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Early Teleoperators, Exoskeletons and Industrial Robots

This page shows a timeline of significant events in the development of Teleoperators, Exoskeletons and Industrial Robots with dates showing the creation or announcement of these machines.

Check out the updates page for recent posts.

There are many way to sub-categorize Teleoperators, from remote manipulators, Man-amplifiers and exoskeletons, prosthetics and orthotics, through to walking machines. These days, this overall category comes under the general heading of Haptics. The Man-amplifiers when combined with Walking machines are now commonly called Mechas (Mekas), following the naming popularized by Japanese Anime.

Early Exoskeletons and Man-Amplifiers

Gizmo Outboard-motor assisted walker

1961 – Yuri Gagarin becomes the first man in space.

1970-2 – Powered Exoskeleton – Vukobratovic

1987 – LIFESUIT – Exoskeleton – Monty Reed

1990 – SpringWalker

1990 – Power-Assist Suit

1998 – "Walking Machine" – Stelarc

21st Century

2000- Electric SpringWalker

Kazerooni Human Extender

2001 – DARPA $50 million 5-year exo program

2001- McKibben powered vests – Japanese

2002 – HAL-3 – Cyberdyne

2003 –

Matrix 3

Exo Suits (Fictional)

2004 – BLEEX – Kazerooni

2004-5 Servo Mag Tetsujin competition

2005 – HAL 5

2008 –

Iron Man

exoskeleton (Fictional)

2008 – XOS – Sarcos-Raytheron

2008 – Power-assist suit (Japan)

2009 – HULC – Locheed Martin

2009 – Panasonic Power Loader

2009 –

District 9

Exoskeleton (Fictional)

2010 – XOS 2 – Sarcos-Raytheon

2010 –

Avatar

(Fictional)

2010 Panasonic Power Jacket

Early Teleoperated Walking Machines

1990 – SpringWalker

1986 – Power Loader –

Aliens

(Fictional)

1998 – "Walking Machine" – Stelarc

21st Century

2000- Electric SpringWalker

2003 –

Matrix 3

Exo Suits (Fictional)

2009 –

District 9

Alien Exoskeleton (Fictional)

2010 –

Avatar

(Fictional)

Early Remote Mobile Manipulators

Early Master-Slave Manipulator

– Early Anthropomorphic Remote Control

– No Force-Feedback

– Force-Feedback

Early Lunar and Off-world Teleoperated Rovers

Early Teleoperators in Space

-Unmanned

-Manned

1961, April 12 – Yuri Gagarin becomes the first man in space.

1969, July 20 – First moon landing.

Early Industrial Robots

Pre-Robot Manipulators

First Re-Programmable Machines and Industrial Robots

1801 – Jacquard Loom

1873 – "Automat" Cam-operated Lathe by Christopher Spencer

1941 – Isaac Asimov, aged 21 in May 1941, invents the word 'Robotics' in a robot story entitled "Liar!".

1947 – Del Harder, a Ford executive, coins the word "Automation".

1959 – Working Robot and Prototype Unimate by Devol & Engelberger

1961 – 1st "Unimate", installed at GM

1962 – "Unimation" formed by Devol and Engelberger

1974 – ASEA IRB-6 First Electric-powered Industrial Robot