroundColor(0, 2, '#FFC0CB');

// Gets the background color of the first character in the body.
const backgroundColor = text.getBackgroundColor(0);

// Logs the background color to the console.
console.log(backgroundColor);

String — The background color, formatted in CSS notation (like '#ffffff').

Scripts that use this method require authorization with one or more of the following scopes:

• https://www.googleapis.com/auth/documents.currentonly
• https://www.googleapis.com/auth/documents

Retrieves the font family setting. The name can be any font from the Font menu in Docs or Google Fonts, and is case-sensitive. The methods getFontFamily() and setFontFamily(fontFamilyName) now use string names for fonts instead of the FontFamily enum. Although this enum is deprecated, it will remain available for compatibility with older scripts.

String — the font family, or null if the element contains multiple values for this attribute

Scripts that use this method require authorization with one or more of the following scopes:

• https://www.googleapis.com/auth/documents.currentonly
• https://www.googleapis.com/auth/documents

Retrieves the font family at the specified character offset. The name can be any font from the Font menu in Docs or Google Fonts, and is case-sensitive. The methods getFontFamily() and setFontFamily(fontFamilyName) now use string names for fonts instead of the FontFamily enum. Although this enum is deprecated, it will remain available for compatibility with older scripts.

// Opens the Docs file by its URL. If you created your script from within a
// Google Docs file, you can use DocumentApp.getActiveDocument() instead.
// TODO(developer): Replace the URL with your own.
const doc = DocumentApp.openByUrl(
    'https://docs.google.com/document/d/DOCUMENT_ID/edit',
);

// Gets the body contents of the tab by its ID.
// TODO(developer): Replace the ID with your own.
const body = doc.getTab('123abc').asDocumentTab().getBody();

// Sets the font of the first 16 characters to Impact.
const text = body.editAsText().setFontFamily(0, 15, 'Impact');

// Gets the font family of the 16th character in the tab body.
const fontFamily = text.getFontFamily(15);

// Logs the font family to the console.
console.log(fontFamily);

String — The font family.

Scripts that use this method require authorization with one or more of the following scopes:

• https://www.googleapis.com/auth/documents.currentonly
• https://www.googleapis.com/auth/documents

Retrieves the font size setting.

Number — the font size, or null if the element contains multiple values for this attribute

Scripts that use this method require authorization with one or more of the following scopes:

• https://www.googleapis.com/auth/documents.currentonly
• https://www.googleapis.com/auth/documents

Retrieves the font size at the specified character offset.

// Opens the Docs file by its URL. If you created your script from within a
// Google Docs file, you can use DocumentApp.getActiveDocument() instead.
// TODO(developer): Replace the URL with your own.
const doc = DocumentApp.openByUrl(
    'https://docs.google.com/document/d/DOCUMENT_ID/edit',
);

// Gets the body contents of the tab by its ID.
// TODO(developer): Replace the ID with your own.
const body = doc.getTab('123abc').asDocumentTab().getBody();

// Sets the font size of the first 13 characters to 15.
const text = body.editAsText().setFontSize(0, 12, 15);

// Gets the font size of the first character.
const fontSize = text.getFontSize(0);

// Logs the font size to the console.
console.log(fontSize);

Number — The font size.

Scripts that use this method require authorization with one or more of the following scopes:

• https://www.googleapis.com/auth/documents.currentonly
• https://www.googleapis.com/auth/documents

Retrieves the foreground color setting.

String — the foreground color, formatted in CSS notation (like '#ffffff'), or null if the element contains multiple values for this attribute

Scripts that use this method require authorization with one or more of the following scopes:

• https://www.googleapis.com/auth/documents.currentonly
• https://www.googleapis.com/auth/documents

Retrieves the foreground color at the specified character offset.

// Opens the Docs file by its URL. If you created your script from within a
// Google Docs file, you can use DocumentApp.getActiveDocument() instead.
// TODO(developer): Replace the URL with your own.
const doc = DocumentApp.openByUrl(
    'https://docs.google.com/document/d/DOCUMENT_ID/edit',
);

// Gets the body contents of the tab by its ID.
// TODO(developer): Replace the ID with your own.
const body = doc.getTab('123abc').asDocumentTab().getBody();

// Sets the foreground color of the first 3 characters in the tab body.
const text = body.editAsText().setForegroundColor(0, 2, '#0000FF');

// Gets the foreground color of the first character in the tab body.
const foregroundColor = text.getForegroundColor(0);

// Logs the foreground color to the console.
console.log(foregroundColor);

String — The foreground color, formatted in CSS notation (like '#ffffff').

