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Showing content from https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Node/lookupNamespaceURI below:

Node: lookupNamespaceURI() method - Web APIs

Baseline Widely available

The lookupNamespaceURI() method of the Node interface takes a prefix as parameter and returns the namespace URI associated with it on the given node if found (and null if not). This method's existence allows Node objects to be passed as a namespace resolver to XPathEvaluator.createExpression() and XPathEvaluator.evaluate().

lookupNamespaceURI(prefix)

prefix

The prefix to look for.

Note: This parameter is not optional, but can be set to null.

A string containing the namespace URI corresponding to the prefix.

• Always returns null if the node is a DocumentFragment, DocumentType, Document with no documentElement, or Attr with no associated element.
• If prefix is "xml", the return value is always "http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace".
• If prefix is "xmlns", the return value is always "http://www.w3.org/2000/xmlns/".
• If the prefix is null, the return value is the default namespace URI.
• If the prefix is not found, the return value is null.

<div class="hidden">
  <div>Test HTML element</div>
  <svg>
    <text>Test SVG element</text>
  </svg>
  <math>Test MathML element</math>
</div>

<table>
  <thead>
    <tr>
      <th><code>prefix</code></th>
      <th><code>&lt;div&gt;</code></th>
      <th><code>&lt;svg&gt;</code></th>
      <th><code>&lt;math&gt;</code></th>
    </tr>
  </thead>
  <tbody></tbody>
</table>

.hidden {
  display: none;
}

const htmlElt = document.querySelector("div");
const svgElt = document.querySelector("svg");
const mathElt = document.querySelector("math");

const tbody = document.querySelector("tbody");

for (const prefix of ["xmlns", "xml", "html", "svg", "xlink", "", null]) {
  const row = document.createElement("tr");
  tbody.appendChild(row);
  row.appendChild(document.createElement("td")).textContent =
    JSON.stringify(prefix);
  for (const el of [htmlElt, svgElt, mathElt]) {
    console.log(el, prefix, el.lookupNamespaceURI(prefix));
    row.appendChild(document.createElement("td")).textContent = String(
      el.lookupNamespaceURI(prefix),
    );
  }
}

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