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Dialogs and Sidebars in Google Workspace Documents | Apps Script

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Scripts that are bound to Google Docs, Sheets, or Forms can display several types of user-interface elements — prebuilt alerts and prompts, plus dialogs and sidebars that contain custom HTML service pages. Typically, these elements are opened from menu items. (Note that in Google Forms, user-interface elements are visible only to an editor who opens the form to modify it, not to a user who opens the form to respond.)

An alert is a prebuilt dialog that opens inside a Google Docs, Sheets, Slides, or Forms editor. It displays a message and an "OK" button; a title and alternative buttons are optional. It is similar to calling window.alert() in client-side JavaScript within a web browser.

Alerts suspend the server-side script while the dialog is open. The script resumes after the user closes the dialog, but JDBC connections do not persist across the suspension.

As shown in the following example, Google Docs, Forms, Slides, and Sheets all use the method Ui.alert(), which is available in three variants. To override the default "OK" button, pass a value from the Ui.ButtonSet enum as the buttons argument. To evaluate which button the user clicked, compare the return value for alert() to the Ui.Button enum.

function onOpen() {
  SpreadsheetApp.getUi() // Or DocumentApp or SlidesApp or FormApp.
    .createMenu("Custom Menu")
    .addItem("Show alert", "showAlert")
    .addToUi();
}

function showAlert() {
  var ui = SpreadsheetApp.getUi(); // Same variations.

  var result = ui.alert(
    "Please confirm",
    "Are you sure you want to continue?",
    ui.ButtonSet.YES_NO,
  );

  // Process the user's response.
  if (result == ui.Button.YES) {
    // User clicked "Yes".
    ui.alert("Confirmation received.");
  } else {
    // User clicked "No" or X in the title bar.
    ui.alert("Permission denied.");
  }
}

A prompt is a prebuilt dialog that opens inside a Google Docs, Sheets, Slides, or Forms editor. It displays a message, a text-input field, and an "OK" button; a title and alternative buttons are optional. It is similar to calling window.prompt() in client-side JavaScript within a web browser.

Prompts suspend the server-side script while the dialog is open. The script resumes after the user closes the dialog, but JDBC connections do not persist across the suspension.

As shown in the following example, Google Docs¸ Forms, Slides, and Sheets all use the method Ui.prompt(), which is available in three variants. To override the default "OK" button, pass a value from the Ui.ButtonSet enum as the buttons argument. To evaluate the user's response, capture the return value for prompt(), then call PromptResponse.getResponseText() to retrieve the user's input, and compare the return value for PromptResponse.getSelectedButton() to the Ui.Button enum.

function onOpen() {
  SpreadsheetApp.getUi() // Or DocumentApp or SlidesApp or FormApp.
    .createMenu("Custom Menu")
    .addItem("Show prompt", "showPrompt")
    .addToUi();
}

function showPrompt() {
  var ui = SpreadsheetApp.getUi(); // Same variations.

  var result = ui.prompt(
    "Let's get to know each other!",
    "Please enter your name:",
    ui.ButtonSet.OK_CANCEL,
  );

  // Process the user's response.
  var button = result.getSelectedButton();
  var text = result.getResponseText();
  if (button == ui.Button.OK) {
    // User clicked "OK".
    ui.alert("Your name is " + text + ".");
  } else if (button == ui.Button.CANCEL) {
    // User clicked "Cancel".
    ui.alert("I didn't get your name.");
  } else if (button == ui.Button.CLOSE) {
    // User clicked X in the title bar.
    ui.alert("You closed the dialog.");
  }
}

A custom dialog can display an HTML service user interface inside a Google Docs, Sheets, Slides, or Forms editor.

Custom dialogs do not suspend the server-side script while the dialog is open. The client-side component can make asynchronous calls to the server-side script using the google.script API for HTML-service interfaces.

The dialog can close itself by calling google.script.host.close() in the client side of an HTML-service interface. The dialog cannot be closed by other interfaces, only by the user or itself.