Scripts that use this method require authorization with one or more of the following scopes:

• https://www.googleapis.com/auth/documents.currentonly
• https://www.googleapis.com/auth/documents

Retrieves the link url.

String — the link url, or null if the element contains multiple values for this attribute

Scripts that use this method require authorization with one or more of the following scopes:

• https://www.googleapis.com/auth/documents.currentonly
• https://www.googleapis.com/auth/documents

Retrieves the link URL at the specified character offset.

// Opens the Docs file by its URL. If you created your script from within a
// Google Docs file, you can use DocumentApp.getActiveDocument() instead.
// TODO(developer): Replace the URL with your own.
const doc = DocumentApp.openByUrl(
    'https://docs.google.com/document/d/DOCUMENT_ID/edit',
);

// Gets the body contents of the tab by its ID.
// TODO(developer): Replace the ID with your own.
const body = doc.getTab('123abc').asDocumentTab().getBody();

// Applies a link to the first 10 characters in the body.
const text = body.editAsText().setLinkUrl(0, 9, 'https://www.example.com/');

// Gets the URL of the link from the first character.
const link = text.getLinkUrl(0);

// Logs the link URL to the console.
console.log(link);

String — The link URL.

Scripts that use this method require authorization with one or more of the following scopes:

• https://www.googleapis.com/auth/documents.currentonly
• https://www.googleapis.com/auth/documents

Retrieves the element's next sibling element.

The next sibling has the same parent and follows the current element.

Element — The next sibling element.

Scripts that use this method require authorization with one or more of the following scopes:

• https://www.googleapis.com/auth/documents.currentonly
• https://www.googleapis.com/auth/documents

Retrieves the element's parent element.

The parent element contains the current element.

ContainerElement — The parent element.

Scripts that use this method require authorization with one or more of the following scopes:

• https://www.googleapis.com/auth/documents.currentonly
• https://www.googleapis.com/auth/documents

Retrieves the element's previous sibling element.

The previous sibling has the same parent and precedes the current element.

Element — The previous sibling element.

Scripts that use this method require authorization with one or more of the following scopes:

• https://www.googleapis.com/auth/documents.currentonly
• https://www.googleapis.com/auth/documents

Retrieves the contents of the element as a text string.

String — the contents of the element as text string

Scripts that use this method require authorization with one or more of the following scopes:

• https://www.googleapis.com/auth/documents.currentonly
• https://www.googleapis.com/auth/documents

Gets the text alignment. The available types of alignment are DocumentApp.TextAlignment.NORMAL, DocumentApp.TextAlignment.SUBSCRIPT, and DocumentApp.TextAlignment.SUPERSCRIPT.

TextAlignment — the type of text alignment, or null if the text contains multiple types of text alignments or if the text alignment has never been set

Scripts that use this method require authorization with one or more of the following scopes:

• https://www.googleapis.com/auth/documents.currentonly
• https://www.googleapis.com/auth/documents

Gets the text alignment for a single character. The available types of alignment are DocumentApp.TextAlignment.NORMAL, DocumentApp.TextAlignment.SUBSCRIPT, and DocumentApp.TextAlignment.SUPERSCRIPT.

// Opens the Docs file by its URL. If you created your script from within a
// Google Docs file, you can use DocumentApp.getActiveDocument() instead.
// TODO(developer): Replace the URL with your own.
const doc = DocumentApp.openByUrl(
    'https://docs.google.com/document/d/DOCUMENT_ID/edit',
);

// Gets the body contents of the tab by its ID.
// TODO(developer): Replace the ID with your own.
const body = doc.getTab('123abc').asDocumentTab().getBody();

// Sets the text alignment of the tab's body to NORMAL.
const text =
    body.editAsText().setTextAlignment(DocumentApp.TextAlignment.NORMAL);

// Gets the text alignment of the ninth character.
const alignment = text.getTextAlignment(8);

// Logs the text alignment to the console.
console.log(alignment.toString());

TextAlignment — The type of text alignment, or null if the text alignment has never been set.

