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Showing content from https://developer.cdn.mozilla.net/en-US/docs/Web/API/ScreenOrientation/lock below:

ScreenOrientation: lock() method - Web APIs

Limited availability

The lock() method of the ScreenOrientation interface locks the orientation of the containing document to the specified orientation.

Typically orientation locking is only enabled on mobile devices, and when the browser context is full screen. If locking is supported, then it must work for all the parameter values listed below.

orientation

An orientation lock type. One of the following:

"any"

Any of portrait-primary, portrait-secondary, landscape-primary or landscape-secondary.

"natural"

The natural orientation of the screen from the underlying operating system: either portrait-primary or landscape-primary.

"landscape"

An orientation where screen width is greater than the screen height. Depending on the platform convention, this may be landscape-primary, landscape-secondary, or both.

"portrait"

An orientation where screen height is greater than the screen width. Depending on the platform convention, this may be portrait-primary, portrait-secondary, or both.

"portrait-primary"

The "primary" portrait mode. If the natural orientation is a portrait mode (screen height is greater than width), this will be the same as the natural orientation, and correspond to an angle of 0 degrees. If the natural orientation is a landscape mode, then the user agent can choose either portrait orientation as the portrait-primary and portrait-secondary; one of those will be assigned the angle of 90 degrees and the other will have an angle of 270 degrees.

"portrait-secondary"

The secondary portrait orientation. If the natural orientation is a portrait mode, this will have an angle of 180 degrees (in other words, the device is upside down relative to its natural orientation). If the natural orientation is a landscape mode, this can be either orientation as selected by the user agent: whichever was not selected for portrait-primary.

"landscape-primary"

The "primary" landscape mode. If the natural orientation is a landscape mode (screen width is greater than height), this will be the same as the natural orientation, and correspond to an angle of 0 degrees. If the natural orientation is a portrait mode, then the user agent can choose either landscape orientation as the landscape-primary with an angle of either 90 or 270 degrees (landscape-secondary will be the other orientation and angle).

"landscape-secondary"

The secondary landscape mode. If the natural orientation is a landscape mode, this orientation is upside down relative to the natural orientation, and will have an angle of 180 degrees. If the natural orientation is a portrait mode, this can be either orientation as selected by the user agent: whichever was not selected for landscape-primary.

A Promise that resolves after locking succeeds.

The promise may be rejected with the following exceptions:

InvalidStateError DOMException

Thrown if the document is not fully active.

SecurityError DOMException

Thrown if the document's visibility state is hidden or if the document is forbidden to use the feature (for example, by omitting the keyword allow-orientation-lock of the sandbox attribute of the iframe element).

NotSupportedError DOMException

Thrown if the user agent does not support locking the screen orientation of the specific orientation.

AbortError DOMException

Thrown if there is any other lock() method invoking.

This example shows how to lock the screen to the opposite orientation of the current one. Note that this example will only work on mobile devices and other devices that support orientation changes.

<div id="example_container">
  <button id="fullscreen_button">Fullscreen</button>
  <button id="lock_button">Lock</button>
  <button id="unlock_button">Unlock</button>
  <textarea id="log" rows="7" cols="85"></textarea>
</div>

const log = document.getElementById("log");

// Lock button: Lock the screen to the other orientation (rotated by 90 degrees)
const rotate_btn = document.querySelector("#lock_button");
rotate_btn.addEventListener("click", () => {
  log.textContent += `Lock pressed \n`;

  const oppositeOrientation = screen.orientation.type.startsWith("portrait")
    ? "landscape"
    : "portrait";
  screen.orientation
    .lock(oppositeOrientation)
    .then(() => {
      log.textContent = `Locked to ${oppositeOrientation}\n`;
    })
    .catch((error) => {
      log.textContent += `${error}\n`;
    });
});

// Unlock button: Unlock the screen orientation (if locked)
const unlock_btn = document.querySelector("#unlock_button");
unlock_btn.addEventListener("click", () => {
  log.textContent += "Unlock pressed \n";
  screen.orientation.unlock();
});

// Full screen button: Set the example to fullscreen.
const fullscreen_btn = document.querySelector("#fullscreen_button");
fullscreen_btn.addEventListener("click", () => {
  log.textContent += "Fullscreen pressed \n";
  const container = document.querySelector("#example_container");
  container.requestFullscreen().catch((error) => {
    log.textContent += `${error}\n`;
  });
});

To test the example, first press the Fullscreen button. Once the example is full screen, press the Lock button to switch the orientation, and Unlock to return to the natural orientation.

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