As shown in the following example, Google Docs, Forms, Slides, and Sheets all use the method Ui.showModalDialog() to open the dialog.

function onOpen() {
  SpreadsheetApp.getUi() // Or DocumentApp or SlidesApp or FormApp.
      .createMenu('Custom Menu')
      .addItem('Show dialog', 'showDialog')
      .addToUi();
}

function showDialog() {
  var html = HtmlService.createHtmlOutputFromFile('Page')
      .setWidth(400)
      .setHeight(300);
  SpreadsheetApp.getUi() // Or DocumentApp or SlidesApp or FormApp.
      .showModalDialog(html, 'My custom dialog');
}

Hello, world! <input type="button" value="Close" onclick="google.script.host.close()" />

A sidebar can display an HTML service user interface inside a Google Docs, Forms, Slides, and Sheets editor.

Sidebars do not suspend the server-side script while the dialog is open. The client-side component can make asynchronous calls to the server-side script using the google.script API for HTML-service interfaces.

The sidebar can close itself by calling google.script.host.close() in the client side of an HTML-service interface. The sidebar cannot be closed by other interfaces, only by the user or itself.

As shown in the following example, Google Docs, Forms, Slides, and Sheets all use the method Ui.showSidebar() to open the sidebar.

function onOpen() {
  SpreadsheetApp.getUi() // Or DocumentApp or SlidesApp or FormApp.
      .createMenu('Custom Menu')
      .addItem('Show sidebar', 'showSidebar')
      .addToUi();
}

function showSidebar() {
  var html = HtmlService.createHtmlOutputFromFile('Page')
      .setTitle('My custom sidebar');
  SpreadsheetApp.getUi() // Or DocumentApp or SlidesApp or FormApp.
      .showSidebar(html);
}

Hello, world! <input type="button" value="Close" onclick="google.script.host.close()" />

Google Picker is a JavaScript API to let users select or upload Google Drive files. The Google Picker library can be used in HTML service to create a custom dialog that lets users select existing files or upload new ones, then pass that selection back to your script for further use.

There are several requirements for using Google Picker with Apps Script.

• Set up your environment for Google Picker.

• Your script project must use a standard Google Cloud project.

  Note: The same Cloud project number should be passed to PickerBuilder.setAppId() if using the drive.file scope.

• The Apps Script project manifest must specify the authorization scopes required by the Google Picker API so that ScriptApp.getOAuthToken() returns the correct token for PickerBuilder.setOauthtoken().

• The API key set in PickerBuilder.setDeveloperKey() can be restricted to Apps Script. Under Application restrictions, complete the following steps:

  1. Select HTTP referrers (web sites).
  2. Under Website restrictions, click Add an item.
  3. Click Referrer and enter *.google.com.
  4. Add another item and enter *.googleusercontent.com as the referrer.
  5. Click Done.

• You must call PickerBuilder.setOrigin(google.script.host.origin).

The following example shows Google Picker in Apps Script.

Except as otherwise noted, the content of this page is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License, and code samples are licensed under the Apache 2.0 License. For details, see the Google Developers Site Policies. Java is a registered trademark of Oracle and/or its affiliates.

Last updated 2025-08-04 UTC.

[[["Easy to understand","easyToUnderstand","thumb-up"],["Solved my problem","solvedMyProblem","thumb-up"],["Other","otherUp","thumb-up"]],[["Missing the information I need","missingTheInformationINeed","thumb-down"],["Too complicated / too many steps","tooComplicatedTooManySteps","thumb-down"],["Out of date","outOfDate","thumb-down"],["Samples / code issue","samplesCodeIssue","thumb-down"],["Other","otherDown","thumb-down"]],["Last updated 2025-08-04 UTC."],[[["Apps Script allows you to create interactive user interfaces in Google Docs, Sheets, and Forms, using pre-built alerts, prompts, or custom HTML dialogs and sidebars."],["Alerts and prompts are simple dialog boxes for displaying messages and getting user input, while custom dialogs and sidebars offer greater flexibility with HTML service."],["You can use Google Picker to let users select or upload Google Drive files within your Apps Script applications, though it requires specific setup and authorization."],["Custom dialogs and sidebars, built with HTML service, run asynchronously and can communicate with server-side scripts using the `google.script` API."]]],[]]

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