Scripts that use this method require authorization with one or more of the following scopes:

• https://www.googleapis.com/auth/documents.currentonly
• https://www.googleapis.com/auth/documents

Retrieves the set of text indices that correspond to the start of distinct text formatting runs.

// Opens the Docs file by its URL. If you created your script from within a
// Google Docs file, you can use DocumentApp.getActiveDocument() instead.
// TODO(developer): Replace the URL with your own.
const doc = DocumentApp.openByUrl(
    'https://docs.google.com/document/d/DOCUMENT_ID/edit',
);

// Gets the body contents of the tab by its ID.
// TODO(developer): Replace the ID with your own.
const body = doc.getTab('123abc').asDocumentTab().getBody();

// Gets the text indices at which text formatting changes.
const indices = body.editAsText().getTextAttributeIndices();

// Logs the indices to the console.
console.log(indices.toString());

Integer[] — The set of text indices at which text formatting changes.

Scripts that use this method require authorization with one or more of the following scopes:

• https://www.googleapis.com/auth/documents.currentonly
• https://www.googleapis.com/auth/documents

Retrieves the element's ElementType.

Use getType() to determine the exact type of a given element.

const doc = DocumentApp.getActiveDocument();
const documentTab = doc.getActiveTab().asDocumentTab();
const body = documentTab.getBody();

// Obtain the first element in the active tab's body.

const firstChild = body.getChild(0);

// Use getType() to determine the element's type.
if (firstChild.getType() === DocumentApp.ElementType.PARAGRAPH) {
  Logger.log('The first element is a paragraph.');
} else {
  Logger.log('The first element is not a paragraph.');
}

ElementType — The element type.

Scripts that use this method require authorization with one or more of the following scopes:

• https://www.googleapis.com/auth/documents.currentonly
• https://www.googleapis.com/auth/documents

Inserts the specified text at the given character offset.

// Opens the Docs file by its URL. If you created your script from within a
// Google Docs file, you can use DocumentApp.getActiveDocument() instead.
// TODO(developer): Replace the URL with your own.
const doc = DocumentApp.openByUrl(
    'https://docs.google.com/document/d/DOCUMENT_ID/edit',
);

// Gets the body contents of the tab by its ID.
// TODO(developer): Replace the ID with your own.
const body = doc.getTab('123abc').asDocumentTab().getBody();

// Inserts the text, 'Sample inserted text', at the start of the body content.
const text = body.editAsText().insertText(0, 'Sample inserted text');

Text — The current element.

Scripts that use this method require authorization with one or more of the following scopes:

• https://www.googleapis.com/auth/documents.currentonly
• https://www.googleapis.com/auth/documents

Determines whether the element is at the end of the Document.

Boolean — Whether the element is at the end of the tab.

Scripts that use this method require authorization with one or more of the following scopes:

• https://www.googleapis.com/auth/documents.currentonly
• https://www.googleapis.com/auth/documents

Retrieves the bold setting.

Boolean — whether the text is bold, or null if the element contains multiple values for this attribute

Scripts that use this method require authorization with one or more of the following scopes:

• https://www.googleapis.com/auth/documents.currentonly
• https://www.googleapis.com/auth/documents

Retrieves the bold setting at the specified character offset.

// Opens the Docs file by its URL. If you created your script from within a
// Google Docs file, you can use DocumentApp.getActiveDocument() instead.
// TODO(developer): Replace the URL with your own.
const doc = DocumentApp.openByUrl(
    'https://docs.google.com/document/d/DOCUMENT_ID/edit',
);

// Gets the body contents of the tab by its ID.
// TODO(developer): Replace the ID with your own.
const body = doc.getTab('123abc').asDocumentTab().getBody();

// Bolds the first 4 characters in the tab body.
const text = body.editAsText().setBold(0, 3, true);

// Gets whether or not the text is bold.
const bold = text.editAsText().isBold(0);

// Logs the text's bold setting to the console
console.log(bold);

Boolean — The bold setting.

Scripts that use this method require authorization with one or more of the following scopes:

• https://www.googleapis.com/auth/documents.currentonly
• https://www.googleapis.com/auth/documents

Retrieves the italic setting.

Boolean — whether the text is italic, or null if the element contains multiple values for this attribute

Scripts that use this method require authorization with one or more of the following scopes:

• https://www.googleapis.com/auth/documents.currentonly
• https://www.googleapis.com/auth/documents

Retrieves the italic setting at the specified character offset.

