Baseline Widely available
The matrix3d()
CSS function defines a 3D transformation as a 4x4 homogeneous matrix. Its result is a <transform-function>
data type.
transform: matrix3d(
-0.6,
1.34788,
0,
0,
-2.34788,
-0.6,
0,
0,
0,
0,
1,
0,
0,
0,
10,
1
);
transform: matrix3d(
0.5,
0,
-0.866025,
0,
0.595877,
1.2,
-1.03209,
0,
0.866025,
0,
0.5,
0,
25.9808,
0,
15,
1
);
<section id="default-example">
<img
class="transition-all"
id="example-element"
src="/shared-assets/images/examples/firefox-logo.svg"
width="200" />
</section>
Syntax
matrix3d(a1, b1, c1, d1, a2, b2, c2, d2, a3, b3, c3, d3, a4, b4, c4, d4)
Values
The matrix3d()
function is specified with 16 values. They are described in the column-major order.
Are <number>
s describing the linear transformation.
Are <number>
s describing the translation to apply.
<matrix3d()> =Examples Cube squashing example
matrix3d( <number>#{16} )
The following example shows a 3D cube created from DOM elements and transforms, which can be hovered/focused to apply a matrix3d()
transform to it.
<section id="example-element" tabindex="0">
<div class="face front">1</div>
<div class="face back">2</div>
<div class="face right">3</div>
<div class="face left">4</div>
<div class="face top">5</div>
<div class="face bottom">6</div>
</section>
CSS
#example-element {
width: 100px;
height: 100px;
transform-style: preserve-3d;
transition: transform 1.5s;
transform: rotate3d(1, 1, 1, 30deg);
margin: 50px auto;
}
#example-element:hover,
#example-element:focus {
transform: rotate3d(1, 1, 1, 30deg)
matrix3d(1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 6, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 50, 100, 0, 1.1);
}
.face {
display: flex;
align-items: center;
justify-content: center;
width: 100%;
height: 100%;
position: absolute;
backface-visibility: inherit;
font-size: 60px;
color: white;
}
.front {
background: rgb(90 90 90 / 70%);
transform: translateZ(50px);
}
.back {
background: rgb(0 210 0 / 70%);
transform: rotateY(180deg) translateZ(50px);
}
.right {
background: rgb(210 0 0 / 70%);
transform: rotateY(90deg) translateZ(50px);
}
.left {
background: rgb(0 0 210 / 70%);
transform: rotateY(-90deg) translateZ(50px);
}
.top {
background: rgb(210 210 0 / 70%);
transform: rotateX(90deg) translateZ(50px);
}
.bottom {
background: rgb(210 0 210 / 70%);
transform: rotateX(-90deg) translateZ(50px);
}
Result Matrix translation and scale example
Another transform3d()
example, which implements an animated combined translate and scale.
<div class="foo">
Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipisicing elit. Quos quaerat sit
soluta, quisquam exercitationem delectus qui unde in facere necessitatibus aut
quia porro dolorem nesciunt enim, at consequuntur aliquam esse?
</div>
CSS
html {
width: 100%;
}
body {
height: 100vh;
/* Centering content */
display: flex;
flex-flow: row wrap;
justify-content: center;
align-content: center;
}
.foo {
width: 50%;
padding: 1em;
color: white;
background: #ff8c66;
border: 2px dashed black;
text-align: center;
font-family: system-ui, sans-serif;
font-size: 14px;
/* Setting up animation for better demonstration */
animation: MotionScale 2s alternate linear infinite;
}
@keyframes MotionScale {
0% {
/*
Identity matrix is used as basis here.
The matrix below describes the
following transformations:
Translates every X point by -50px
Translates every Y point by -100px
Translates every Z point by 0
Scales down by 10%
*/
/* prettier-ignore */
transform: matrix3d(
1, 0, 0, 0,
0, 1, 0, 0,
0, 0, 1, 0,
-50, -100, 0, 1.1
);
}
50% {
/* prettier-ignore */
transform: matrix3d(
1, 0, 0, 0,
0, 1, 0, 0,
0, 0, 1, 0,
0, 0, 0, 0.9
);
}
100% {
/* prettier-ignore */
transform: matrix3d(
1, 0, 0, 0,
0, 1, 0, 0,
0, 0, 1, 0,
50, 100, 0, 1.1
)
}
}
Result Specifications Browser compatibility See also
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HTML:
3.2
| Encoding:
UTF-8
| Version:
0.7.4