// Opens the Docs file by its URL. If you created your script from within a
// Google Docs file, you can use DocumentApp.getActiveDocument() instead.
// TODO(developer): Replace the URL with your own.
const doc = DocumentApp.openByUrl(
    'https://docs.google.com/document/d/DOCUMENT_ID/edit',
);

// Gets the body contents of the tab by its ID.
// TODO(developer): Replace the ID with your own.
const body = doc.getTab('123abc').asDocumentTab().getBody();

// Sets the first 13 characters of the tab body to italic.
const text = body.editAsText().setItalic(0, 12, true);

// Gets whether the fifth character in the tab body is set to
// italic and logs it to the console.
const italic = text.isItalic(4);
console.log(italic);

Boolean — The italic setting.

Scripts that use this method require authorization with one or more of the following scopes:

• https://www.googleapis.com/auth/documents.currentonly
• https://www.googleapis.com/auth/documents

Retrieves the strikethrough setting.

Boolean — whether the text is strikethrough, or null if the element contains multiple values for this attribute

Scripts that use this method require authorization with one or more of the following scopes:

• https://www.googleapis.com/auth/documents.currentonly
• https://www.googleapis.com/auth/documents

Retrieves the strikethrough setting at the specified character offset.

// Opens the Docs file by its URL. If you created your script from within a
// Google Docs file, you can use DocumentApp.getActiveDocument() instead.
// TODO(developer): Replace the URL with your own.
const doc = DocumentApp.openByUrl(
    'https://docs.google.com/document/d/DOCUMENT_ID/edit',
);

// Gets the body contents of the tab by its ID.
// TODO(developer): Replace the ID with your own.
const body = doc.getTab('123abc').asDocumentTab().getBody();

// Sets the first 17 characters of the tab body to strikethrough.
const text = body.editAsText().setStrikethrough(0, 16, true);

// Gets whether the first character in the tab body is set to
// strikethrough and logs it to the console.
const strikethrough = text.isStrikethrough(0);
console.log(strikethrough);

Boolean — The strikethrough setting.

Scripts that use this method require authorization with one or more of the following scopes:

• https://www.googleapis.com/auth/documents.currentonly
• https://www.googleapis.com/auth/documents

Retrieves the underline setting.

Boolean — whether the text is underlined, or null if the element contains multiple values for this attribute

Scripts that use this method require authorization with one or more of the following scopes:

• https://www.googleapis.com/auth/documents.currentonly
• https://www.googleapis.com/auth/documents

Retrieves the underline setting at the specified character offset.

// Opens the Docs file by its URL. If you created your script from within a
// Google Docs file, you can use DocumentApp.getActiveDocument() instead.
// TODO(developer): Replace the URL with your own.
const doc = DocumentApp.openByUrl(
    'https://docs.google.com/document/d/DOCUMENT_ID/edit',
);

// Gets the body contents of the tab by its ID.
// TODO(developer): Replace the ID with your own.
const body = doc.getTab('123abc').asDocumentTab().getBody();

// Sets the first 13 characters of the tab body to underline.
const text = body.editAsText().setUnderline(0, 12, false);

// Gets whether the first character in the tab body is set to
// underline and logs it to the console
const underline = text.editAsText().isUnderline(0);
console.log(underline);

Boolean — The underline setting.

Scripts that use this method require authorization with one or more of the following scopes:

• https://www.googleapis.com/auth/documents.currentonly
• https://www.googleapis.com/auth/documents

Merges the element with the preceding sibling of the same type.

Only elements of the same ElementType can be merged. Any child elements contained in the current element are moved to the preceding sibling element.

The current element is removed from the document.

const doc = DocumentApp.getActiveDocument();
const documentTab = doc.getActiveTab().asDocumentTab();
const body = documentTab.getBody();

// Example 1: Merge paragraphs
// Append two paragraphs to the document's active tab.
const par1 = body.appendParagraph('Paragraph 1.');
const par2 = body.appendParagraph('Paragraph 2.');
// Merge the newly added paragraphs into a single paragraph.
par2.merge();

// Example 2: Merge table cells
// Create a two-dimensional array containing the table's cell contents.
const cells = [
  ['Row 1, Cell 1', 'Row 1, Cell 2'],
  ['Row 2, Cell 1', 'Row 2, Cell 2'],
];
// Build a table from the array.
const table = body.appendTable(cells);
// Get the first row in the table.
const row = table.getRow(0);
// Get the two cells in this row.
const cell1 = row.getCell(0);
const cell2 = row.getCell(1);
// Merge the current cell into its preceding sibling element.
const merged = cell2.merge();

Text — The merged element.

Scripts that use this method require authorization with one or more of the following scopes:

• https://www.googleapis.com/auth/documents.currentonly
• https://www.googleapis.com/auth/documents

Removes the element from its parent.

const doc = DocumentApp.getActiveDocument();
const documentTab = doc.getActiveTab().asDocumentTab();
const body = documentTab.getBody();

// Remove all images in the active tab's body.
const imgs = body.getImages();
for (let i = 0; i < imgs.length; i++) {
  imgs[i].removeFromParent();
}

Text — The removed element.

Scripts that use this method require authorization with one or more of the following scopes:

• https://www.googleapis.com/auth/documents.currentonly
• https://www.googleapis.com/auth/documents

Replaces all occurrences of a given text pattern with a given replacement string, using regular expressions.

The search pattern is passed as a string, not a JavaScript regular expression object. Because of this you'll need to escape any backslashes in the pattern.

This methods uses Google's RE2 regular expression library, which limits the supported syntax.

The provided regular expression pattern is independently matched against each text block contained in the current element.

const body =
    DocumentApp.getActiveDocument().getActiveTab().asDocumentTab().getBody();

// Clear the text surrounding "Apps Script", with or without text.
body.replaceText('^.*Apps ?Script.*$', 'Apps Script');

Element — the current element

Scripts that use this method require authorization with one or more of the following scopes:

• https://www.googleapis.com/auth/documents.currentonly
• https://www.googleapis.com/auth/documents

Applies the specified attributes to the given character range.

The specified attributes parameter must be an object where each property name is an item in the DocumentApp.Attribute enumeration and each property value is the new value to be applied.

// Opens the Docs file by its URL. If you created your script from within a
// Google Docs file, you can use DocumentApp.getActiveDocument() instead.
// TODO(developer): Replace the URL with your own.
const doc = DocumentApp.openByUrl(
    'https://docs.google.com/document/d/DOCUMENT_ID/edit',
);

// Gets the body contents of the tab by its ID.
// TODO(developer): Replace the ID with your own.
const body = doc.getTab('123abc').asDocumentTab().getBody();

// Declares style attributes for font size and font family.
const style = {};
style[DocumentApp.Attribute.FONT_SIZE] = 20;
style[DocumentApp.Attribute.FONT_FAMILY] = 'Impact';

// Sets the style attributes to the first 9 characters in the tab's body.
const text = body.setAttributes(0, 8, style);

Text — The current element.

Scripts that use this method require authorization with one or more of the following scopes:

• https://www.googleapis.com/auth/documents.currentonly
• https://www.googleapis.com/auth/documents

Sets the element's attributes.

The specified attributes parameter must be an object where each property name is an item in the DocumentApp.Attribute enumeration and each property value is the new value to be applied.

const doc = DocumentApp.getActiveDocument();
const documentTab = doc.getActiveTab().asDocumentTab();
const body = documentTab.getBody();

// Define a custom paragraph style.
const style = {};
style[DocumentApp.Attribute.HORIZONTAL_ALIGNMENT] =
    DocumentApp.HorizontalAlignment.RIGHT;
style[DocumentApp.Attribute.FONT_FAMILY] = 'Calibri';
style[DocumentApp.Attribute.FONT_SIZE] = 18;
style[DocumentApp.Attribute.BOLD] = true;

// Append a plain paragraph.
const par = body.appendParagraph('A paragraph with custom style.');

// Apply the custom style.
par.setAttributes(style);

Text — The current element.

Scripts that use this method require authorization with one or more of the following scopes:

• https://www.googleapis.com/auth/documents.currentonly
• https://www.googleapis.com/auth/documents

Sets the background color for the specified character range.

// Opens the Docs file by its URL. If you created your script from within a
// Google Docs file, you can use DocumentApp.getActiveDocument() instead.
// TODO(developer): Replace the URL with your own.
const doc = DocumentApp.openByUrl(
    'https://docs.google.com/document/d/DOCUMENT_ID/edit',
);

// Gets the body contents of the tab by its ID.
// TODO(developer): Replace the ID with your own.
const body = doc.getTab('123abc').asDocumentTab().getBody();

// Sets the background color of the first 3 characters in the
// tab body to hex color #0000FF.
const text = body.editAsText().setBackgroundColor(0, 2, '#0000FF');

Text — The current element.

Scripts that use this method require authorization with one or more of the following scopes:

• https://www.googleapis.com/auth/documents.currentonly
• https://www.googleapis.com/auth/documents

Sets the background color.

Text — the current element

Scripts that use this method require authorization with one or more of the following scopes:

• https://www.googleapis.com/auth/documents.currentonly
• https://www.googleapis.com/auth/documents

Sets the bold setting.

Text — the current element

Scripts that use this method require authorization with one or more of the following scopes:

• https://www.googleapis.com/auth/documents.currentonly
• https://www.googleapis.com/auth/documents

Sets the bold setting for the specified character range.

// Opens the Docs file by its URL. If you created your script from within a
// Google Docs file, you can use DocumentApp.getActiveDocument() instead.
// TODO(developer): Replace the URL with your own.
const doc = DocumentApp.openByUrl(
    'https://docs.google.com/document/d/DOCUMENT_ID/edit',
);

// Gets the body contents of the tab by its ID.
// TODO(developer): Replace the ID with your own.
const body = doc.getTab('123abc').asDocumentTab().getBody();

// Sets the first 11 characters in the tab's body to bold.
const text = body.editAsText().setBold(0, 10, true);

Text — The current element.

Scripts that use this method require authorization with one or more of the following scopes:

• https://www.googleapis.com/auth/documents.currentonly
• https://www.googleapis.com/auth/documents

Sets the font family for the specified character range. The name can be any font from the Font menu in Docs or Google Fonts, and is case-sensitive. Unrecognized font names will render as Arial. The methods getFontFamily(offset) and setFontFamily(fontFamilyName) now use string names for fonts instead of the FontFamily enum. Although this enum is deprecated, it will remain available for compatibility with older scripts.

// Opens the Docs file by its URL. If you created your script from within a
// Google Docs file, you can use DocumentApp.getActiveDocument() instead.
// TODO(developer): Replace the URL with your own.
const doc = DocumentApp.openByUrl(
    'https://docs.google.com/document/d/DOCUMENT_ID/edit',
);

// Gets the body contents of the tab by its ID.
// TODO(developer): Replace the ID with your own.
const body = doc.getTab('123abc').asDocumentTab().getBody();

// Sets the font of the first 4 characters in the tab's body to Roboto.
const text = body.editAsText().setFontFamily(0, 3, 'Roboto');

Text — The current element.

Scripts that use this method require authorization with one or more of the following scopes:

• https://www.googleapis.com/auth/documents.currentonly
• https://www.googleapis.com/auth/documents

Sets the font family. The name can be any font from the Font menu in Docs or Google Fonts, and is case-sensitive. Unrecognized font names will render as Arial. The methods getFontFamily() and setFontFamily(fontFamilyName) now use string names for fonts instead of the FontFamily enum. Although this enum is deprecated, it will remain available for compatibility with older scripts.

Text — the current element

Scripts that use this method require authorization with one or more of the following scopes:

• https://www.googleapis.com/auth/documents.currentonly
• https://www.googleapis.com/auth/documents

Sets the font size for the specified character range.

// Opens the Docs file by its URL. If you created your script from within a
// Google Docs file, you can use DocumentApp.getActiveDocument() instead.
// TODO(developer): Replace the URL with your own.
const doc = DocumentApp.openByUrl(
    'https://docs.google.com/document/d/DOCUMENT_ID/edit',
);

// Gets the body contents of the tab by its ID.
// TODO(developer): Replace the ID with your own.
const body = doc.getTab('123abc').asDocumentTab().getBody();

// Sets the size of the first 11 characters in the tab's body to 12.
const text = body.editAsText().setFontSize(0, 10, 12);

Text — The current element.

Scripts that use this method require authorization with one or more of the following scopes:

• https://www.googleapis.com/auth/documents.currentonly
• https://www.googleapis.com/auth/documents

Sets the font size.

Text — the current element

Scripts that use this method require authorization with one or more of the following scopes:

• https://www.googleapis.com/auth/documents.currentonly
• https://www.googleapis.com/auth/documents

Sets the foreground color for the specified character range.

// Opens the Docs file by its URL. If you created your script from within a
// Google Docs file, you can use DocumentApp.getActiveDocument() instead.
// TODO(developer): Replace the URL with your own.
const doc = DocumentApp.openByUrl(
    'https://docs.google.com/document/d/DOCUMENT_ID/edit',
);

// Gets the body contents of the tab by its ID.
// TODO(developer): Replace the ID with your own.
const body = doc.getTab('123abc').asDocumentTab().getBody();

// Sets the foreground color of the first 2 characters in the
// tab's body to hex color #FF0000.
const text = body.editAsText().setForegroundColor(0, 1, '#FF0000');

// Gets the foreground color for the second character in the tab's body.
const foregroundColor = text.getForegroundColor(1);

//  Logs the foreground color to the console.
console.log(foregroundColor);

Text — The current element.

Scripts that use this method require authorization with one or more of the following scopes:

• https://www.googleapis.com/auth/documents.currentonly
• https://www.googleapis.com/auth/documents

Sets the foreground color.

Text — the current element

Scripts that use this method require authorization with one or more of the following scopes:

• https://www.googleapis.com/auth/documents.currentonly
• https://www.googleapis.com/auth/documents

Sets the italic setting.

Text — the current element

Scripts that use this method require authorization with one or more of the following scopes:

• https://www.googleapis.com/auth/documents.currentonly
• https://www.googleapis.com/auth/documents

Sets the italic setting for the specified character range.

// Opens the Docs file by its URL. If you created your script from within a
// Google Docs file, you can use DocumentApp.getActiveDocument() instead.
// TODO(developer): Replace the URL with your own.
const doc = DocumentApp.openByUrl(
    'https://docs.google.com/document/d/DOCUMENT_ID/edit',
);

// Gets the body contents of the tab by its ID.
// TODO(developer): Replace the ID with your own.
const body = doc.getTab('123abc').asDocumentTab().getBody();

// Sets the first 11 characters in the tab's body to italic.
const text = body.editAsText().setItalic(0, 10, true);

Text — The current element.

Scripts that use this method require authorization with one or more of the following scopes:

• https://www.googleapis.com/auth/documents.currentonly
• https://www.googleapis.com/auth/documents

Sets the link URL for the specified character range.

// Opens the Docs file by its URL. If you created your script from within a
// Google Docs file, you can use DocumentApp.getActiveDocument() instead.
// TODO(developer): Replace the URL with your own.
const doc = DocumentApp.openByUrl(
    'https://docs.google.com/document/d/DOCUMENT_ID/edit',
);

// Gets the body contents of the tab by its ID.
// TODO(developer): Replace the ID with your own.
const body = doc.getTab('123abc').asDocumentTab().getBody();

// Applies a link to the first 11 characters in the body.
const text = body.editAsText().setLinkUrl(0, 10, 'https://example.com');

Text — The current element.

Scripts that use this method require authorization with one or more of the following scopes:

• https://www.googleapis.com/auth/documents.currentonly
• https://www.googleapis.com/auth/documents

Sets the link url.

Text — the current element

Scripts that use this method require authorization with one or more of the following scopes:

• https://www.googleapis.com/auth/documents.currentonly
• https://www.googleapis.com/auth/documents

Sets the strikethrough setting.

Text — the current element

Scripts that use this method require authorization with one or more of the following scopes:

• https://www.googleapis.com/auth/documents.currentonly
• https://www.googleapis.com/auth/documents

Sets the strikethrough setting for the specified character range.

// Opens the Docs file by its URL. If you created your script from within a
// Google Docs file, you can use DocumentApp.getActiveDocument() instead.
// TODO(developer): Replace the URL with your own.
const doc = DocumentApp.openByUrl(
    'https://docs.google.com/document/d/DOCUMENT_ID/edit',
);

// Gets the body contents of the tab by its ID.
// TODO(developer): Replace the ID with your own.
const body = doc.getTab('123abc').asDocumentTab().getBody();

// Sets the first 11 characters in the tab's body to strikethrough.
const text = body.editAsText().setStrikethrough(0, 10, true);

Text — The current element.

Scripts that use this method require authorization with one or more of the following scopes:

• https://www.googleapis.com/auth/documents.currentonly
• https://www.googleapis.com/auth/documents

Sets the text contents.

// Opens the Docs file by its URL. If you created your script from within a
// Google Docs file, you can use DocumentApp.getActiveDocument() instead.
// TODO(developer): Replace the URL with your own.
const doc = DocumentApp.openByUrl(
    'https://docs.google.com/document/d/DOCUMENT_ID/edit',
);

// Gets the body contents of the tab by its ID.
// TODO(developer): Replace the ID with your own.
const body = doc.getTab('123abc').asDocumentTab().getBody();

// Replaces the contents of the body with the text, 'New body text.'
const text = body.editAsText().setText('New body text.');

Text — The current element.

Scripts that use this method require authorization with one or more of the following scopes:

• https://www.googleapis.com/auth/documents.currentonly
• https://www.googleapis.com/auth/documents

Sets the text alignment for a given character range. The available types of alignment are DocumentApp.TextAlignment.NORMAL, DocumentApp.TextAlignment.SUBSCRIPT, and DocumentApp.TextAlignment.SUPERSCRIPT.

// Make the first character in the first paragraph of the active tab be
// superscript.
const documentTab =
    DocumentApp.getActiveDocument().getActiveTab().asDocumentTab();
const text = documentTab.getBody().getParagraphs()[0].editAsText();
text.setTextAlignment(0, 0, DocumentApp.TextAlignment.SUPERSCRIPT);

Text — The current element.

Scripts that use this method require authorization with one or more of the following scopes:

• https://www.googleapis.com/auth/documents.currentonly
• https://www.googleapis.com/auth/documents

Sets the text alignment. The available types of alignment are DocumentApp.TextAlignment.NORMAL, DocumentApp.TextAlignment.SUBSCRIPT, and DocumentApp.TextAlignment.SUPERSCRIPT.

// Make the entire first paragraph in the active tab be superscript.
const documentTab =
    DocumentApp.getActiveDocument().getActiveTab().asDocumentTab();
const text = documentTab.getBody().getParagraphs()[0].editAsText();
text.setTextAlignment(DocumentApp.TextAlignment.SUPERSCRIPT);

Text — the current element

Scripts that use this method require authorization with one or more of the following scopes:

• https://www.googleapis.com/auth/documents.currentonly
• https://www.googleapis.com/auth/documents

Sets the underline setting.

Text — the current element

Scripts that use this method require authorization with one or more of the following scopes:

• https://www.googleapis.com/auth/documents.currentonly
• https://www.googleapis.com/auth/documents

Sets the underline setting for the specified character range.

// Opens the Docs file by its URL. If you created your script from within a
// Google Docs file, you can use DocumentApp.getActiveDocument() instead.
// TODO(developer): Replace the URL with your own.
const doc = DocumentApp.openByUrl(
    'https://docs.google.com/document/d/DOCUMENT_ID/edit',
);

// Gets the body contents of the tab by its ID.
// TODO(developer): Replace the ID with your own.
const body = doc.getTab('123abc').asDocumentTab().getBody();

// Sets the first 11 characters in the tab's body to underline.
const text = body.editAsText().setUnderline(0, 10, true);

Text — The current element.

Scripts that use this method require authorization with one or more of the following scopes:

• https://www.googleapis.com/auth/documents.currentonly
• https://www.googleapis.com/auth/documents

Except as otherwise noted, the content of this page is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License, and code samples are licensed under the Apache 2.0 License. For details, see the Google Developers Site Policies. Java is a registered trademark of Oracle and/or its affiliates.

Last updated 2024-12-03 UTC.

[[["Easy to understand","easyToUnderstand","thumb-up"],["Solved my problem","solvedMyProblem","thumb-up"],["Other","otherUp","thumb-up"]],[["Missing the information I need","missingTheInformationINeed","thumb-down"],["Too complicated / too many steps","tooComplicatedTooManySteps","thumb-down"],["Out of date","outOfDate","thumb-down"],["Samples / code issue","samplesCodeIssue","thumb-down"],["Other","otherDown","thumb-down"]],["Last updated 2024-12-03 UTC."],[[["The `Text` element in Google Apps Script represents rich text within a Google Doc and allows for content and style manipulation."],["Numerous methods are available to programmatically interact with text elements, such as inserting, appending, styling, and retrieving text content."],["These methods enable setting attributes like font family, size, color, bold, italic, underline, and more."],["Developers can use these methods to find specific text patterns, navigate document structure, and manage hyperlinks within text elements."],["Authorization with specific Google API scopes is often required to utilize these text manipulation methods."]]],[]]

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